The Gaps – Prezi presentation

Standardization Workshop – Brussels, May 6th, 2014

Silvia Celaschi - Filippo Colzi

Page 1 May 6th 2014

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Page 2 June 2014

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Gap #1

• Sub-area: battery

• Need: guarantee the safety of users and operators during anomalous situations;

• Standards existing:

o ISO 11428 "Visual danger signals "

o ISO 12405-3 "Safety performance requirements"

o IEC 60784 "Instrumentation for electric road vehicles"

o IEC 60073 "Coding principles for indicators and actuators"

o SAE J2936 "Labeling Recommended Practice"

• Gap: missing a common label to guide operators during maintenance and emergency

situations;

Page 3 June 2014

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Gap#2

• Sub-area: battery

• Need: guarantee an effective communication among “OEMs” and “not-OEMs”

vehicle components;

• Standards existing: none

• Gap: missing a standard way to communicate between battery and vehicle (CAN

bus)

Page 4 June 2014

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Gap #3

• Sub-area: battery;

• Need: allow safe and effective battery swapping on different vehicles;

• Standards existing:

o SAE J1766 "Vehicle Crash Integrity Testing"

o SAE J3004 "Battery Packs"

• Gap: missing sufficient and dedicated standards to allow battery swapping;

Page 5 June 2014

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Gap #4

• Sub-area: range prediction and State of Charge

• Need: guarantee a good precision in the definition of the car range;

• Standards existing:

o ISO 8714 "energy consumption and range -- Test procedures"

o ISO 8715 "Road operating characteristics"

o SAE J1711 "Measuring the Fuel Economy"

• Gap: missing a new and effective standardized Driving Cycle

Page 6 June 2014

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Gap #5

• Sub-area: range prediction and State of Charge;

• Need: ensure a good precision in range prediction;

• Standards existing:

o ISO 23828 "Fuel cell road vehicles -- Energy consumption measurement"

o SAE J1711 "Measuring the Fuel Economy"

o SAE J2711 "Measuring Fuel Economy”

o SAE J1634 "Energy Consumption and Range Test Procedure"

o SAE J2991 "Range Test Protocol for PEV"

• Gap: missing a standard and common way to predict driving range;

Page 7 June 2014

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Gap #6

• Sub-area: regenerative braking;

• Need: ensure a sufficient exploitation of regenerative breaking;

• Standards existing:

o CEN/CENELEC CR 1955 "Proposals for the braking of electrical vehicles"

• Gap: missing the definition of a minimum level of energy recover;

Page 8 June 2014

Gap #7

• Sub-area: charging modes;

• Need: guarantee a safe and reliable charging at home;

• Standards existing:

o IEC 61851-1, -21, -22 (Mode 1,2 and 3 for home charging)

• Gap: missing safety restriction for Mode 1 charging (overheating risks when charging

cars).

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 9 June 2014

Gap #8

• Sub-area: charging modes;

• Need: guarantee a safe and reliable charging in public charging points, both for cars

and for Light Electric Vehicles (LEVs);

• Standards existing:

o IEC 61851-1, -21, -22

• Gap: missing a common choice. Too many solutions used (Mode 1, 2, 3).

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 10 June 2014

Gap #9

• Sub-area: connectors

• Need: guarantee the connection of the vehicle to all the AC charging stations;

• Standards existing:

o IEC 62196 -2 (Type 2, Type 3)

o CEE 7/4,7/7

• Gap: missing a common choice. Still too many solutions used.

(EU proposal 2013/0012: Type 2 for cars, type 3a for scooter and LEVs)

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 11 June 2014

Gap #10

• Sub-area: connectors

• Need: guarantee the connection of the vehicle to all the DC charging stations;

• Standards existing:

o IEC 62196-3 (Combo 2, CHAdeMO)

• Gap: two solutions coexisting. Missing a common decision.

(multistandard chargers commercially available)

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 12 June 2014

Gap #11

• Sub-area: connectors

• Need: allow the connection of the vehicle to ALL the charging stations

• Standards existing:

o IEC 62196-3 (Combo 2)

• Gap: defined a unique connector (Combo2), but still competition with CHAdeMO. Missing

a common decision.

(multistandard chargers commercially available)

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 13 June 2014

Gap #12

• Sub-area: cables

• Need: guarantee European common quality and design rules;

• Standards existing:

o only National Standards. None at EU level.

• Gap: missing a common standard;

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 14 June 2014

Gap #13

• Sub-area: communication

• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EV and the

EVSE

• Standards existing:

o IEC 61851 -1 (PWM)

o ISO/ IEC 15118-1…-5 (PLC)

o DIN 70121

o IEC 61851-23/24 "D.C. Electric vehicle charging station"

• Gap: too many solutions still present.

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 15 June 2014

Gap #14

• Sub-area: inductive charging;

• Need: guarantee a safe and effective procedure;

• Standards existing:

o IEC 61980-1

o IEC 61980-2

o SAE J1773 "Inductively Coupling Charging"

o UL 2750

o SAE J2954 "Wireless Charging"

• Gap: open points on energy transfer aspects;

The GAPS – Vehicle side

Page 16 June 2014

Gap #15

• Sub-area: identification

• Need: allow user identification in a simple and universal way;

• Standards existing:

o ISO/IEC 14443 (Identification cards)

o NEMA/eMI3 proposal

• Gap: missing a common standard that simplifies identification in a roaming

perspective and with sufficient features (available digits, security, and relevant data

format);

The GAPS – Charging station side

Page 17 June 2014

Gap #16

• Sub-area: communication

• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSE and the

EVSE Backend;

• Standards existing:

o EN 61850 “Communication networks and systems in substations”

o GSM, UMTS, GPRS

o NWIP coming from GeM WP7 (ongoing)

o OCPP (commercial proposal by Open Charge Alliance)

• Gap: insufficient existing standards;

The GAPS – Charging station side

Page 18 June 2014

Gap #17

• Sub-area: safety

• Need: guarantee a safe installation and use of Fast Charging Points in petrol

stations;

• Standards existing:

o IEC 60364-7-722

o EN 60079-10

o EN 50014

o EN 50018

• Gap: absence of a specific regulation.

The GAPS – Charging station side

Page 19 June 2014

The GAPS – Grid connection side

Gap #18

• Sub-area: Electro Magnetic Compatibility

• Need: avoid possible interferences between EVs and other equipment (e.g. Smart

Meters)

• Standards existing:

o EN 50065-1

o EN 50065-2-1, 2, 3

• Gap: missing effective limits in the range 3 – 150 kHz;

Page 20 June 2014

Gap #19

• Sub-area: Power Quality

• Need: guarantee safety and quality of the grid with respects to harmonics, flicker,

overvoltage, overcurrent and avoiding possible resonant phenomena;

• Standards existing:

o IEC 61000-X

• Gap: missing evaluations/limits on multiple EVs charging effects

The GAPS – Grid connection side

Page 21 June 2014

Gap #20

• Sub-area: DC metering

• Need: obtain reliable measures from DC metering

• Standards existing:

o IEC 62056-XX (?)

• Gap: missing standard

The GAPS – Grid connection side

Page 22 June 2014

Gap #21

• Sub-area: Smart Charging – Load Management;

• Need: guarantee the exchange of fundamental information between EVSE Backend

and DSO/Smart Grid;

• Standards existing:

o IEC/TR 61850-90-7

o IEC 61850

o ISO 9506 (MMS)

o Open Smart Charge Protocol (proposal)

• Gap: missing initiative/standard to ensure uniform data exchange for smart grid

functionality

The GAPS – Grid connection side

Page 23 June 2014

Gap #22

• Sub-area: Power Level

• Need: ensure a “grid-safe” but sufficiently fast charging procedure;

• Standards existing:

o IEC 61851-1 (minimum current level: 6 A)

• Gap: missing maximum power limits (higher minimum limit for public charging under

discussion);

The GAPS – Grid connection side

Page 24 June 2014

Gap #23

• Sub-area: data exchange;

• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSE Backend

and the EVSP;

• Standards existing: none

• Gap: missing standard;

The GAPS – Communication side

Page 25 June 2014

Gap #24

• Sub-area: data exchange;

• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSP and the

Energy Provider;

• Standards existing:

o Open Smart Charge Protocol (proposal)

• Gap: missing standard;

The GAPS – Communication side

Page 26 June 2014

Gap #25

• Sub-area: data exchange;

• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSE (or EVSP)

Backend and the Clearing House;

• Standards existing:

o Open Clearing House Protocol (proposal implemented in the market)

• Gap: missing standard;

The GAPS – Communication side

Page 27 June 2014

Gap #26

• Sub-area: Marketplace Platform;

• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the Marketplace

and all the connected actors.

• Standards existing:

o Proposals from GeM WP3

• Gap: missing standard;

The GAPS – Communication side

Page 28 June 2014

Gap #27

• Sub-area: security – data protection;

• Need: guarantee protection from cyber attacks

• Standards existing:

o NERC-CIP

o DKE AK 1911.11.5 “Information security in electromobility”

o On-going activities in SG Information Security WG (eMI3)

• Gap: System well away from handling security

The GAPS – Communication side

Page 29 June 2014

Gap #28

• Sub-area: privacy

• Need: guarantee users privacy

• Standards existing:

o On-going activities from SG Information Security WG (eMI3)

• Gap: missing common rules and guidelines to handle privacy sensitive data

The GAPS – Communication side

Page 30 June 2014

Gap #29

• Sub-area: Payment

• Need: guarantee the possibility to pay for charging in all the public charging

stations;

• Standards existing: ?

• Gap: missing a common choice/common standard on business models (pay by

contract/pay by cash-equivalent system/charge for free/…)

The GAPS – Communication side

Thank you

for your attention