the immune system. vocabulary! 1.pathogen 2.immune system 3.mucous membrane 4.phagocytes 5.spleen...
TRANSCRIPT
The Immune System
Vocabulary!
1. Pathogen2. Immune System3. Mucous Membrane4. Phagocytes5. Spleen 6. Lymph Nodes7. Antigen8. Histamine9. Autoimmune Disease
Slide of Human Blood• Draw all the different
types of cells you see.
The Body’s Defense Systems
NonSpecific Defenses
Specific Defenses
The function of the Immune System is to fight infection through the production of cells that inactivate foreign substances or cells. This is called
IMMUNITY.
Nonspecific Defenses
• A PATHOGEN is any agent that causes disease.• Nonspecific Defenses help protect the body against any pathogen
regardless of the pathogen’s identity.• First Line of Defense—BARRIERS---• The SKIN! The SKIN is your body’s most important nonspecific
defense! If pathogens can’t enter the body they can’t infect us.• The skin also produces sweat and oils which are toxic to some
pathogens.• MUCOUS MEMBRANES! Serve as a barrier for sensitive regions (eyes,
nose,etc) and secrete sticky, mucus which traps many pathogens.
Nonspecific Defenses Cont.• If a pathogen gets past the skin or mucous membranes…it will
stimulate an INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE• INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE—2nd Line of Defense:
1. Pathogen enters, chemical messengers called HISTAMINES are released, causing blood to flow to the injured area. This causes redness, swelling, warmth, and pain.
2. White blood cells (called phagocytes) are drawn to the Histamines and attack the pathogens that have entered the body.
3. Phagocytes ingest and destroy the pathogens.
Insert pictures of immune response
Insert real images of different white blood cells
Immune Review #1
Specific Defenses: Immune System
• The IMMUNE SYSTEM are the cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body.• Immune System is comprised of white blood cells, bone
marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, and adenoids.• Lymph Nodes located throughout the body contain
Lymphocytes (white blood cells—B Cells or T cells)• The SPLEEN stores healthy blood cells, breaks down old red
blood cells, makes new white blood cells.
Immune System Coloring
Recognizing Pathogens
•An ANTIGEN is any substance that the immune system can recognize and react to, including pathogens.•When lymphocytes recognize a pathogen they bind to
it and attack= IMMUNE RESPONSE•During an immune response the immune system also
creates ‘memory cells’ which will ‘remember’ and be able to more quickly identify pathogens the next time they infect a body.
Crash Course Immune System
Problems of the Immune System
Asthma Allergies
Autoimmune Diseases
Allergies
•An allergy is a physical response to an antigen•Histamines are released•Symptoms include: runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes, itchy•ANTIHISTAMINES (Benadryl) can relieve the over-active symptoms
Asthma
• Asthma (often triggered by allergies or illness) is a respiratory disorder in which the airways narrow.
Autoimmune Diseases
•A disease that causes the immune system to attack itself is an AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE.•Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which
helper T cells (a type of white blood cell) attack the myelin sheath of nerve cells causing weakness, blurred vision, paralysis, and even death.
Mini-Research!
• With a partner—• Google, “autoimmune diseases” and choose 1.• Create a poster with the following info:• Name of Disease• Symptoms of Disease• Cause of Disease• Who gets it?• Treatment?
• You will Present to class!
Brain Pop! HIV
Immune Review #2
Operation Antibody
Frayer Diagram