the forces of the earth
DESCRIPTION
The Forces of the Earth. Plate tectonics and other cool stuff. Vocabulary. Plates – huge moving slabs that form the Earth’s crust Plate tectonics – the theory that the Earth’s crust is made of plates that are constantly drifting apart and sliding together. Tectonic Plates. Vocabulary. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Forces of the Earth
Plate tectonics and other cool stuff
Vocabulary
• Plates – huge moving slabs that form the Earth’s crust• Plate tectonics – the theory
that the Earth’s crust is made of plates that are constantly drifting apart and sliding together
Tectonic Plates
Vocabulary• Crust – the band of solid rock
on the Earth’s surface that floats on the mantle•Mantle – a partly melted,
white-hot inner layer of rock between the Earth’s curst and core
How Plates Move
Pangaea
Pangaea – the supercontinent that existed 225 million years ago
Plate BoundariesDivergent Boundaries
where plates pull apart
How Plates MoveConvergent Boundaries
Where plates meet
How Plates Move
Oceanic-Oceanic Convergence
Oceanic-Oceanic ConvergnceMid-Ocean Ridges
Birth of an Island Surtsey 1963
How Plates Move
Continental-Continental Convergence
Mountain Ranges
Rise of the Himalayas
Vocabulary• Magma – liquid rock within the Earth’s
mantle• Lava – liquid rock that has reached the
Earth’s surface• Subduction – the process by which the
Earth’s crust slides into the mantle and melts into magma
• Volcanism – the outpouring of molten rock onto the Earth’s surface through cracks in the crust
Subduction Zones
Trench FlippingStandard Subduction
How Plates MoveTransform-Fault Boundaries
Faulting – where two tectonic plates slide past one another
Fault Lines
San Andreas Fault
Ring of Fire
Hot SpotsHot spots – molten rock that forces its way through the crust, but is not located along a plate boundary
Vocabulary•Weathering – the slow
breakdown of rock into finer particles by natural means• Erosion – the breakdown and
movement of rock particles by running water, ocean currents, wind or ice
Weathering and Erosion
Glacial Erosion
Glacier – a river or sheet of ice that scrapes the soil off the land as it moves
Greenhouse Effect
• Greenhouse effect – the trapping of heat within the atmosphere and oceans by carbon dioxide
World Climates