© I C S R A 2 0 1 7

The Icelandic Model

Implementation and adaptation

J ON S IG FUSSON

ICELAND IC CENTRE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

ICSRA / D P CC

Development of the Model

The pillars of success in practice

International work processes and coordination

How to get started

Opportunities and outcomes

The To-DO list

2

About ICSRA

3

Our main projects

Youth in Iceland from 1992

Youth in Europe from 2006

4

Youth in Iceland database 1992 - 2017

5

One of the most comprehensive databases on youth

world wide.

Creates the knowledge behind the models.

School participation

All primary schools participate (150) 10-16 year old

Response rate around 85%

All high schools participate (30) 16-20 year old

Response rate +70%

6

Over 500 thousand questionnaires

One of the most comprehensive databases about adolescents worldwide

7

Youth in Iceland – The “Lab“

Practical use of findings Cooperation in municipalities with 85% of total population

Guidance programs – long term

Local reports with status + risk/protective factors

Follow up after each data collection in local meetings

Support local prevention work with evidence

8

Remember these guys?

9

International development of the Model

10

Youth in Europe – A Drug Prevention Program initiated in 2006

11

42

35

32 33

26 28

26

22 23

19

16 15 14 14 12

11

17

15

12 11 12 13

9 9

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

%

From 1998 to 2005 substance

use had gone down by 50% in 8

years in Iceland amongst 15-16

year adolescents.

We were asked: WHY?

Participation in 2006

• 8 municipalities / communities • 6 countries

What is the commitment?

Participation until 2017

14

35 communities / municipalities 18 countries 140 thousand questionnaires (YiE) Over 9 million questions answered

Cities in 18 countries in Europe

15

Portugal, Spain, France, Malta, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Slovakia, Romania,

Moldova, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Russia, Sweden, Norway,

Faroe Islands

What is the commitment?

17

The Atlantic

AFP

Guardian

BBC

Mosaic

Independent

Huffingtonpost

18

The Atlantic

AFP

Guardian

BBC

Mosaic

Independent

Huffingtonpost

Requests for cooperation / information

Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia,

Ecuador, England, Guinea Bissau, Hungary, India, Ireland, Israel, Kenya, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Peru, Philippines, Scotland, Serbia,

Ukraine, USA, Venezuela, Wales 19

The pillars of success in practice – Key factors

20

The three “logical” pillars of success

Evidence

Community

Dialogue

Immediate local feedback

Practical information out immediately after data collection

Not 3-4 years later but almost immediately

Every school, every parent, every prevention worker should have access to current situation in their close community

22

Comments from the YiE cities… “Data from research is now used as a basis for desicion making“ “Information from data is already having impact on policymaking“ “YiE method is a successful step in drug prevention“ “Empirical data is of vital support in our work today“

Cultural differences?

24

Questionnaires

Theoretically based core questions that must be asked

Questionnaires adapted to the various cultural areas

25

Taboo´s

Questions that are not allowed to ask?

26

Difference in risk and protective factors?

Not really

27

International work processes and coordination

28

30

Data Processing and Coordination Center (DPCC)

Coordinated work processes Youth in Iceland: All the work entierly in our hands. We held all the threads.

Youth in Europe: Data collected by different institutions in many countries.

Precise information for every step of the way.

32

Why coordinated processes

Quality standards

Best possible data

Comparable between communities

Maximizing response rates

Crucial for scientific papers

Cross cultural Co-ordination

Local training, Translation methods,

Questionnaires, Sampling, Printing, Layout,

Implementation, School approach, Optical

scanning, Delivery of data to Data processing and

coordination center (DPCC), Quality control,

Reports and data, and more

Twenty five step coordination

Guidance

35

Hands on cooperation for five years for best results.

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd

Chronological order of work processes COMMUNITY / MUNICIPALITY

Appointing of contact person

Appointing of local work team

Translation of questionnaire / Back translation

Drawing of a sample (where needed)

School contact and preparation of questionnaire implementation

ICSRA / DATA PROCESSING CENTER

Local training on methodology and coordination

Joint questionnaire preparation

Coordinated questionnaire layout in all languages / setup

Guidelines for school approach

Guidelines for questionnaire printing

36

Cont.

COMMUNITY / MUNICIPALITY

Printing of questionnaire and confidentialy envelopes

Delivery of questionnaires to schools

Scanning of questionnaires to PDF/TIFF

Delivery of files to cloud

Technical report

ICSRA / DATA PROCESSING CENTER

Optical data capturing

Verifying of data / quality control

Data cleaning / data processing

Delivery of full report / descriptive

Delivery of dataset

Follow-up seminar / Conference

37

Overview of adolescents lives Substance use – all categories

Parental factors – support, monitoring, caring, warmth and more

Peer group effect

Leisure time – sports, youth activities

Mental and physical health

38

Indicators

Health status indicators, anxiety, depressive symptoms,

physical health status, lifestyle and leisure time activities,

local community networks, negative life events and strain,

parents and family, peer group economic and psychological

issues, studies and school, substance use, values and

attitudes, violence and delinquency, and more…

39

“First time we see the actual status of youth in the community“.

40

Cross tabulations

41

33 33

26 24 23 21 18 18

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Your city All cities

%

Students that have become drunk during the past 30 days

Caring and warmth from parents

Very difficult

Rather difficult

Rather easy

Very easy

Substance use / Alcohol drunk last 30 days

42

24,3 22,2 17,1 17,6

20,5 19,8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Your city All cities

%

Drunk - Once or more during the past 30 days

Boys Girls Total

Blind comparison for benchmarking

43

4 7

8 8 10 10 11

12 14 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 17

19 20 20 21 22

27 28 29 30 30 31 32

34

44

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

FS

%

Sport participation

44

56

14

8 6 4

12

50

11 9 10 9 11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Almost never Once a week Twice a week 3 times a week 4-6 times a week Almost every day

%

Engagement in sports

Your city All cities

Parental factors

10

21

10

14 12

23

15 16

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Caring and warmth Discussions about personalaffairs

Advice about the studies Advice about other issues

%

To receive the following from parents

Your city All cities

How to get started

46

The first step is always to do the mapping in the relevant community / municipality

Nothing happens without the local information, status and risk/protective factors

47

First step in the work in a community

Evidence about the situation amongst youth

An overview of childrens and adolescents lives

Who are the risk and protective factors?

After that the work can begin – based on evidence

48

Indicators

Health status indicators, anxiety, depressive symptoms,

physical health status, lifestyle and leisure time activities,

local community networks, negative life events and strain,

parents and family, peer group economic and psychological

issues, studies and school, substance use, values and

attitudes, violence and delinquency, and more…

49

Municipalities become members

Fees for the full guidance program for 5 years?

Seven to ten thousand Euros pr. annum average

For the full program, guidance and support

Opportunities and outcomes

51

Use a proven methodology to reduce childrens substance use

Create a tool to work with on a local and national level

Strengthen collaboration using fresh and interesting data

Bring together people working in different fields

Change the living environment of children for the better

Improve health and well-being of children

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The To-Do list

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The To-Do list Map the situation in the local conditions

From the data find the local risk and protective factors

Address these factors through local community work

Form local networks from all institutions of the municipality

Give immediate, practical information out quickly

Measure regularly

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Thank you!