the geography of greece
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The Geography of Greece. Archaic Greece: 1650 BCE - 700 BCE. Bronze Age Greece. Crete: Minoan Civilization (Palace at Knossos ). Knossos : Minoan Civilization. Minoan Civilization. The Mycenaean Civilization. Homer : The “Heroic Age”. The Mask of Agamemnon. "Hellenic" (Classical) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Geography of Greece
The Geography of Greece
Bronze Age GreeceBronze Age Greece
Crete: Minoan Civilization
(Palace at Knossos)
Crete: Minoan Civilization
(Palace at Knossos)
Knossos: Minoan Civilization
Knossos: Minoan Civilization
Minoan CivilizationMinoan Civilization
The Mycenaean Civilization
The Mycenaean Civilization
Homer: The “Heroic Age”
Homer: The “Heroic Age”
The Mask of AgamemnonThe Mask of Agamemnon
ATHENS: 700’sbce-300’sbce
ATHENS: 700’sbce-300’sbce
Piraeus: Athens’ Port City
Piraeus: Athens’ Port City
Early Athenian Lawgivers
Early Athenian Lawgivers
Draco First written code created around 621 “draconian”
Solon(archon in 594 B.C.)Outlawed selling people into slavery
to pay their debtDivided citizens into 4 groups based
on wealth: wealthiest 2 could hold office
Cleisthenes created the first democracy
Athenian Society• 3 class groups
– Citizens: extended to all those born in Athens, only the men had political rights
– Metics: born outside Athens, free and had to pay taxes but had no political rights and could not own land
– Slaves: captured in war, together with metics made up more than half of Athenian society
Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE
Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE
Persian WarsPersian WarsThe War begins: real vs Hollywood!
http://youtu.be/EmOH5f1J1Uc
Marathon (490 BCE)
26 miles from Athens
Thermopylae (480 BCE)
300 Spartans at the mountain pass
Death of Leonidas
Salamis (480 BCE)
Athenian navy victoriousFinal Victory: Battle of Plataea
http://youtu.be/Qsma7OGcp6A
Golden “Age of Pericles”:
460 BCE – 429 BCE
Golden “Age of Pericles”:
460 BCE – 429 BCE
The Delian League
Thasos
Naxos
Delos
Lesbos
Melos
The Age of Pericles
• Not only did Pericles bring great changes to the government of Greece, he also brought great changes to the nature of art and progress of his time.
• The great structures of Greece, The New Temple of Athena and the Parthenon among others, were built during his time. Not only did Pericles use these structures to change the face of Greek art and the cultural pulse of the nation but he also used them for political reasons as well.
Great Athenian Philosophers
Great Athenian Philosophers
Socrates Know thyself!
question everything
only the pursuit of goodnessbrings happiness.
Plato The Academy
The world of the FORMS
The Republic philosopher-king
Great Athenian Philosophers
Great Athenian Philosophers
$ Aristotle The Lyceum
“Golden Mean” [everything inmoderation].
Logic.
Scientific method.
Athens: The Arts & Sciences
Athens: The Arts & Sciences
DRAMA (tragedians): Aeschylus
Sophocles
Euripides
THE SCIENCES: Pythagoras
Democritus all matter made up of small atoms.
Hippocrates “Father of Medicine”
Phidias’ AcropolisPhidias’ Acropolis
The Acropolis TodayThe Acropolis Today
The ParthenonThe Parthenon
The AgoraThe Agora
The Classical Greek “Ideal”
The Classical Greek “Ideal”
OlympiaOlympia
The Ancient Olympics:
Athletes & Trainers
The Ancient Olympics:
Athletes & Trainers
Olympia: Temple to Hera
Olympia: Temple to Hera
The 2004 OlympicsThe 2004 Olympics
SPARTASPARTA
SPARTASPARTA
Helots Messenians enslaved by the Spartans.
Spartan society
• 3 social groups
– Equals: descended from the invaders, controlled Sparta
– Half-citizens: free, paid taxes and served in the army but had no political power, some farmed but others worked in the city as traders or artisans
– Helots: slaves, greatly outnumbered the other groups so Spartans used force to control them, in large part this is why Sparta became a military city-state
Spartan Government• Two kings led Sparta
– 1 king handled military– 1 king took care of domestic matters
• A council of Elders– Made up of 28 male citizens over the
age of 60– Proposed laws and served as a
criminal court
• An assembly – Included all male citizens over 30– Elected 5 ephors
• Made sure the kings stayed within the law• Elected for a 1 year term
– Controlled the education of Spartans
Peloponnesian WarsPeloponnesian Wars
Macedonia Under Philip II
Macedonia Under Philip II
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great’s EmpireAlexander the Great’s Empire
Alexander the Great in Persia
Alexander the Great in Persia
The Hellenization of Asia
The Hellenization of Asia
Pergamum: A Hellenistic CityPergamum: A Hellenistic City
The Economy of the Hellenistic World
The Economy of the Hellenistic World
Hellenistic PhilosophersHellenistic
PhilosophersCynics Diogenes
ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries.
citizens of the world.
live a humble, simple life.
Epicurians Epicurus
avoid pain & seek pleasure.
all excess leads to pain!
politics should be avoided.
Hellenistic PhilosophersHellenistic
PhilosophersStoics Zeno
nature is the expansion of divine will.
concept of natural law.
get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but toperform virtuous acts for the good of all.
true happiness is found ingreat achievements.
Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences
Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences
Scientists / Mathematicians:
Aristarchus heliocentric theory.
Euclid geometry
Archimedes pulley
Hellenistic Art:
More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art.
Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!
The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire
The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire