The Hole

THEIR DISOVERY, LOCATION, AND THE

PROBLEMS THEY CAUSE

In the Ozone layer

By Amrik Sadhra

What, oh what, is the Ozone layer?

Composed of O3

Protects Life on earth

Located Close to Earth Between 6 and 10

miles above the Earth's surface and extends up

to about 30 miles.

Stops damaging wavelengthsCausing mutations in DNA

Keeps UV outActs as a barrier against

UV radiation.

Contains relatively high concentrations of Ozone

(Trioxygen)

Where, oh where, is the Ozone Layer?

The Atmosphere Has layers

Ogres have layers.

Ozone is found in the lower portion of the

stratosphere

When, oh when, was the hole discovered?

Scientists discovered that since the mid 1970s ozone values over Halley and Faraday research stations had been steadily dropping when the sun reappeared each spring.

Scientists from British Antarctic Survey began monitoring ozone during the International Geophysical Year of 1957–58.

The Discoverers

Joesph Farman , Brian Gardiner, and Jonathan Shanklin

How was the hole discovered?

Balloon goes up,Results come

down.

Where are the holes?

Many were worried that ozone holes might start to appear over other areas of the globe but the only other large-scale depletion is a small ozone “dimple” observed during the Arctic spring over the North Pole.

Really just Antarctica.(But sometimes it spreads)

Why Antarctica?

Chemical reactions on polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) in the

cold Antarctic stratosphere caused a massive, though localized and

seasonal, increase in the amount of chlorine present in active, ozone-

destroying forms.

These clouds are only formed when there are very low temperatures, as low as −80 °C. In such conditions

the ice crystals of the cloud provide a suitable surface for conversion of unreactive chlorine compounds into reactive chlorine compounds, which

can deplete ozone easily.

Problems the hole causes

Biological

Allows damaging UV wavelengthsThrough Earths atmosphere

Problems the hole causes

Environmental

UV kills many crops by destroying the bacteria thatRetain nitrogen on the roots of many plants

Phytoplankton form the foundation of aquatic food webs, and production of them is negatively

impacted by UV light

UV radiation has been found to cause damage to the early developmental stages of fish,

shrimp, crab, amphibians and other animals