Late 19th Century Industrialization in the US Brainstorm - 2˚

What “factors of production”

existed in the USduring the late

19th Century that helped cause a 2nd

“Industrial Revolution”

possible?

- Demand for products like gold.- Infrastructure: railroads, mines, etc.- Government policies: tariffs, international trade, few regulations on businesses, land grants- Raw materials: iron ore, coal- Lots of available workers: immigration (Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe)- Abundant investment capital

How did the US benefit from

industrial growth during the late 19th Century?

- US pays back debt- Surplus- Standard of living improves, and more jobs with higher average wage- More money for education, museums, parks, etc. (cultural)- More products / consumerism

What were some problems caused

by industrial growth during the late 19th Century?

- Environmental damage: pollution- Class divisions increase- Exploitation of working class: low pay, unsafe, young kids- Exploitation of different minorities

Why is the late 19th Century often

referred to by historians as the

“Gilded Age”?

- Appealed to people but there were many problems too

Late 19th Century Industrialization in the US Brainstorm - 3˚

What “factors of production”

existed in the USduring the late

19th Century that helped cause a 2nd

“Industrial Revolution”

possible?

• Coal and Iron from western mines• More infrastructure for transportation (railroads)• More labor from immigrants (Asia/Eastern and Southern Europe)• Capital (Gold & Silver mined from the West)• Government Policies (Homestead Acts, Land Grants, Low Taxes & Low Regulations)• Advancements in Technology

How did the US benefit from

industrial growth during the late 19th Century?

• Lower Prices & More “Stuff”• International Trade Increases• Country is getting richer (improved average standard of living)• More jobs• Growing Middle Class• More demand for all types of products

What were some problems caused

by industrial growth during the late 19th Century?

• Wealth inequality• Dangerous and boring factory jobs• Conflicts between laborers and owners

Why is the late 19th Century often

referred to by historians as the

“Gilded Age”?

• Good on the surface but not so good on the inside (hidden problems)

Late 19th Century Industrialization in the US Brainstorm - 5˚

What “factors of production”

existed in the USduring the late

19th Century that helped cause a 2nd

“Industrial Revolution”

possible?

- Natural resources Ex: Gold, iron ore, oil, coal, copper- Immigrants Ex: Asia, Eastern Europe- New land- New innovation Ex: Railroads, electricity- New Inventors: Thomas Edison- Government support “Giving land to railroads” Ex: Homestead Act “Trade with other countries”

Ex: Japan- Low taxes- Growing population

How did the US benefit from

industrial growth during the late 19th Century?

- Lots of money in the Industrial Arena- Job opportunity- Producing mass produced products with machines- Prices go down- More efficacy of products- More of a middle class

What were some problems caused

by industrial growth during the late 19th Century?

- Mass production leads to somewhat lesser quality- Wage gap between rich and poor- Environmental issues- Discrimination of minorities- Greed/Power- Harsh working conditions Ex: Black lung- Labor disputes

Why is the late 19th Century often

referred to by historians as the

“Gilded Age”?

- On the surface looks fantastic with economic growth, but truly underneath there’s a lot of downside and problems.

Major Economic Trends of the Late 19th

Century - A 2nd American Industrial Revolution (Chapter 17)

HW: Prep for In-Class Discussion (Block 12/14 or 12/15)You will be asked to support ONE of these statements:

Late 19th Century business leaders can accurately be labeled

as “Robber Barons” because their actions were contrary to

the founding principles of the United States and detrimental

to the general welfare of American society.

OR

Late 19th Century business leaders can accurately be labeled

as “Captains of Industry” because their actions promoted the

founding principles of the United States and improved the

general welfare of American society.

Notes for Discussion: Consider class brainstorm, text reading, videos and information in

slideshow that could be used to support your side in the Captains of Industry or Robber

Barons discussion. Notes will be collected after discussion on Block Day next week.

or ?

Pages 530-533 Terms: Gustavus Swift, vertical integration, predatory pricing, John Rockefeller, horizontal integration

Analysis Question: How did corporate leaders expand their control of markets in the late 19th Century?

Criticism of Rockefellers’ Standard Oil Company

Pages 533-537 Terms: Thomas Edison, Department Stores, Mass Market Advertising, White Collar Workers, Middle Mangers, Traveling

Salesman, Women Workers

Analysis Question: How did industrial growth in the late 19th Century impact consumers and white collar workers?

Pages 540-543 terms: Skilled (“Craft”) Workers, Unskilled (“Industrial”) Workers, Mass Production, Frederick W. Taylor & Scientific Management, Child & Minority Workers

Analysis Question: How did late 19th Century industrial growth impact lesser skilled, blue collar workers?

Pages 544-549 Terms: “New” Immigration, Ellis Island, “Hunkies”, “Sojourners”, Chinese Exclusion Act

Analysis Question: What factors influenced the differing experiences of various immigrant groups in late 19th Century America?

Parallels with the “Gilded Age”?

Pages 549-552 Terms: Trade Unions, Great Strike of 1877, Blacklisting, Yellow Dog Contracts, Knights of Labor, Haymarket Square bombing, Homestead Strike

Analysis Question: Why did the labor movement grow in late 19th Century America and what major challenges did workers organizations face?

Pages 554-555 Terms: Closed Shop, American Federation of Labor, Samuel Gompers, “Pure & Simple Unionism”

Analysis Question: What made the AFL generally successful in meeting the goals of its members, but unsuccessful in helping the majority of workers in the late 19th Century?

For Review, watch: The Industrial Economy: Crash Course US History #23

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6tRp-

zRUJs&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s&index=24

For More Review, Watch: Growth, Cities, and Immigration: Crash Course US History #25

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRhjqqe750A&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s

Even at the time, Americans were asking if the business leaders of

the age were Robber Barons or Captains of Industry?

Criticism of the Government during the Gilded Age

Block Day 12/14 or 12/15 Discussion

Late 19th Century business leaders can accurately be labeled

as “Robber Barons” because their actions were contrary to

the founding principles of the United States and detrimental

to the general welfare of American society.

OR

Late 19th Century business leaders can accurately be labeled

as “Captains of Industry” because their actions promoted

the founding principles of the United States and improved

the general welfare of American society.