The Ford and Carter YearsThe Ford and Carter YearsHow does the country heal during the late 70s?

Ford Pardons NixonFord Pardons Nixon

To move the country beyond Watergate, Ford pardons Nixon of any To move the country beyond Watergate, Ford pardons Nixon of any crimes he may have committed while Presidentcrimes he may have committed while President

Ford loses much public support – but many say it allowed the country Ford loses much public support – but many say it allowed the country to heal quicker from wounds of Vietnam & Watergateto heal quicker from wounds of Vietnam & Watergate

After being sworn in President Gerald Ford tells America “our long national nightmare is over”

Ford and the EconomyFord and the EconomyMid 70s also experiencing an energy crisis due to high oil & electric prices - Ford urged energy conservation

Recession is getting worse, Inflation at 10%, Ford starts WIN – Whip Inflation Now

WIN=Cut spending, higher interest rates, made recession worse

Constant battles w/ Dem Congress – vetoes 50 bills in 2 yrs

Ford’s Foreign PolicyFord’s Foreign Policy

Congress passed War Powers Act, limiting President’s abilities Congress passed War Powers Act, limiting President’s abilities to use troops (60 days), Ford can’t help in S. Vietnamto use troops (60 days), Ford can’t help in S. Vietnam

Kissinger stays on as Sec’y of State, continues Nixon’s détenteKissinger stays on as Sec’y of State, continues Nixon’s détente

Ford participates in the Helsinki AccordsFord participates in the Helsinki Accords

35 nations signed the Accords, which mend relationships 35 nations signed the Accords, which mend relationships between Eastern and Western Europebetween Eastern and Western Europe

1976 Election1976 Election

Ford faces challenge in his own party from CA Gov Ronald Ford faces challenge in his own party from CA Gov Ronald ReaganReaganFord beats Reagan for Republican nomination, faces Georgia Ford beats Reagan for Republican nomination, faces Georgia Gov Jimmy Carter in November, Carter seen as an “outsider”Gov Jimmy Carter in November, Carter seen as an “outsider”Carter beats Ford in very close electionCarter beats Ford in very close election

Economy WorsensEconomy Worsens

Carter goes to Congress with 100 proposals on Energy Crisis, Carter goes to Congress with 100 proposals on Energy Crisis, is met with resistance by Senators who states depend cars/gasis met with resistance by Senators who states depend cars/gas

1978: Carter & Congress agree pass National Energy Act: tax 1978: Carter & Congress agree pass National Energy Act: tax “gas guzzlers” & give tax credits for alternative energy“gas guzzlers” & give tax credits for alternative energy

Americans use less foreign oil so OPEC slows productionAmericans use less foreign oil so OPEC slows production

Oil prices rise, less gas, inflation climbs to 14%, unemployment Oil prices rise, less gas, inflation climbs to 14%, unemployment is on the riseis on the rise

Three Mile Island

Many citizens debate if nuclear power is safe in US

US faces nuclear crisis in 1979, series of human errors leads to a partial meltdown of a nuclear reactor at Three Mile Island in PA

Clip: What causes radiation to escape? How many reontgens were measured and is the amount deadly?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGI7VymjSho

Skylab

1979: US Space Station Skylab is about to fall out of space, people begin to panic, will Skylab fall on me?

Clip: How long was Skylab manned?Where did Skylab eventually hit?http://videos.huffingtonpost.com/may-14th-the-life-and-times-of-skylab-517353976

Carter’s Foreign PolicyCarter’s Foreign Policy

Carter & Sec’y of State Cyrus Vance reject realpolitik policy of Carter & Sec’y of State Cyrus Vance reject realpolitik policy of Kissinger, want to focus on human rightsKissinger, want to focus on human rights

Cut off relations with Argentina and Brazil due to dictatorshipsCut off relations with Argentina and Brazil due to dictatorships

Agreed to return the Panama Canal to Panama on 12/31/99Agreed to return the Panama Canal to Panama on 12/31/99

Signs SALT II w/ SovietsSigns SALT II w/ Soviets

Boycotts 1980 Olympics in Moscow when Soviet Union invades Boycotts 1980 Olympics in Moscow when Soviet Union invades Afghanistan – Congress refuses to ratify SALT IIAfghanistan – Congress refuses to ratify SALT II

Middle EastMiddle East

Carter gets leaders of Egypt & Israel to meet at Camp DavidCarter gets leaders of Egypt & Israel to meet at Camp David

Carter mediates peace agreements between two nationsCarter mediates peace agreements between two nations

Camp David AccordsCamp David Accords

Israel returns the Sinai Peninsula to EgyptIsrael returns the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt

Egypt recognizes Israel’s right to existEgypt recognizes Israel’s right to exist

Iran Hostage CrisisIran Hostage Crisis

1979: Ayatollah Khomeini tells people of Iran to revolt against 1979: Ayatollah Khomeini tells people of Iran to revolt against the rule of Shah Mohammad Pahlavi, who is backed by USthe rule of Shah Mohammad Pahlavi, who is backed by US

Shah flees Iran, Khomeini takes controlShah flees Iran, Khomeini takes control

Carter allows Shah into US for medical treatmentCarter allows Shah into US for medical treatment

Iranian students storm US embassy taking 52 workers hostage, Iranian students storm US embassy taking 52 workers hostage, students demand the return of the Shah for US hostagesstudents demand the return of the Shah for US hostages

444 Days444 Days

Carter refuses, US tries rescue attempt but it failsCarter refuses, US tries rescue attempt but it fails

Shah dies in hospital – hostages still held for 444 daysShah dies in hospital – hostages still held for 444 days

Economy & hostage crisis cause Carter to lose 1980 electionEconomy & hostage crisis cause Carter to lose 1980 election

Clips : 1) Why was the Shah a good/bad leader? 2) What Clips : 1) Why was the Shah a good/bad leader? 2) What happens to the Shah in 1953 and who restores him to power?happens to the Shah in 1953 and who restores him to power?

3) What happens when Carter lets Shah into US? 4) What 3) What happens when Carter lets Shah into US? 4) What happens to the rescue attempt? 5) When are hostages happens to the rescue attempt? 5) When are hostages released?released?