The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

Difficult Times for AmericaDifficult Times for America

What was the Great What was the Great Depression?Depression?

A worldwide economic crisisA worldwide economic crisis The crash of the stock marketThe crash of the stock market The failure of banks and businessesThe failure of banks and businesses America’s worst period of America’s worst period of

unemploymentunemployment A nightmare for the American DreamA nightmare for the American Dream A time of poverty and despairA time of poverty and despair

Stock Market CrashStock Market Crash

October 24, 1929October 24, 1929 Black ThursdayBlack Thursday PanicPanic Too many had Too many had

gambled by gambled by borrowing to buy borrowing to buy stockstock

Black Tuesday, Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, October 29, 1929, the beginning of the the beginning of the Great Depression Great Depression

Causes of the Great Causes of the Great DepressionDepression

Industries using machinery produced Industries using machinery produced surpluses of goods surpluses of goods

Low salaries prevented many from Low salaries prevented many from buying goodsbuying goods

Farmers had bad years and had to Farmers had bad years and had to borrow money from banksborrow money from banks

Huge farm surpluses caused a drop in Huge farm surpluses caused a drop in prices and losses to farmersprices and losses to farmers

Import tariffs discouraged trade with Import tariffs discouraged trade with foreign countriesforeign countries

The Crash ContinuesThe Crash Continues

Banks failedBanks failed Factories closedFactories closed Stores closedStores closed Crop prices fellCrop prices fell Jobs disappearedJobs disappeared Homes were lostHomes were lost

Some of the StatisticsSome of the Statistics

In 1931, 800 banks failed in 2 monthsIn 1931, 800 banks failed in 2 months In 1932 over 30,000 companies In 1932 over 30,000 companies

closedclosed Black unemployment rose to 56 % in Black unemployment rose to 56 % in

19321932 By 1933 salaries fell 40% and hourly By 1933 salaries fell 40% and hourly

wages fell 60%wages fell 60% By 1935, 10 to 20 thousand children By 1935, 10 to 20 thousand children

under the age of 10 worked in mills or under the age of 10 worked in mills or on farmson farms

People in the People in the DepressionDepression

EvictionsEvictions HungerHunger MalnutritionMalnutrition DiseaseDisease HobosHobos BreadlinesBreadlines

Sometimes Homeless Sometimes Homeless and Hungryand Hungry

Sometimes in a Sometimes in a Hooverville HomeHooverville Home

Sometimes Unable to Sometimes Unable to Find Work Find Work

Sometimes Sometimes PerseveringPersevering

Sometimes ContentSometimes Content

Sometimes LaughingSometimes Laughing

Sometimes EnduringSometimes Enduring

How Did the Great How Did the Great Depression End?Depression End?

Franklin D. Franklin D. RooseveltRoosevelt

Discontent with Discontent with Herbert HooverHerbert Hoover

Voters elected Voters elected Roosevelt to the Roosevelt to the presidency in 1932presidency in 1932

How Did the Great How Did the Great Depression End?Depression End?

Roosevelt and Roosevelt and advisors created advisors created the New Dealthe New Deal

Relief and Relief and recoveryrecovery

Public works Public works programs funded programs funded by governmentby government

Provided Provided thousands of jobsthousands of jobs

How Did the Great How Did the Great Depression End?Depression End?

World War IIWorld War II19411941

Increased Increased demand for demand for American goodsAmerican goods

The end of the The end of the Great Depression Great Depression

Bibliography and Bibliography and CreditsCredits

Photographs and posters are courtesy Photographs and posters are courtesy of the American Memory Collection of of the American Memory Collection of the Library of Congressthe Library of Congress

Bigger, Margaret G., ed. Bigger, Margaret G., ed. The Great The Great Depression—How We Coped, Worked Depression—How We Coped, Worked and Playedand Played. A. Borough Books: . A. Borough Books: Charlotte, NC, 2001.Charlotte, NC, 2001.

Farrell, Jacqueline. Farrell, Jacqueline. The Great The Great DepressionDepression. World History Series. . World History Series. Lucent Books: San Diego, 1996. Lucent Books: San Diego, 1996.

continuedcontinued

Gerdes, Louise I, ed. Gerdes, Louise I, ed. The 1930sThe 1930s. . Greenhaven Press: San Diego, Greenhaven Press: San Diego, 2000.2000.

McElvaine, Robert S. McElvaine, Robert S. The Great The Great Depression: America, 1929—1941Depression: America, 1929—1941. . Times Books: New York, 1984.Times Books: New York, 1984.

Mulvey, Deb, ed. Mulvey, Deb, ed. ‘We Had ‘We Had Everything But MoneyEverything But Money.’ Reminisce .’ Reminisce Books: Greendale, WI, 1992.Books: Greendale, WI, 1992.

Links to More Links to More InformationInformation

History of the Great DepressionHistory of the Great Depression

http://www.usembassy.de/usa/history-dhttp://www.usembassy.de/usa/history-depression.htmepression.htm

LinksLinks

The New DealThe New Deal

http://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/history/chttp://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/history/ch10.htmh10.htm

http://http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/index.htmlwww.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/index.html

Fireside chatsFireside chats

http://http://www.mhrcc.org/fdr/fdr.htmlwww.mhrcc.org/fdr/fdr.html

LinksLinks

BankingBanking

http://www.fdic.gov/about/learn/learninghttp://www.fdic.gov/about/learn/learning/when/1930s.html/when/1930s.html

LinksLinks

Dust BowlDust Bowl

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/dustbohttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/dustbowl/wl/

LinksLinks

HobosHobos

http://http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/rails/index.htwww.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/rails/index.htmlml

LinksLinks

HoovervillesHoovervilles

http://www.washington.edu/uwired/outreach/cspn/http://www.washington.edu/uwired/outreach/cspn/hstaa432/lesson_19/hooverville.htmlhstaa432/lesson_19/hooverville.html

http://www.historylink.org/galleries/nowthen/hoover.htmhttp://www.historylink.org/galleries/nowthen/hoover.htm

http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/strip/strip_nhttp://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/strip/strip_n24.html24.html

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/newyork/laic/episode6/topic1/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/newyork/laic/episode6/topic1/e6_t1_s3-hv.htmle6_t1_s3-hv.html

LinksLinks

BungalowsBungalows

http://www.sos.state.mi.us/history/http://www.sos.state.mi.us/history/museum/explore/museums/hismus/museum/explore/museums/hismus/1900-75/depressn/bungradi.html1900-75/depressn/bungradi.html

LinksLinks

Music, Arts, Fashion, etcMusic, Arts, Fashion, etc..

http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade30.hhttp://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade30.htmltml

http://www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/nehttp://www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/new_deal_for_the_arts/index.htmlw_deal_for_the_arts/index.html

LinksLinks

MoviesMovieshttp://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/FILM/filmfr.htmlhttp://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/FILM/filmfr.html

http://http://www.reelclassics.com/Actresses/Shirley/shirley.htwww.reelclassics.com/Actresses/Shirley/shirley.htmm

http://http://www.reelclassics.com/Movies/GWTW/GWTW.htmwww.reelclassics.com/Movies/GWTW/GWTW.htm

http://http://www.reelclassics.com/Movies/MrSmith/mrsmith.htwww.reelclassics.com/Movies/MrSmith/mrsmith.htmm

LinksLinks

Movies continuedMovies continued

http://www.reelclassics.com/Teams/Fredhttp://www.reelclassics.com/Teams/Fred&Ginger/fred&ginger7.htm&Ginger/fred&ginger7.htm

http://www.reelclassics.com/Musicals/Wihttp://www.reelclassics.com/Musicals/Wizoz/wizoz.htmzoz/wizoz.htm

http://www.filmsite.org/snow.htmlhttp://www.filmsite.org/snow.html

LinksLinks

RadioRadiohttp://www.radiohof.org/musicvariety/kahttp://www.radiohof.org/musicvariety/katesmith.htmltesmith.html

http://http://www.radiohof.org/adventuredrama/shadwww.radiohof.org/adventuredrama/shadow.htmlow.html

http://members.aol.com/jeff1070/wotw.hhttp://members.aol.com/jeff1070/wotw.htmltml

LinksLinks

ComicsComics

http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/PRINThttp://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/PRINT/comic/cartoon.html/comic/cartoon.html

LinksLinks

BreadlinesBreadlines

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/newyork/laic/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/newyork/laic/episode6/topic1/e6_t1_s2-bl.htmlepisode6/topic1/e6_t1_s2-bl.html

The EndThe End