the fourth industrial revolution and its impact on hrd 4th... · aeroswift - objectives 10 •...
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T h e F o u r t h I n d u s t r i a l R e v o l u t i o n
a n d i t s I m p a c t o n H R D
Dr Phil Mjwara
DG: Dept of Science & Tech,
(SA)
23 May 2019
Botswana HRD Council
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Introductory Remarks
• The role of government is to create a conducive
climate for individuals and businesses to thrive.
• This includes creating an enabling climate for
businesses (esp. small and medium sized ones)
to become more productive and competitive, in a
rapidly changing world.
www.dst.gov.za 2
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SET Policy Evolution
S&T White
Paper
NRDS
S&T Missions
TYIP
OECD Review
of SA NSI
1996 2002 2004 2007
Creation
of DST
New public S&T missionsBiotechnologyICTAdvanced manufacturingAstronomy
Knowledge-based economyGrand challengesHuman capital development
NSI SWOTBenchmarked
Developing the NSI
2018
New STI
White Paper
Decadal
Plan
IPR Act
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The Fourth Industrial Revolution
(4IR) – SA’s Approach
• The 4IR -Definition
• Case Studies
– Manufacturing
– Bio Innovation
– Digitalisation in the ICT Sector
• Converging Technologies Platform
• Skills Requirements
• Risks of the 4IR
www.dst.gov.za 4
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The 4IR
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• Potential threats
– Further job losses, reduction in manufacturing output
– Inequality might increase
• Largest beneficiaries – providers of intellectual &
physical capital
• Increased demand for high-skill workers
• Opportunities
– Not geographically constrained
– Strong signal from EU to involve developing countries
– SA has strong technological capabilities in a number
of areas6
4IR: Opportunities & Threats
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Convergence to drive transformation of
economies and societies (1)
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Convergence to drive transformation of
economies and societies (2)
… and the convergence of the digital with the physical and
biological
Source: Microsoft
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Digitalisation in Manufacturing
Source: Göran Roos
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Aeroswift - Objectives
10
• Design and construct a large area, powder bed AM system, for metallic components:
o Powder layer manufacturing
o High speed system for:
Production of large metal parts
High throughput
o Versatile to support optimization of parameter field
o Build volume:
2m x 0.6m x 0.6m
Scalable build volume
o Pre-heating and environmental control
o Materials that can be accommodated
Ti-6Al-4V
Stainless Steel alloys
Inconel
Other metals
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• Collaborative Programme in Additive Manufacturing
• SA Additive Manufacturing Strategyhttp://www.rapdasa.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/South-African-Additive-Manufacturing-Strategy.pdf
• Aeroswift
11
Additive Manufacturing / 3D Printing
Part size
Wire depositionsystems
Powder Deposition
systems
Powder bedsystems Aeroswift
<500mm >2000mm
Par
t co
mp
lexi
ty
HIGHER VALUE
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Bio-Economy
Target: 5% GDP attributed to bio-economy by 2050
(~ R175 billion in today’s terms).
R2 billion invested by BRICs / TIA into
biotech innovation (2003-10).
By 2014, the top 7 biotech companies
had a combined annual turnover of
nearly R1 billion (from a direct
investment of R63million).
Taxes, jobs, wealth creation, export
earnings, improved QoL.
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Relevance to Bio (Innovation)?
• Growing populations need more food &
feed (… between 2015 and 2050, 1.3 billion will be
added in Africa, 0.9 billion in Asia, and 0.2 billion in the
rest of the world)
• Mitigation of Climate Change impacts• Address drought tolerance, disease resistance
• Replace dependence on fossil fuels
• Increasing global competitiveness• Market share
• Increasing global wealth – changing lifestyles,
increasing – but different - consumption
• Finite resources• Biomass recycling
• Biorefining
• Biomaterials
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Key Features of the Future in
the Bio-economy
Convergence
Competitive market solutions don’t respect
disciplinary boundaries.
• Landfill + biotech = biomass recycling
• Materials science + biotech = biomaterials
• ICT + biotech = telemedicine/agricultural
extension
• Nanotech + proteins = nanomedicine
• Satellites + AI + farming = precision
agriculture
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Key Features of the Future in
the Bio-economy
PrecisionTo address the enormous variability in life (even
within the same species)
• Health – Genomic or Precision medicine
Tailoring medicines not just to the disease
but to the human genotype
• Agriculture – Precision agriculture
• Gene-editing – harnessing the genomic
potential of crops/animals
• Satellite & drone imagery – making
every square metre more productive
• Real time, precision phenotyping
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Bio-innovation
Eucalyptus Genome Programme (UP)
Sequenced the Eucalyptus Genome.
Identification of genetic markers for
desirable traits, which speeds-up, and
allows for more accurate, breeding.
Estimated that the benefits of Marker
Assisted Breeding over conventional
breeding will save R81 million over 15 yrs
per 30 000 ha.
Translated to the 1.2million ha total
plantation in SA: equates to a potential
saving of R3.4billion over 15 yrs.
R5.5+million invested
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• XX
– XX
• XX
Digitalisation in the ICT sector
Source: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research and
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/The_Information_Age/The_Digital_and_ICT_Revolutions
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Converging Technologies Platform
Etc.
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Skills Requirements for 4IR: 21st
Century Learning Framework
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Stats on skills and shortagesGlobal shortfall of 2.9-million
data scientists with 1,000's
required across corporate SA
(Source: Business Report). Domainsrelated to 4IR
Industry
ArtificialIntelligence
E-Commerce(Smart logistics)
Dataanalytics
Health
Internet ofThings
Productionlines
5G Networks Telecommunications
Industries that could
benefit from the 4IR
Skills in highest demand on
LinkedIn, SA. (Source: LinkedIn,
2017)
1. Statistical analysis and data mining
2. Java development
3. Network and information security
4. Mobile development
5. Perl/Python/Ruby 20
Industries and Skills Gaps
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Accelerated Capacity Building in
Data Science (DSIDE)
• Since 2014, 149
trainees
• 88% black, 31%
female
• 40+ employed at
financial, ICT and
energy companies.
• Targets for 2018/19
and 2019/20 are 60
and 70 trainees,
respectively.
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National e-Science and Data Science
Training Initiatives• National e-Science Postgraduate Teaching and
Training Platform (NEPTTP)
–Purpose: Multi-institutional platform to develop
suitable qualification, curricula and pedagogic
interventions to advance the training of postgraduate
students in the rapidly developing cross-disciplinary
fields involved in e-Science
–Championed by a Consortium of 6 universities: North
West, Sol Plaatje, Limpopo, Pretoria, Venda, and
Witwatersrand
–Impact: In 2018, 28 Masters students from partner
institutions supported; Univ. of Limpopo leads
submission to DHET and SAQA for accreditation of
Masters degree in e-Science; Collaboration with
Uppsala University, Sweden to offer a joint e-Science
Masters programme
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National e-Science and Data Science Training
Initiatives
• National e-Research Support Programme
– Purpose: Provide research grants for Cyberinfrastructure (CI)
related R&D to promote the advancement of the underpinning
disciplines and technologies (i.e. computational science; data
science; computer science; computer, network & storage
technologies)
– Impact: Build and support the e-research capability pipeline in the
country as an enabler for e-Research; will commence in Q1 of
2018/19
• Data Science for Impact and Decision Enablement (DSIDE)
– Purpose: An advance data science training programme focussed
on a learn-by-doing approach over a 12 week “boot camp”; Ensure
that youth (50+ annually) are prepared for the modern workplace
with skills in Artificial Intelligence, Data science and Analytics
– Impact: 149 students trained since 2014, with most employed in
analytics jobs in Industry (Finance, Consulting, Data science and
Engineering firms)
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Mobile Laboratory Southern Africa
(mLab)
Some of the mLab startup
graduates: GoMetro, AftaRobot,
Afroes and Tour2.0
• In 2017/18, 26 start-ups.
• No. of youth trained in coding skills
(Skills Academy) in last three years
is 394.
• Expansion of the mLab outside to
Limpopo, Northern Cape and
Mpumalanga.
• Target to train 60/year/province for 3
years.
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• XX
– XX
• XX
GoMetro
Source: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
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Ide
ntity
Au
the
ntica
tio
nS
ma
rt T
oke
ns
SharkTank
Cybersecurity Training
Platform
Ne
two
rk a
nd
Da
ta
Se
cu
rity
Concept Design Technology Demonstrators Out of Lab Demonstration Technology Packages
Name
Ear biometric acquisition
system
Name
Infant fingerprint acquisition
device
Service Delivery
Automated vehicle license
disc renewal system
Name
Smart card terminal software
SharkTank
Cybersecurity training platform
Name
Iris recognition software
Name
Signature recognition system
Name
Biometric match-on-card
solution
Name
Smart ID card applet
NAME
Fingerprint template protection
solution
NAME
Physical document signing
solution
VeristicPrint SDK
Fingerphoto processing
software
NAME
Two-factor authentication
system
BACP
Visitor identification system
Impimpi
Network intrusion Detection
system
Name
CSIR Fingerprint Processing
Library
OCT-FPAD
Contactless internal fingerprint
acquisition system
Service Delivery
Indigent management system
OCT-FPAD2
Non-destructive latent
fingerprint acquisition system
Name
Fingerprint fast matcher
Building Capabilities in
Cyber/Information security
A Focused Human Capital Development Programme in Information Security produced: 9 Undergrads, 25 MSc & 5 PhD
HC
D
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Risks of Increased Digitalisation (1)
Source: Shutterstock and venturebeat.com
Source: id:analytics
Trust and Security
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Risks of Increased Digitalisation (2)
Source: bullhorn.com
Source: Shutterstock and
social-epistemology.com
Industrial organisation and …
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Risks of Increased Digitalisation (3)
Source: Brian Armstrong
and Stats SA
Source: future-
customer.com
… its impact on incomes, wealth and jobs
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• Thank you
• Ngiyabonga
• Dankie
• Ke a leboga
www.dst.gov.za 30