The Integumentary

System Skin Nail Hair

SKIN TERMS

1.Epidermis2.Dermis3.Subcutaneo

us layer4.Melanin5.Pores6.Sebum

7. Dermatologist8. Hair follicles9. Oil glands10. Sweat glands11. Adipose

tissue

Functions of Skin in brief Shields against water

Defends against germsPrevents bacteria & viruses from

entering the bodyMaintains homeostasisSweating/shivering

Provides sensory inputHeat, pressure, pain, touch…

Formation of vitamin D

Parts of Skina) Epidermis: outermost

layerb) Dermis: thick inner layerc) Subcutaneous layer

(hypodermis): layer of fat tissue or adipose tissue

Taking Care of SkinHealthy skin is the result of:

Taking shower regularlyUse of very mild, moisturizing soapUse of deodorant and/or antiperspirantUse of antibacterial soap to clean your face to prevent acneUse of sunscreen to prevent sunburn

Types of AcneWhitehead: a pore that is plugged with sebum(oil).Blackhead: a pore that is plugged with sebum and exposed to air.Pimple: a clogged pore that is filled with pus.

Common Skin ProblemsAcne (caused by bacteria)Cold sores (caused by herpes virus) small, painful blisters commonly called cold sores or fever blisters.Dandruff (dead skin cells of the scalp)Ingrown toenailsSunburn (UV rays)

Common Skin ProblemsRingworm (caused by fungus)Athlete’s foot (caused by fungus)Head lice (insects)

Skin ProblemsSunburn:

Sunburn is caused by ultraviolet rays.Ultraviolet rays come from sunlight.The lighter the skin is, the faster it burns.Ultraviolet rays make skin age and wrinkle faster.Sunburn can lead to skin cancer.

MOLES & Freckles Moles are very common spots on the skin. These are cells with high concentration of melanin.If you notice changes in a mole's color, height, size, or shape, you should have a dermatologist evaluate it.

Ultraviolet Rays

Your Hair

Made of dead cellsThe roots are in the dermis, located in small pockets called folliclesGets its color from melaninCan be wavy, curly, or straight

Your NailsDead cells that grow out of living tissueCuticle: a nonliving band of epidermis that grows around the nail

Mouth & TeethoTastingoDigestion: teeth crush and grind food, saliva moistens and chemically breaks it down

oSpeech

The ToothA. Crown: the

part you see B. Neck: part

between crown & root

C. Root: part of tooth inside the gum

Problems of the Teeth & MouthTooth decay or cavities are holes, or structural damage, in the teethGingivitis (gums become red and swollen and might bleed)Malocclusion (teeth in upper and lower jaws do not align properly)Halitosis (bad breath)

What causes tooth decay?

Poor diets (eating a lot of sugar)SmokingLack of good oral hygiene (not brushing/flossing)Irregular/not visiting the dentist

Taking Care of Your Teeth & Mouth1. Brush your teeth properly

after eating.2. Floss between your teeth.3. Reserve starchy foods & foods

high in sugar for mealtimes.4. Have regular dental checkups.