the health status of americans in the 21 st century: how we got here
TRANSCRIPT
The Health Status of Americans in the 21st Century: How we got here
Life Expectancy in the history
Roman Empire – 22 Middle Ages in Europe – 33 American Revolution – 36 1900 – 47 Currently – women 79 and men 72 39% of women living today and 21% of men can
expect to celebrate their 85th birthday Projections for 2050 – women 85.6, men 79.7
Leading Causes of Death in the U.S. in 1900
Leading Causes of Death, U.S. 2010
Leading Causes of Death in North Carolina, 2011
Three Eras of Public Health In America
Age of Environment 1875 -1930
Age of Medicine 1931-1960
Age of Lifestyle 1961 - Today
Ten Great Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century
Age of the Environment (1875-1930) City Health Department Control of infectious disease Pasteurization of Milk Public Health Campaigns Development of Sanitary Sewers Safer and healthier food Safer workplaces Fluoridation of drinking water
Ten Great Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century
Age of Medicine (1931 – 1960) Antibiotics
Sulfa Drugs Penicillin Anti-TB Drugs
Open Heart Surgery/CABG Vaccines for Diphtheria, Whooping Cough and Polio Radiation and chemotherapy for cancer Flouridation of drinking water
Ten Great Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century
Age of Lifestyle (1961 – Present)
The first Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health
Recognition of the importance of exercise and health Recognition of the preventive nutrition Re-emergence of behaviorally-related infectious
disease Motor Vehicle Safety Oral Contraception/family planning
Click here to read about the Ten Great Public Health Achievements --- United States, 2001— 2010
Causes of All Deaths in the U.S., 2010
CardiovascularDisease
32%
Cancer23%
COPD5%
Diabetes3%
Other Causes36%
Chronic diseases account for 75%
of the $1.8 trillion we spend
on healthcareMore than 125 million
Americans live with chronic conditions, and millions of
new cases are diagnosed each year
More than 1.7 million Americans die of a More than 1.7 million Americans die of a chronic disease each yearchronic disease each year
The Burden of Chronic Disease
Actual Causes of Death in the United States, 2000Mokdad, AH, et al (2004). JAMA, 291, 1238-1246.
Causes Number PercentageTobacco 400,000 18.1%Poor Diet/Physical Activity 300,000 16.6%Alcohol Consumption 100,000 3.5%Microbial Agents 90,000 3.1%Toxic Agents (pollutants) 60,000 2.3%Motor Vehicles 43,000 1.8%Firearms 29,000 1.2%Sexual Behavior 20,000 0.8%Illicit Drug Use 17,000 0.7%
04/19/23
Lifestyle
The sum of decisions made by individual that impact their health. These decisions may affect health negatively by creating self-imposed risk or positively by creating protective factors.
