The Great Wall of China

By Meg GeglerHistory Orange

Basics

• Name means long city/fortress• Built over 2,000 years ago by Qin Shi

Huangdi (1st emperor)• Asia- Pacific Region• 4,000 miles long (21,120,000ft)• Shanhaiuguan to Lop Nur• Rebuilt, built, and maintained• Between 5th century B.C. and 16th century

History

• Advanced techniques of architecture• Spring and Autumn Period• Warring States Period: Qi, Zhao, Yan states-

built protection– Objective: defend their boarders

• Qin in 221BC- conquered 7 states, demanded new walls to connect– Objective: to protect from the Xiongnu

• Enlarged during Ming Dynasty, along with many other dynasties

Legacy

• Other walls were built over time• Other walls referred to as “The Great Wall”• Some currently remain• One built during the Ming Dynasty,(1368-

1644)• North of the actual Great Wall• Took a total of 1,400 years to build

The Building Process

• Well aware of techniques• Gravel between board frames• Built to be spear and sword proof• Transporting materials was difficult, used local

resources for support• Peasants who died during the process were buried

within the wall

• 2-3 million Chinese died while building the Ming Wall• Building concept by Ming Dynasty• Spring and Autumn Period

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Was the wall successful?

• Mongols (an ethnic group) broke through wall

• Mings– Fought back– Took over China– Wall was rebuilt

Defense of the Great Wall

• January 1st, 1933- May 31st, 1933• Campaign• Republic of China and Empire of Japan• Japan captured providence, Inner Mongolian,

Rehe• From Zhang Xueliang (Warlord of China)• Japan attached the providence to Manchukuo

(new state)• State’s southern frontier was then improved

and extended to the actually Great Wall of China

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Xiongnu Of Central Asia

• Alliance of nomadic tribes, became the Huns• Wall was built to keep them out of China and

Chinese Empire• Continuous attacks throughout dynasties• Wanted to get into China because:

– Of successful agriculture?– Of land?

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Ode to the Great WallBy Liu Zhishan

Built upon miles and miles of mountains,

Dotted with strong fortresses both on hilltops and ridges.

Weathering three thousand years of wind and rain,

Transforms into dancing dragon in earth’s hilly fore

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Resources

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Wall_of_China

• http://www.travelchinaguide.com/china_great_wall/history/

• http://www.kinabaloo.com/great_wall.html• http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/

greatwall/Allabout.html