THE GREAT PLAINS

Chapter 2 Lesson 2Social Studies 5th GradeMr. Vida

BELL RINGER!

How were tepees in the Great Plains similar and different to

longhouses in the Eastern Woodlands?

WHERE ARE WE?

Subtitle

WHAT WE WILL SEE HERE…Preview:The culture of the Great Plains people changed after the horse was introduced

Places:•Great Plains cultural region•Lame Deer, Montana

Vocabulary:•lodge•tepee•travois•powwow

NORTH AMERICA… AND HOME TO THE GREAT PLAINS INDIANSSubtitle

GREAT PLAINS CULTURAL REGIONS:

•The region was, and still is a very flat region

•100’s of years ago, much of it was covered in a sea of grass

•Unlike the Eastern Woodlands, few trees grew there

•Millions of Buffalo grazed there

GREAT PLAINS CULTURAL REGIONS:

GREAT PLAINS CULTURAL REGIONS:

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS:Tribes of the Great Plains included:1. Cheyenne2. Lakota (aka or “also known as” the

Sioux)3. Pawnee4. Osage

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS:•Most Plains people followed a hunting & farming life

•Because it was mostly dry, they settled their villages along rivers

•Here they could get water for their crops1. Corns2. Beans3. Squash4. pumpkins

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS:

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS:

•The plains people built lodges to live in

•Lodges were large, round huts, built over a deep hole

•The walls were made of earth, packed over a wood frame

•What is different between Plains & Eastern Woodlands housing?

COMPARE & CONTRAST HOUSING

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS:

•Buffalo were central to the lives of the Plains Indians

•They were a major source of meat

•Buffalo hides were made into clothing & blankets

•Buffalo horns were carved into bowls

•Even the stomachs were hung from 4 poles to be used as cooking pots

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

•Hunting the one ton, fast buffalo was done on foot

•They used bows and arrows, but it was a dangerous hunt

•So, they either crouched near them in animal disguises or stampeded them off of cliffs

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

•While on the hunt, they lived in tepees

•Women set up poles in a circle, coming together in a point

•The frames were covered in buffalo hides

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

•The poles were then used to make travois

•They were then lashed the load to 2 tepee poles and had dogs pull them

•Buffalo meat and other goods could be pulled

•A travois load could be up to 75 pounds!

LIFE ON THE GREAT PLAINS

CHEYENNE

•Very mobile Indian tribe of the Plains

•Spain brought horses to the Aztec region in the 1500’s

•Some broke free and wandered north, and in the 1700’s the Cheyenne tamed some of these wild horses

•They also found other horses by trade & raiding other tribes

CHEYENNE

CHEYENNE•With the horse, a single Cheyenne hunter could ride to along side a herd & take down a buffalo with his bow

•The horse made the Cheyenne much more moblie

•A horse drawn travois could pull 4 times the weight of a dog and also move twice as fast!

•IMPORTANT: The Cheyenne developed a way of life based on moving to different places in different seasons

CHEYENNE

•The horse became so important to the Cheyenne & other Plains Indians, that wealth was measured in horses

•Tribes raided other tribes to capture horses

•Riders became skilled in war as well in hunting

THE CHEYENNE TODAY

•About 12,000 Cheyenne live on the Great Plains

•Many live in present day Montana on reservations

THE CHEYENNE TODAY

•Many Cheyenne still follow their traditions today

•Keeping their language and traditions alive

THE CHEYENNE TODAY

•Every 4th of July, the North Cheyenne powwow is held in Lame Deer, Montana

•Powwow is a gathering of American Indians

THE CHEYENNE TODAY

THE CHEYENNE TODAY

LESSON 2 REVIEW:1. Fill in the missing “cause” for the listed “effect”

cause effect

Plains Indians used horses to pull travois instead of dogs

Plains Indians built homes with dirt or buffalo hides

Buffalo were used to make tepees, clothing, blankets & bowls

Sometimes tribes raided other tribes for their horses

LESSON 2 REVIEW:1. Fill in the missing “cause” for the listed “effect”

cause effect

Plains Indians used horses to pull travois instead of dogs

Plains Indians built homes with dirt or buffalo hides

Buffalo were used to make tepees, clothing, blankets & bowls

Sometimes tribes raided other tribes for their horses

LESSON 2 REVIEW:1. Fill in the missing “cause” for the listed “effect”

cause effect

Plains Indians used horses to pull travois instead of dogs

Plains Indians built homes with dirt or buffalo hides

Buffalo were used to make tepees, clothing, blankets & bowls

Sometimes tribes raided other tribes for their horses

LESSON 2 REVIEW:1. Fill in the missing “cause” for the listed “effect”

cause effect

Plains Indians used horses to pull travois instead of dogs

Plains Indians built homes with dirt or buffalo hides

Buffalo were used to make tepees, clothing, blankets & bowls

Sometimes tribes raided other tribes for their horses

LESSON 2 REVIEW:1. Fill in the missing “cause” for the listed “effect”

cause effect

Plains Indians used horses to pull travois instead of dogs

Plains Indians built homes with dirt or buffalo hides

Buffalo were used to make tepees, clothing, blankets & bowls

Sometimes tribes raided other tribes for their horses

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

2. How did the travois help move goods?

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

2. How did the travois help move goods?

ANSWER

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

3. In what ways did the arrival of the horse change the way of life for the Plains Indians?

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

3. In what ways did the arrival of the horse change the way of life for the Plains Indians?

ANSWER

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

4. If you were a leader of the Cheyenne, how might you decide when it was time to move the settlement to a new area?

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

4. If you were a leader of the Cheyenne, how might you decide when it was time to move the settlement to a new area?

ANSWER

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

5. Where are the Cheyenne reservations located today?

LESSON 2 REVIEW:

5. Where are the Cheyenne reservations located today?

ANSWER