Remote Monitoring andData vs. Monte Carlo Comparison

for the HAWC ExperimentJennifer Ranta

Michigan State UniversityREU Summer 2014

The HAWC Experiment High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC)

Detection of high-energy gamma rays (photons) primarily, but also cosmic rays (protons, mostly)

Sources in energy range 100 GeV to 100 TeV

Able to observe:

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) Compact object (black holes, neutron stars) mergers Core collapse supernovae No TeV photons have been seen from GRBs to date (max 120

GeV)

Other Gev - TeV emitters in our galactic neighborhood & beyond!

Always on! And very wide field of view

Map out the sky in the GeV - TeV range as never before

Principle: Cherenkov Radiation in water

The HAWC Detector300 tanks of water each with a light-tight

bladder & 4 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs)

to detect Cherenkov light

Currently have 250 tanks, plan to finish the remaining 50 tanks by the

end of this winter. Have been taking data however for over 2

years already!

At 4,100m, HAWC should be able to detect more and lower energy events than Milagro. HAWC is located in Mexico, in the valley between extinct and dormant volcanoes Sierra

Negra and Pico de Orizaba (respectively)

Remaining 50 tanks to beconstructed will be built here, finalizing the array of 300 tanks

Counting House (where electronics are located)

HAWCmon HAWC experiment involves countless components &

instruments and many universities (in the U.S. and Mexico)

Not in a particularly easily accessible location for most collaborators

Need a remote monitoring

system!

HAWCmon! With this website,

HAWC members can check the

status of the detector and its

numerous components from

anywhere!

Shift Wizard

There’s about 150 people on HAWC, so at least 1 person must always be designated to be responsible for remotely checking detector

But how to make it so everyone on HAWC, not just the experts, know what to look for?

“Shift Wizard” added to HAWCmon system However, it only had 2 questions... Now has 27 (complete with links and plots)!

Screen Shots of Shift Wizard

HV Measurements

High Voltage (HV) measurements missing Finally arrive...but measurement names are

unhelpful 64 channels x 2 values (voltage and current)

= 128 entries descriptively renamed Now include channel number, associated

tanks, warning level values, and alarm level values

Example: hv-1_u6_v W7, Tanks N17, O17

Red boxes indicate which columns were edited

Changing HV Names

Connectivity Database

MANY pieces of equipment = MANY connections

Need to know what is connected to where for error diagnosis and repair

My task: Which PMT is connected to where in which Front End Board (FEB) Crate = 1,200 Connections

There are 1,200 PMTs (4 per tank labeled A, B, C, & D with 300 tanks) and currently 4 FEB Crates

20 Slots per FEB Crate

16 Channels per Slot

???

Type of connection

Select which (of all 1,200) PMT is the source of the connection

Select the destination of the connection (i.e. where the PMT is physically connected to). Must find the correct Crate, Slot, and Channel Number

Enter the date and time the connection began (or was entered in this case)

Select name of individual adding the connection

Data versus Monte Carlo

Reconstruction code calibrated/tested using Monte Carlo simulated data

But how close are the simulated data to the actual data?

Need to be pretty close for the reconstruction code to work properly on actual data from HAWC

Crab Calibration The Crab Nebula is a very well observed cosmological

object so we know what types of signal/flux & data we should be seeing from it MC data should simulate this well!

We know where in the sky the Crab is & when it should be in our field of view. Thus, take this selected data to see how HAWC is viewing the Crab & if it matches what we should be seeing

We aren't yet seeing it how we should....

BUT, the HAWC detector is still under construction, is the first detector of its kind, and thus is still trying to be fully understood

Red = MC DataBlack = Actual Data

Some Variables Analyzed

rec.nHitTot rec.nTankHit rec.logNPE rec.coreX rec.coreY

rec.CxPE40 rec.CoreAmplitude rec.logMaxPE rec.showerAge rec.zenithAngle

Next Steps

Why is Monte Carlo data so different? How to fix it?

Has HAWC seen the GRBs we expect it to have been able to see? Hope is to have HAWC see GRBs and send alerts to other

experiments/detectors to look at it, too

Improve gamma vs. hadron separation code (to extract gamma ray events from the plethora of cosmic rays)

Improve reconstruction code (especially based off of better Monte Carlo data)

Conclusions

Functional Shift Wizard convenient for all HAWC members

HV measurements can be deciphered easily

PMT FEB connections are implemented into the Connectivity Database

Monte Carlo simulated data is not as comparable to the actual data as we need Detector not simulated properly? Detector construction & understanding is still

an ongoing process!

Special Thanks

Dr. Kirsten Tollefson Dr. Jim LinnemannUkwatta (postdoc)

Sam Marinelli (graduate student) HAWC Collaboration

Michigan State UniversityNational Science Foundation

Additional Slides

PBH Calculations

Primordial Black Hole paper regarding HAWC’s sensitivity to seeing PBHs

Mass accretion significant when compared to the mass loss rate?

Bondi accretion vs. Hawking radiation Turns out there is a difference of 30 orders

of magnitude in the amount of grams per sec lost versus gained….so mass accretion is negligible and does not need to be included in paper

PMTs in each of HAWC’s

300 tanks are arranged to maximize ability to detect

Cherenkov light (shown

here in green)

emitted from incoming particles

(shown here in red)

Sources for Shift Wizard Question Ideas

Milagro Shift Log

Predecessor experiment (similar measurement types)

University of Maryland's monitoring page

Had some data and plots that were not on HAWCmon yet

General comments/requests from HAWC team members about what they'd like to see in a Shift Wizard

HV Renaming Information

PMT FEB Information Electronics Configuration page

Source Location

Based on the timing of when PMTs where hit, the angle of the shower can be

calculated. Thus , the original

particle came from the direction perpendicular to the shower front.

This is how HAWC’s

measurements can show where the high energy gamma rays are

coming from

Tim

e f

rom

firs

t im

pact

Data used in MC Comparison

crab-v1-26-00-high-nChan_cut.root

This data was taken when the Crab Nebula was within HAWC’s field of view at some point and thus have a significant read out of the Crab