the impact of dependence on gadget to people
TRANSCRIPT
THE IMPACT OF DEPENDENCE ON GADGET TO PEOPLE’S
FINANCIAL LEVELS
Irfan Eka Putra
State Polytechnic of Jakarta, Indonesia
Created as the Last Lesson of Academic Writing
Depok, December 2013
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THE IMPACT OF DEPENDENCE ON GADGET TO PEOPLE’S FINANCIAL LEVELS
Irfan Eka Putra
State Polytechnic of Jakarta
Abstract
This reports examined the effect of having gadget and using it on people’s daily activities
and the impact of those on their regular budget financial. Randomized netizen (internet
population) were asked about their regular condition in spending time with their gadget on three
terms—every time mostly, depend on situation, rarely / seldom. It also been asked how much
money has been spent for it. We predicted that dependence on gadget should take impact on
their finance levels, remind that every gadget need some internet connection and data package
to operate. However, participant got the questionnaire given by cloud data and spread using
social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.).
A. Introduction
In recent years, our views of life on the Earth, of ourselves as individuals and of the
Universe have drastically changed. Modern technology depends on advances in pure science.
Technology provides science with more accurate instruments for research. Scientific
developments create opportunities for satisfying needs and desires of the people and for
making their life easier. It is good that nowadays every man can call their friends or relatives
from any place he is. Modern gadgets have made us complete slaves to machines. There is no
work which cannot be done without the assistance of machines and there is not a single area
of human activity where machines don't have to be used. No one can deny the fact that gadgets
have not only simplified our lives but also made them more comfortable and luxurious [1].
[1] http://academicwriting.wikidot.com/dependence-from-gadgets
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A gadget is a small tool such as a machine that has a particular function, but is often
thought of as a novelty [2]. The growth of gadget development has made a revolution in mobile
devices market. Smartphone also combined some Phone features and Computer features and
could enlarge the old-fashion phone function. The modern smartphone nowadays has been
made just look like PC (Personal Computer) which may give the easy way for User to work so it
could raising up the User’s performance in work in every way mostly.
The idea for cellular phone service dates back at least to 1947, but the first call was
made from the sidewalk outside the Manhattan Hilton in 1973 by Martin Cooper, a Motorola
researcher who rang up his rival at AT&T Bell Labs to test the new phone. Thirty years later,
more than half of all Americans own one and cellular networks are beginning to serve Internet
access at broadband speeds through thin air (Paul Boutin, NBC News 2013).
Over a fairly short period of time, smartphones has changed from an expensive-looking
lifestyle technologies into a must-have technologies that needs to be held. In this time a lot of
Software Companies is doing development and compete to build a smartphone mobile
application to support their customer—in this case gadget user—for increase their business
quality and even their daily life.
Smart gadget application which is being developed in this recent time could reach some
Business Planning and Management Solutions, Finance and Financial Management Application,
App Advertising, Product File Sharing, Multimedia, Networking and Blogging Application,
Medical And Educational Application Development, GPS and various entertainment
applications that can spoil the users.
As we knew, our own Gadget are obviously have to spend a little money itself. Some
services needed to being optimized some function of smartphone itself such as phone pulse,
Internet Data, Full Service Package, etc. This stuff obviously has been realized by owner that it
would affect their financial level.
[2] http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/gadget
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This report examines those two problem areas. It reveals how much a person have some
dependence on gadgets and how that dependences would take effects on their financial. In this
report will show how people live now with gadget being involved on their daily activity.
B. Method
a. Participants
Participants included 300 peoples who using internet as their part of activities. This peoples
called netizen (means internet populations) have participated to fill some questionnaire for
gathered some data. Netizen mostly using their gadget to support their daily life. It means they
understood what internet it is and what their gadget used for. Netizen who participated were
people who using internet more than 1 hour each day. Not only internet, but also every kind of
gadget indeed. Participants are 14 to 30 years old. Participants has chosen randomize and
voluntary.
b. Materials
Materials presented to some respondents by using questionnaire on Google Docs
(https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1BlZ9pZolFZQBAgqzJ7cwvfW2C-IiyP-
WxE3LYOmO81o/viewform) and spread into netizen using Facebook, Twitter, and any kind of
social media. Respondents answered some personal questions as initial, their financial
question, and also research need question as variables. Personal question are about their name
and aged. Financial question are about their financial outlay each month and budget spent for
their gadget. And research question are about how much they knew about their gadget support
and to using it, how many time they using their gadget, how’s were their feeling if they would
have been separated with their gadget itself. Beside of that, they also been asked how much
money they have been spent only for their gadgets.
c. Procedure
At the beginning, questionnaire spread to respondents firstly only to close people, friend,
or classmate, and forum society. And then, people who has seen link given then help with re-
share and then spread just the way itself.
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After respondents got a questionnaire via Google Docs, respondents fill the field and
answer some question. They fill their name and age, then they answer the question about how
many time they spent to interact with internet and how much money they spent especially for
their Gadget. In the questionnaire also has been asked about how their live if they would been
separated with their gadget more than 2 days.
C. Result
For getting an all-wanted result, gathered data that has been collected from an answer of
participants should be filtered. Any redundancies and invalid data entry shall be deleted or
repaired. After being filtered and repaired, valid data has been collected and get 316 data
entry. Based on the data obtained, the following is a chart made by the valid data:
1. Gadget purposes in daily
Figure 1
2. Time spent for gadget
Figure 2
195
110 11
Almost everytime (195) Depend on Condition (110) Rarely (11)
If you have a Smart Gadget, do you always use it all the time?
33
127
1 16
139
Study (33) Socialization (127) Shopping (1) Job (16) Entertainment (139)
You tend to use the Smart Gadget for what purposes?
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3. Money spent per month
Figure 3
4. Dependence on Gadget
Figure 4
After all raw data has been processed, then data were being converted into chart and can be
calculated. In this report, there are 2 main problem that should be solved. Because of that, then these are
2 variables that picked for being processed. Variables that picked would be variable X and Y. The following
variables are:
143
6047
66
Rp 100,000 - Rp 500,000 Rp 501,000 - Rp 700,000 Rp 701,000 - Rp 1,000,000 > Rp 1,000,000
How many of your expenses each month?
48%52%
Could you do not hold Smart Gadget more than a day?
Yes (152)
No (164)
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X : If you have a Smart Gadget, do you always use it all the time?
Y : How many of your expenses each month?
And the process data:
I : Almost Every time A : Rp 100.000 – Rp 500.000
II : Depend on Condition B : Rp 501.000 – Rp 700.000
III : Rarely C : Rp 701.000 – Rp 1.000.000
D : > Rp 1.000.000
Data tables:
Table 1
Y \ X I II III ni
A 80 55 8 143
B 39 19 2 60
C 29 17 1 47
D 47 19 0 66
nj 195 110 11 316
Based on the table, obviously in every kind of money expenses participant who using their
gadget almost every time dominating constantly. There are 80 participants that has money
expenses about 100k – 500k Rupiah using gadget almost every time. There are 55 participants
that has money expenses about 100k – 500k Rupiah using gadget depend on condition. And also
there are 8 participants that has money expenses about 100k – 500k Rupiah using gadget rarely.
When participants has money expenses more than the first category, there are 39
participants that has money expenses about 501k – 700k Rupiah using gadget almost every time.
There are 19 participants that has money expenses about 501k – 700k Rupiah using gadget
depend on condition. And also there are 2 participants that has money expenses about 501k –
700k Rupiah using gadget rarely.
When participants has money expenses more than the second category, there are 29
participants that has money expenses about 701k – 1million Rupiah using gadget almost every
time. There are 17 participants that has money expenses about 701k – 1million Rupiah using
gadget depend on condition. And also there are 1 participant that has money expenses about
701k – 1million Rupiah using gadget rarely.
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When participants has money expenses the most, there are 47 participants that has
money expenses about more than 1 million Rupiah using gadget almost every time. There are 19
participants that has money expenses about more than 1 million Rupiah using gadget depend on
condition. But none of the participant that has money expenses more than 1 million Rupiah using
gadget rarely.
D. Discussion
In this section, hypothesized must be done before data examination be executed.
a. Propose the Hypothesis
a) Hypothesis Zero (Ho)
Dependence on Gadgets affect a person's financial management
b) Hypothesis Alternative (Ha)
Dependence on Gadgets doesn’t affect a person's financial management
b. Hypothesis Examination
Formula Used:
𝑥2 = ∑ ∑(𝑛𝑖𝑗 −𝑒𝑖𝑗)2
𝑒𝑖𝑗
𝑗𝑞
𝑖𝑝 eij =
𝑛𝑖 𝑋 𝑛𝑗
𝑛
𝑐𝑒 = √𝑥2
𝑥2 + 𝑛
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Data tables:
Table 2
Y \ X I II III ni
A 80 55 8 143
B 39 19 2 60
C 29 17 1 47
D 47 19 0 66
nj 195 110 11 316
α = 0.05
N = 316
e11 = (i1 x j1) / N e12 = (i1 x j2) / N e13 = (i1 x j3) / N
e21 = (i2 x j1) / N e22 = (i2 x j2) / N e23 = (i2 x j3) / N
e31 = (i3 x j1) / N e32 = (i3 x j2) / N e33 = (i3 x j3) / N
e41 = (i4 x j1) / N e42 = (i4 x j2) / N e43 = (i4 x j3) / N
x11 = ( n11 – e11)2 / e11 x12 = ( n12 – e12)2 / e11 x11 = ( n13 – e13)2 / e11
x21 = ( n21 – e21)2 / e21 x22 = ( n22 – e22)2 / e22 x11 = ( n23 – e23)2 / e23
x31 = ( n31 – e31)2 / e31 x32 = ( n32 – e32)2 / e32 x11 = ( n33 – e33)2 / e33
x41 = ( n41 – e41)2 / e41 x42 = ( n42 – e42)2 / e42 x11 = ( n43 – e43)2 / e43
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x2 = (x11 + x12 + x13 + ... + x43)
x2 = 7.655325528
ce = 0.153794375
After chi square (x2) obtained, then the Degree of Freedom (df) searched with following:
df = (number of rows – 1) x (number of column – 1)
df = (3-1) x (4-1)
= 6
With X2 1-α; df looked onto chi square table and got = 12.592
Based on the final result, Hypothesis Zero (Ho) has proved to be true. It is because x2 less than it
degree of freedom, which is 7.655325528. So this is indicate that dependence on Gadgets take impact
to someone expenses each month.
e11 = 88.24367 x11 = 0.770118797
e12 = 49.77848 x12 = 0.547711782
e13 = 4.977848 x13 = 1.834809322
e21 = 37.02532 x21 = 0.105316456
e22 = 20.88608 x22 = 0.170318374
e23 = 2.088608 x23 = 0.00375911
e31 = 29.00316 x31 = 3.45287
e32 = 16.36076 x32 = 0.024976128
e33 = 1.636076 x33 = 0.247294518
e41 = 40.72785 x41 = 0.965921139
e42 = 22.97468 x42 = 0.687631203
e43 = 2.297468 x43 = 2.297468354
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E. Conclusion
Based on any discussion and data process has been made, then Hypothesis Zero (Ho) has
proved to be true that dependence on Gadget is obviously take effect on people expenses. It
means that if somebody more dependence to Smart Gadget, so their expense will bigger remind
that Smart Gadget need some special service like private data package for Gadget itself.
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F. Appendix a. Questionnaire
Pengaruh Smart Gadget terhadap Gaya Hidup
* Wajib
Nama *
Umur *
Apakah memiliki SMART GADGET* termasuk hal yang biasa di hidup Anda?
* termasuk smartphone, tablet, PC, laptop, segala hal yang memiliki Sistem Operasi
o Ya
o Tidak
Jika Anda memiliki Smartphone, apakah anda selalu menggunakannya setiap saat?
o Hampir Setiap Saat
o Tergantung Situasi
o Terkadang
Berapa Pengeluaran Anda tiap Bulannya?
o 100 rb - 500 rb
o 501 rb - 700rb
o 701 rb - 1 jt
o > 1 jt
Berapa Pengeluaran Anda untuk SMART GADGET anda?
o 50 rb - 100 rb
o 101 rb - 150 rb
o > 150 rb
Anda cenderung* lebih menggunakan Smart Gadget untuk keperluan Apa?
*perkiraan kecenderungan lebih dari 50%
o Belajar
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o Sosialisasi
o Berbelanja
o Keperluan Pekerjaan
o Hiburan
Jika anda dijauhkan dengan Smart Gadget lebih dari sehari*, apakah anda sanggup?
sekitar 2-4 hari
o Ya
o Tidak
Kirim
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b. Degree of Freedom
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c. Reference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadget
http://academicwriting.wikidot.com/dependence-from-gadgets
http://www.infosagala.com/perkembangan-smartphone/
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/6186351/