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The Gaps – Prezi presentation
Standardization Workshop – Brussels, May 6th, 2014
Silvia Celaschi - Filippo Colzi
Page 1 May 6th 2014
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Page 2 June 2014
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Gap #1
• Sub-area: battery
• Need: guarantee the safety of users and operators during anomalous situations;
• Standards existing:
o ISO 11428 "Visual danger signals "
o ISO 12405-3 "Safety performance requirements"
o IEC 60784 "Instrumentation for electric road vehicles"
o IEC 60073 "Coding principles for indicators and actuators"
o SAE J2936 "Labeling Recommended Practice"
• Gap: missing a common label to guide operators during maintenance and emergency
situations;
Page 3 June 2014
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Gap#2
• Sub-area: battery
• Need: guarantee an effective communication among “OEMs” and “not-OEMs”
vehicle components;
• Standards existing: none
• Gap: missing a standard way to communicate between battery and vehicle (CAN
bus)
Page 4 June 2014
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Gap #3
• Sub-area: battery;
• Need: allow safe and effective battery swapping on different vehicles;
• Standards existing:
o SAE J1766 "Vehicle Crash Integrity Testing"
o SAE J3004 "Battery Packs"
• Gap: missing sufficient and dedicated standards to allow battery swapping;
Page 5 June 2014
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Gap #4
• Sub-area: range prediction and State of Charge
• Need: guarantee a good precision in the definition of the car range;
• Standards existing:
o ISO 8714 "energy consumption and range -- Test procedures"
o ISO 8715 "Road operating characteristics"
o SAE J1711 "Measuring the Fuel Economy"
• Gap: missing a new and effective standardized Driving Cycle
Page 6 June 2014
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Gap #5
• Sub-area: range prediction and State of Charge;
• Need: ensure a good precision in range prediction;
• Standards existing:
o ISO 23828 "Fuel cell road vehicles -- Energy consumption measurement"
o SAE J1711 "Measuring the Fuel Economy"
o SAE J2711 "Measuring Fuel Economy”
o SAE J1634 "Energy Consumption and Range Test Procedure"
o SAE J2991 "Range Test Protocol for PEV"
• Gap: missing a standard and common way to predict driving range;
Page 7 June 2014
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Gap #6
• Sub-area: regenerative braking;
• Need: ensure a sufficient exploitation of regenerative breaking;
• Standards existing:
o CEN/CENELEC CR 1955 "Proposals for the braking of electrical vehicles"
• Gap: missing the definition of a minimum level of energy recover;
Page 8 June 2014
Gap #7
• Sub-area: charging modes;
• Need: guarantee a safe and reliable charging at home;
• Standards existing:
o IEC 61851-1, -21, -22 (Mode 1,2 and 3 for home charging)
• Gap: missing safety restriction for Mode 1 charging (overheating risks when charging
cars).
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 9 June 2014
Gap #8
• Sub-area: charging modes;
• Need: guarantee a safe and reliable charging in public charging points, both for cars
and for Light Electric Vehicles (LEVs);
• Standards existing:
o IEC 61851-1, -21, -22
• Gap: missing a common choice. Too many solutions used (Mode 1, 2, 3).
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 10 June 2014
Gap #9
• Sub-area: connectors
• Need: guarantee the connection of the vehicle to all the AC charging stations;
• Standards existing:
o IEC 62196 -2 (Type 2, Type 3)
o CEE 7/4,7/7
• Gap: missing a common choice. Still too many solutions used.
(EU proposal 2013/0012: Type 2 for cars, type 3a for scooter and LEVs)
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 11 June 2014
Gap #10
• Sub-area: connectors
• Need: guarantee the connection of the vehicle to all the DC charging stations;
• Standards existing:
o IEC 62196-3 (Combo 2, CHAdeMO)
• Gap: two solutions coexisting. Missing a common decision.
(multistandard chargers commercially available)
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 12 June 2014
Gap #11
• Sub-area: connectors
• Need: allow the connection of the vehicle to ALL the charging stations
• Standards existing:
o IEC 62196-3 (Combo 2)
• Gap: defined a unique connector (Combo2), but still competition with CHAdeMO. Missing
a common decision.
(multistandard chargers commercially available)
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 13 June 2014
Gap #12
• Sub-area: cables
• Need: guarantee European common quality and design rules;
• Standards existing:
o only National Standards. None at EU level.
• Gap: missing a common standard;
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 14 June 2014
Gap #13
• Sub-area: communication
• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EV and the
EVSE
• Standards existing:
o IEC 61851 -1 (PWM)
o ISO/ IEC 15118-1…-5 (PLC)
o DIN 70121
o IEC 61851-23/24 "D.C. Electric vehicle charging station"
• Gap: too many solutions still present.
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 15 June 2014
Gap #14
• Sub-area: inductive charging;
• Need: guarantee a safe and effective procedure;
• Standards existing:
o IEC 61980-1
o IEC 61980-2
o SAE J1773 "Inductively Coupling Charging"
o UL 2750
o SAE J2954 "Wireless Charging"
• Gap: open points on energy transfer aspects;
The GAPS – Vehicle side
Page 16 June 2014
Gap #15
• Sub-area: identification
• Need: allow user identification in a simple and universal way;
• Standards existing:
o ISO/IEC 14443 (Identification cards)
o NEMA/eMI3 proposal
• Gap: missing a common standard that simplifies identification in a roaming
perspective and with sufficient features (available digits, security, and relevant data
format);
The GAPS – Charging station side
Page 17 June 2014
Gap #16
• Sub-area: communication
• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSE and the
EVSE Backend;
• Standards existing:
o EN 61850 “Communication networks and systems in substations”
o GSM, UMTS, GPRS
o NWIP coming from GeM WP7 (ongoing)
o OCPP (commercial proposal by Open Charge Alliance)
• Gap: insufficient existing standards;
The GAPS – Charging station side
Page 18 June 2014
Gap #17
• Sub-area: safety
• Need: guarantee a safe installation and use of Fast Charging Points in petrol
stations;
• Standards existing:
o IEC 60364-7-722
o EN 60079-10
o EN 50014
o EN 50018
• Gap: absence of a specific regulation.
The GAPS – Charging station side
Page 19 June 2014
The GAPS – Grid connection side
Gap #18
• Sub-area: Electro Magnetic Compatibility
• Need: avoid possible interferences between EVs and other equipment (e.g. Smart
Meters)
• Standards existing:
o EN 50065-1
o EN 50065-2-1, 2, 3
• Gap: missing effective limits in the range 3 – 150 kHz;
Page 20 June 2014
Gap #19
• Sub-area: Power Quality
• Need: guarantee safety and quality of the grid with respects to harmonics, flicker,
overvoltage, overcurrent and avoiding possible resonant phenomena;
• Standards existing:
o IEC 61000-X
• Gap: missing evaluations/limits on multiple EVs charging effects
The GAPS – Grid connection side
Page 21 June 2014
Gap #20
• Sub-area: DC metering
• Need: obtain reliable measures from DC metering
• Standards existing:
o IEC 62056-XX (?)
• Gap: missing standard
The GAPS – Grid connection side
Page 22 June 2014
Gap #21
• Sub-area: Smart Charging – Load Management;
• Need: guarantee the exchange of fundamental information between EVSE Backend
and DSO/Smart Grid;
• Standards existing:
o IEC/TR 61850-90-7
o IEC 61850
o ISO 9506 (MMS)
o Open Smart Charge Protocol (proposal)
• Gap: missing initiative/standard to ensure uniform data exchange for smart grid
functionality
The GAPS – Grid connection side
Page 23 June 2014
Gap #22
• Sub-area: Power Level
• Need: ensure a “grid-safe” but sufficiently fast charging procedure;
• Standards existing:
o IEC 61851-1 (minimum current level: 6 A)
• Gap: missing maximum power limits (higher minimum limit for public charging under
discussion);
The GAPS – Grid connection side
Page 24 June 2014
Gap #23
• Sub-area: data exchange;
• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSE Backend
and the EVSP;
• Standards existing: none
• Gap: missing standard;
The GAPS – Communication side
Page 25 June 2014
Gap #24
• Sub-area: data exchange;
• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSP and the
Energy Provider;
• Standards existing:
o Open Smart Charge Protocol (proposal)
• Gap: missing standard;
The GAPS – Communication side
Page 26 June 2014
Gap #25
• Sub-area: data exchange;
• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the EVSE (or EVSP)
Backend and the Clearing House;
• Standards existing:
o Open Clearing House Protocol (proposal implemented in the market)
• Gap: missing standard;
The GAPS – Communication side
Page 27 June 2014
Gap #26
• Sub-area: Marketplace Platform;
• Need: guarantee a sufficient and secure communication between the Marketplace
and all the connected actors.
• Standards existing:
o Proposals from GeM WP3
• Gap: missing standard;
The GAPS – Communication side
Page 28 June 2014
Gap #27
• Sub-area: security – data protection;
• Need: guarantee protection from cyber attacks
• Standards existing:
o NERC-CIP
o DKE AK 1911.11.5 “Information security in electromobility”
o On-going activities in SG Information Security WG (eMI3)
• Gap: System well away from handling security
The GAPS – Communication side
Page 29 June 2014
Gap #28
• Sub-area: privacy
• Need: guarantee users privacy
• Standards existing:
o On-going activities from SG Information Security WG (eMI3)
• Gap: missing common rules and guidelines to handle privacy sensitive data
The GAPS – Communication side
Page 30 June 2014
Gap #29
• Sub-area: Payment
• Need: guarantee the possibility to pay for charging in all the public charging
stations;
• Standards existing: ?
• Gap: missing a common choice/common standard on business models (pay by
contract/pay by cash-equivalent system/charge for free/…)
The GAPS – Communication side