the fourfold gospel, lecture 2 durham university, u.k. luke: annunciation lecture 4

The Fourfold Gospel, Lecture 2

Durham University, U.K.

Luke: Annunciation

LECTURE 4

Luke: Annunciation

(1) INTRODUCING LUKE

(2) DIFFERENTIATING LUKE

(3) THE CANON TABLES

(4) ANNUNCIATIONS: LUKE, MATTHEW

Durham Cathedral

Canterbury Cathedral (Kent, S.E. England)

St Augustine’s Abbey, Canterbury

The St Augustine Gospels:Enthronement of the Archbishop of Canterbury

St Augustine Gospels: Luke the

Evangelist

Luke and the Calf Symbol

“... And in the middle of the throne and around the throne [I saw] four living creatures full of eyes before and behind,

and the first creature was like a lion,

and the second creature was like a calf,

and the third creature had the face of a man,

and the fourth creature was like a flying eagle.”

Revelation 4.6-7

Evangelist traditions: Irenaeus (c. 180 CE)

Matthew, among the Hebrews, among the Hebrews and in their own language, produced a written account of the gospel, while Peter and Paul were in Rome evangelizing and founding the church.

After their departure Mark also, the disciple and interpreter of Peter, handed down to us in written form what was preached by Peter.

And Luke, the follower of Paul, set down in a book the gospel preached by him.

Then John the disciple of the Lord, who reclined upon his breast, gave out a gospel while living in Ephesus in Asia.”

Luke: Annunciation





1.1 “And there appeared to [Zechariah] an angel standing on the right of the altar of incense...” Lk.1.11

1.2 “After three days they found him in the temple, sitting among the teachers...” Lk.2.46

2.1 “Getting into one of the boats, which was Simon’s, he asked him to put out a little from the land. And he sat down and taught the people from the boat.” Lk.5.3

2.2 “When Simon Peter saw [the catch of fish], he fell down at Jesus’ knees, saying, ‘Depart from me, for I am a sinful man, O Lord.’” Lk.5.8

3.1 “As [Jesus] drew near to the gate of the city [of Nain], behold, a man who had died was being carried out, the only son of his mother... And when the Lord saw her, he had compassion on her...” Lk.7.12-13

3.2 “Another said, ‘I will follow you, Lord; but first let me say farewell to those at my home.” Lk.9.61

LEFT PANEL

1.1 “A woman in the crowd raised her voice and said to him, ‘Blessed is the womb that bore you, and the breasts that you sucked!” Lk.11.27

1.2 “One of the crowd said to him, ‘Teacher, tell my brother to divide the inheritance with me.” Lk.12.13

2.1 “There were some present... who told him of the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.” Lk.13.1

2.2 “A man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard...”“... And there was a woman who had a spirit of infirmity for 18 years; she was bent over and could not fully straighten herself.” Lk.13.6, 11

3.1 “And he said to [the Samaritan leper], ‘Rise and go your way, your faith has made you well.’” Lk.17.19

3.2 “So [Zacchaeus] ran on ahead and climbed up into a sycamore tree to see him, for he was to pass that way.” Lk.19.4

RIGHT PANEL

Luke: Annunciation





Eusebius of Caesarea, “Gospel Canon tables” (4th century): Lindisfarne Gospels (8th century)

I Mt-Mk-Lk-Jn

II Mt-Mk-LkIII Mt-Lk-JnIV Mt-Mk-Jn

V Mt-LkVI Mt-MkVII Mt-JnVIII Lk-MkIX Lk-Jn

X Mt only / Mk only / Lk only / Jn only

Canon table I (all four gospels), Codex Amiatinus, 8th century

Text in arches:

CAN[ON].PRIM[US].IN.QUO.IIII

(x 2)

Text bottom right:

FINIT.CAN.PRI MUS

IN QUO QUATTUOR

Book of Kells (Iona [Scotland]) or Ireland, 7th/8th century

Mt symbol Jn symbol

Mk, Lk symbols

Canon VI Canons VII-VIII

(Mt +Mk) (Mt+Jn, Lk+Mk)

Rabbula Gospels (Syriac), 6th century: Canon I, end

Solomon King David

Baptism, descent of Spirit

Child in manger(Lk)

Herod orders slaughter of children

(Mt)

ܝܘܚܢܢ ܠܘܩܐ

ܡܪܩܘܣ

ܡܬܝ

Yoḥanan Luqa Marqos Mattay

Garima Gospels (Garima 1), Ethiopia, 6th/7th century

The four decorative zones in the arch symbolize the four gospels.

Canon X. 3,4 (lists of enumerated passages unique to Luke and to John)

Canon tables are (1) a reference tool, (2) an object of beauty, an aid to prayer and contemplation.

Luke: Annunciation





LUKE 1

1 Since many have undertaken to set down an account of the events that have been fulfilled

X among us... // Now at the time of the incense-offering, the whole assembly of the people

was praying outside. Then there appeared to him an angel of the Lord, standing at the

right side of the altar of incense. When Zechariah saw him, he was terrified... // And

Mary said to the angel, “How can this be, since I am a virgin?” 35The angel said to her:

2 “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the

V power of the Most High will overshadow you;

therefore the child to be born will be holy; he

will be called Son of God.

3 And now your relative Elisabeth in her old age has

X also conceived a son...”

Navigating Eusebius’ parallels:Luke, Matthew and Jesus’ miraculous conception

CANON V:

MATTHEW

AND

LUKE

Mt Lk

3 2

10 8

12 11

16 16

24 46

27 48

28 47

30 49

34 194

36 162

38 53

40 52

41 55

43 123

46 153

47 134

48 191

LUKE 1

2 So all the generations from Abraham to David are

X fourteen generations; and from David to the

deportation to Babylon, fourteen generations; and

from the deportation to Babylon to the Messiah,

fourteen generations.

3 Now the birth of Jesus the Messiah took place in

V this way. When his mother Mary had been

engaged to Joseph, but before they lived together,

she was found to be with child from the Holy

4 Spirit. Her husband Joseph, being a righteous man

X and unwilling to expose her to public disgrace,

planned to dismiss her quietly...

The angel said to

her: ‘The Holy

Spirit will come

upon you, and the

power of the Most

High will

overshadow you;

therefore the child

to be born will be

holy; he will be

called Son of God.

MATTHEW 1

Luke: the manger sceneLk. 2.7

Matthew: the slaughter of the children

Mt. 2.16-17

LECTURE 51 October 2014 (Wed)

The Fourfold Gospel, Lecture 2

John: The Word Made Flesh

the fourfold gospel, lecture 2 durham university, u.k. luke: annunciation lecture 4

Documents