The Handbookon Finland

GeographyThe republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in northeastern Europe.There are about 5.4 million people in Finland, almost half of the country is covered by trees.

Neighbours

Finland shares borders :

With Russia on the east side.

With Sweden on the northwest side.

With Norway on the north side.

The Seas that surround Finland

The Baltic Sea is located on the southwest of Finland.

On the southeast is where the Gulf of Finland is located.

The Gulf of Bothnia is on the west side of the country.

The Arctic Ocean is on the north part of Finland just above the head

MountainsThe highest mountain in Finland

is Haltitunturi.The mountain measures up to

1324 meters high. Haltitunturi is located in the

Scandinavian mountains.

LakesFinland is known as the land of the thousand lakes.Almost 10% of the country surface is covered by water.

Saimaa Lake Saimaa is the largest lake

in Finland.It is the fourth largest lake in

Europe.Saimaa covers up to 4377 km²

Lappland is a territory in the north of Finland.

This territory is inhabited by the Sami tribes.

It is the least populated part of Finland.

The land of the midnight sun

National parksin Finland

Basic information

There are 37 national parks in Finland.They are all controlled and managed by Metsähallitus.

The NP‘s cover 2,7% of total land area.

Map of NP‘s

KoliNationalPark

The next one, there are bears who live here. Park has two ski resorts.

Eastern part of the country.30 square kilometres

There are forested hills, pine forests and siliceous rocks which created beautiful picturesque.

Oulanka National ParkThe most beatiful

and the largest park in Finlandwithout human action for 100y.

There are mountains and nice Nordic nature, because it is located near the Arctic Circle.It‘s called Oulanka according to river which flows through the area and cutting into the rocks and creating a canyon valley.

Wolf, lynx, fox, brown bear live there.You can collect: strawberries, blackberries, blueberries...

Hiking trail: Bear‘s Ring is a tourist information center of University of Oulu. The visitors can get some interesting informations about a history and nature of this park.

LemmenjokiNational Park

You can rent a boat for a trip along a dangerous river. It‘s a strong experience.Brown bear and golden eagle live there.

The bestdestinationfor peoplewho enjoy hiking. The biggest park in FinlandUninhabited and without roadsThere are marked trails, campfire places.You can rent a wilderness hut and enjoy trekking into the wilderness.

Finnish language

Some boring informations and definitions

About 5, 5 milion people use this language as an official language.

Finnish language is surprisingly the most usefull in Finland.

However you can even meet people speak in Finnish language in Sweden and places of russian Karelia.

It is Finno-Ugrian language and people say that it is one of the most difficult languages, but let's go find out they are kidding!

Our short Finnish lesson is coming :)

How can we say hello to our friends?

JUST SAY MOI!!!

How can we greet teachers?

Hyvää huomenta! Good morning!Hyvää päivää! Good afternoon!Hyvää iltaa! Good evening!

If we are in Finland, just say MOI, but in our country we should use this greetings for our teachers:

How can we introduce ourself?

Mikä sun nimi on?Mun nimi on...

Nice to meet you :))

Hauska tutustua!

NO = eiYES = kyllä or just say JOO it's the same :) I've mentioned it, don't worry Finnish language is easier than do you

think :)

Do you wanna agree or disagree?

Do you still think that Finnish language is so easy?

Try to say this:

Vesihiisi sihisi sinisessä hississä.

Are you tired? Try to say this :)

Hyvää yötä! Good night!

Do you remember anything?

Don't worry, me neither! :))

FINNISH HISTORY

Prehistoric time in Finland The end of the ice age about 11, 000 years agoWas populated 8 900 BC.Sources of livelihood: hunting, fishing and seal hunting.

Finland under Swedish rule1150-1809

Regions in Finland were captured by Sweden on crusades.Finnish people were circled by Catholic religion from west and Greek Catholic religion from east.The name ’’Finland’’ has been used since 15th centuryCatholic religion gave way to Lutheranism in the 16th century because of reformation.

Finland under Russian rule1809-1917

Finland got the autonomy from the emperor of Russia, Aleksanteri. IJyväskylä was founded in 1837 by Nikolai I.During the years 1894-1917 Nikolai II tried to make Finnish people more like Russian people but Finns faught against it.Revolution began in Russia.

Edvard Isto 1899

Independent FinlandFinland became independent on 6th of December in 1917.Civil war in 1918. During the Second World War there were three wars in Finland: Winter War (1939-1940), Continuation War (1941-1944) and Lapland War (1944-1945).Finland joined European Union in 1995 and Euro was put to use in 2002.

Festivals in Finland

Joulu = Christmas

Christmas EveBreakfast - rice pudding with sugar, ciannamon and cold milkDecorating of the tree, cooking of lunch and dinnerPlaying games, singing carols

Dinner - starter - salmon or herring - christmas ham (kinkku) and carrot with turnip - desert - berry puding and gingerbread

Going to the cemetery, lighting candlesArrival of the Joulupukki

Christmas Day and Boxing Day

●Visiting relatives●Sledging●Eating sweets●Reading books●Going to the church

New Year

champagne and fireworks

Vappu - 1st May

festival of the studentsstudents wear white capslots of ballonsdrinking of simaeating of donuts

Vappu - 1st May

Juhannus - Midsummer

Saturday in the term of 20th - 26th JuneFly flags everywhereBarbecue, bonfires at visible places

Juhannus - Midsummer

Independence day

celebrated on 6th Decemberpresident‘s speech in Helsinki

FINNISH MUSIC

DIVISION●FOLK MUSIC●CLASSICAL AND ART MUSIC●POPULAR MUSIC

FOLK MUSICIs typically influenced by lyrics of the Kalevala.It‘s the purest expression of Finnish myths and beliefs.This type of singing was used to tell stories about heroes.

CLASSICAL AND ART MUSICThe most famous Finnish composer is Jean Sibelius, who composed Finlandia, which played its important role in Finland gaining independence. He is a symbol of the nation.

POPULAR MUSIC●Rock ●Heavy Metal ●Hip-Hop & rap ●Pop

ROCK●arrived in Finland in the 1950s ●a lot of Finnish bands tend to write their lyrics in English now●Apulanta●Sunrise Avenue

HEAVY METALFinland is known for its many heavy metal acts, including many from the death metal, black metal, folk metal, power metal, cello metal or symphonic metal sub-genres =D.NightwishLordiThe RasmusApocalyptica

POP

Is very popular in Finland and they all primarily sing in Finnish.ChisuAnna PuuRobin

Hip hop & rapRap music began to be produced in Finland in the 1980s.The lyrics are usually in Finnish.Petri NygårdCheekRuudolfAsa

Finnish literature

WritersTove Jansson (1914-2001)Artist, writer, author of comics Author of MoominsReceived an award of H. C. Andersen

Aleksis Kivi● Finnish national writer● known as ”the father of Finnish literature”● his best-known books are ”Seitsemän veljestä”, ”Nummisuutarit”

The Canine Kalevala (Dog´s village)

Long, Long time ago in a forest called Kalevala lived wild dogs and wolves. Among these groups lived a clan of small cats.They had a long-running fight because they wanted to rule the forest.

Mika Waltari (1908-1979)

Writer, journalist, playwrightAuthor of Sinuhet (Sinuhe egyptiläinen)He is the most known finnish writer

"Rich is not he who has the gold and silver, but who is content with little.“

Mauri Kunnas (*1950 till now)

Finnish cartoonist (Kalevala-national epos).

His wife is famous singer Tarja, she sang in metal group Nightwish.

Finnish food

What is typical for Finland? Healthy food!!!

Karelian rice pasties

It is easy to do!And it is delicious snack...

Rye dough

400 ml rye flour

150 ml plain flour

1 tsp salt

200 ml waterrye flour plain flour

salt water

Rice mixture500 ml water

2 spoon of butter

250 ml rice

1 litre milk

1 1/2 tee spoon of salt

butter milk

rice

Put the water, rice and butter into a saucepan. Boil for 10 minutes

10 min.

Add milk,salt and braise about 50 minutes

50 min.

Mix flour, salt and water together. Roll the dough

Cut into circles of 8 cm Fill the crusts with rice.Turn 1 cm of the side

Bake the pasties at 300°C for 15-20 minutes.

300°

15-20 min.

...and eat.