the infn vision for neutrino physics ferroni.pdf · the calder project development of light...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS
Fernando Ferroni INFN & Universita’ Sapienza Roma
STATUS OF THEORETICAL UNDERSTANDING AND OF EXPERIMENTAL POWER FOR LHC PHYSICS AND BEYOND
Erice 52st Course: June 23-July 3 2014
![Page 2: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A SPECIAL PARTICLE FOR US
"The name neutrino was coined by Enrico Fermi as a word play on neutrone, the Italian name of the neutron."
A Majorana fermion, also referred to as a Majorana particle, is a fermion that is its own antiparticle. They were hypothesised by Ettore Majorana in 1937. !Neutrino is the only particle known to us that could be a Majorana fermion.
![Page 3: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
the prediction that neutrinos associated with electrons are different from those associated with muons
the intuition of how to detect anti-neutrinos generated in nuclear reactors
A SPECIAL PARTICLE FOR US
the idea that neutrinos may convert into other type of neutrinos
Bruno Pontecorvo
![Page 4: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
THE ONLY PARTICLE WE HAVE SEEN THAT MIGHT BELONG TO
!
!
‘NEW PHYSICS’
![Page 5: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
AN HISTORY OF SURPRISES
The very existence
![Page 6: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ITS FIRST OBSERVATION (A BIT EARLIER THAN PREDICTED BY PAULI
Cowan & Reines
Pauli bet a case of champagne that nobody would ever detect one. Indeed this was the case until 1956, when Clyde Cowan and Fred Reines detected antineutrinos emitted from a nuclear reactor at Savannah River in South Carolina, USA. When their result was announced, Pauli kept his promise.
![Page 7: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MORE THAN ONE !
![Page 8: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AN INTRIGUING PUZZLE
does the Sun really shine ?
and how is it possible ?
Davies
![Page 9: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
NEUTRINO MASS: SURPRISE !
Within the standard model, the right-handed neutrino does not exist, so even with a Yukawa coupling neutrinos remain massless
The reason neutrino oscillation is relevant to the question of neutrino mass is that massless neutrinos cannot oscillate. Put another way, observation of oscillation implies that the masses of the neutrinos involved cannot be equal to one another. Since they cannot be equal to one another, they cannot both be zero. In fact it is quite likely that if any neutrinos have non-zero mass, all of them do.
Koshiba
Serendipity at work !
![Page 10: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
TRANSFOMATION UNDER YOUR EYES
OPERA at LNGS
Muon neutrinos leave
CERN and sometime
they are detected as tau
neutrinos at Gran Sasso
![Page 11: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
IS THAT OVER ? DEAL DONE ?
FAR FROM IT
![Page 12: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
AN ENDLESS RESEARCH FIELD
How much does a neutrino weigh ?
What is the mass ordering (hierarchy)
Is neutrino a Majorana or Dirac particle
Do more (sterile) neutrinos exist ?
Do neutrinos violate CP ?
Can we observe the CNB (a picture of a universe 1 second old)
![Page 13: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
INFN IS COMMITTED !
on neutrino absolute mass
on mass hierarchy
on Majorana vs. Dirac
on sterile neutrino search
on CP violation
![Page 14: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
NEUTRINO MASS DIRECT MEASUREMENT
Brute force ?
Nein, danke !
We’d rather prefer………….……………………
![Page 15: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
HOLMES
The Electron Capture Decay of 163Ho to Measure the Electron Neutrino Mass with sub-eV sensitivity
electron capture from shell >= M1A. De Rujula and M. Lusignoli, Phys. Lett. B 118 (1982) 429
![Page 16: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
AN EXCITING OPPORTUNITY
Nev=1014; FWHM=2eV
M2 M1
![Page 17: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
DREAMING FOR
![Page 18: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
AIMING ATTransition Edge Sensors (TES) with 163Ho implanted Au absorbers
6.5x1013 nuclei per detector → 300 dec/sec
ΔE≈1eV and τR≈1µs
1000 channel array
6.5x1016 163Ho nuclei → ≈18µg
3x1013 events in 3 years
![Page 19: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
DETECTORS
Transition Edge Sensors (TES) with
Bi/Au absorber
single pixel developmentarray fabrication (NIST, Boulder,
USA)
![Page 20: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
HOLMES DETECTOR ARRAY
HOLMES array: 256 sparse pixels (4x)
![Page 21: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
MASS HIERACHY
1-2 ordered by matter
3 is free
degeneracy belong to an other type of experiments
![Page 22: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
JUNO: THE REACTOR OPTION
Very tough challenge
Bring in expertise in purification
of liquid scintillator from Borexino
![Page 23: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
GREAT PHYSICS …GREAT CHALLENGE !
![Page 24: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
MAJORANA VS. DIRAC
![Page 25: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
NEUTRINOLESS DOUBLE BETA DECAY
Only if: !
Majorana Neutrinos Massive Neutrinos
If observed: !
Proof of the Majorana nature of Neutrino Indication of mass scale
![Page 26: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
EBtMK
Δ⋅⋅
∝ (i.a. • ε)
mᵦᵦ ∝ √ (1/τ)
S
JUST A PILE-UP OF NIGHTMARES
![Page 27: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
WE ARE PREPARING CUORE
![Page 28: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
WITH THIS GOAL
you soon hit a wall !
![Page 29: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
EXPLOIT THE TECHNOLOGY
![Page 30: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
THAT LOOKS LIKE….
1000 thousand crystals of TeO2. 130Te is the most natural candidate for DBD (34% i.a.)
![Page 31: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
BUT WILL STOP AT
irreducible if you do not tell alphas from gammas in spite of formidable energy resolution
![Page 32: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
THERE IS A POSSIBLE SOLUTION
![Page 33: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Zn82Se or Zn100MoO4
ZnSe ZnMoO4
![Page 34: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
or Cherenkov from TeO
100 eV@Q-valueRequires ~20 eV resolution for >99.9% α rejection @ >90% signal efficiency
The CALDER projectDevelopment of light detectors based on the
Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs)
![Page 35: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST
Triggered by anomalies (none of which outstanding !) in several experiments (LNDS, Mini-Boone, reactors)
a final (!?) word is needed (the manual of good experimentalist !)
different possibilities: we have chosen neutrino sources (VSBL) and SBL
![Page 36: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
THE VSBL WAY
Tank!3300 m3 of water!
210 PMTs Cherenkov!
Principle:!“graded shielding”.!
!Pure and pure materials toward the center of the
detector!
Scintillator!270 t PC-PPO!
Nylon Vessels!internal: R=4.25 m!external: R=5.50 m!
PIT !~ 1 m3 available at"
8.25 cm from the center!
Stainless Steel Sphere!~1300 m3 of liquid!
support for 2214 PMTs!
Take a fully understood existing detector
![Page 37: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A detector that has ‘written’ a good
part of the neutrino oscillation story
BOREXINO@LNGS
![Page 38: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
PORTABLE SUN (PROVIDED BY ERC)
pit
144Ce SOX-C
144Ce SOX-B
51Cr SOX-A
• Mission: test the existence of low L/E �νe and/or νe anomalies by placing �well known artificial sources close to �or inside Borexino"
• SOX-A now SOX-Cr"• 51Cr source in pit beneath detector !• 8.25 m from center [2017?]"
• SOX-B now SOX-Ce"• 144Ce-144Pr source in pit.!• Option: PPO everywhere to enhance sensitivity !• 8.25 m from center [2015]"
• SOX-C"• 144Ce-144Pr source in the center!• Only after the end of solar program"• More effort and more time�
[>2018]�"
![Page 39: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
THE HOMEMADE SUN RAYS
![Page 40: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
ANALYSIS TECHNIQUETotal counts: standard “disappearance” experiment!
Total number of events depends on θ14 and (weakly) from Δm214 Sensitivity depends on:!
Statistics (source activity)!Error on activity (in particular) and on efficiency!
The relatively short life-time of 51Cr yield useful time-events correlation!The background is constant while the signal is not!
!Spatial waves [C.. Grieb et al., Phys. Rev. D75: 093006 (2007)]!
With expected Δm2 e and ~ 1 MeV energy, the wavelength is smaller than !detector size (~11 m max) and bigger than resolution (~ 15 cm)!
The distribution of events as a function of distance to source shows waves Direct measurement of Δm142 and θ14 Very powerful and independent. Does not depend on knowledge of source activity. !
!The two techniques can be combined in a single counts-waves fit!
![Page 41: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
A POSSIBLE RESULT
Reactor anomaly central value
1 σ 3 σ
Full Geant4 simulation - example Borexino Background
Example for SOX-Cr
![Page 42: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
LIKELY AN EXCLUSION
![Page 43: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
BUT IF YOU WANT A FINAL WORD YOU NEED AN ACCELERATOR
AND A SUPERB QUALITY DETECTOR
ICARUS Electronic chamber
Medium Liquid ArgonSensitive mass Many ktonsDensity 1.4 g/cm3Radiation length 14.0 cmCollision length 54.8 cmdE/dx 2.1 MeV/cm
Gargamelle Bubble chamber
Medium Heavy freonSensitive mass 3.0 tonDensity 1.5 g/cm3Radiation length 11.0 cmCollision length 49.5 cmdE/dx 2.3 MeV/cm
for those of you
that are old enough
to remember…..
a couple of years
operation in CNGS
![Page 44: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
A SOUND PROPOSAL AT FNAL
ICARUS T600
SBN@BNB
![Page 45: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
END OF A STORY OR PERHAPS START OF AN ADVENTURE
νμ � νe Appearance#
but…beware…very difficult experimental conditions. TBV.
![Page 46: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
CP VIOLATION IN NEUTRINO SECTOR
uhmmmm……..
![Page 47: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
U.S.-hosted Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) that receives the world’s highest intensity neutrino beam from an improved accelerator complex (PIP-II) at Fermilab.
Reformulate the long-baseline neutrino program as an internationally designed, coordinated, and funded program with Fermilab as host.
Redirect specific activities and efforts at Fermilab to the PIP-II program of improvements to the accelerator complex, which will provide proton beams with power greater than one megawatt by the time of first operation of the new long-baseline neutrino facility.
![Page 48: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
LAr
ICARUS@CNGS
A demonstration
of the power of
the technology
![Page 49: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
LBNF
INFN, thanks to ICARUS group, masters the LAr technology.
We are willing to partecipate in trying to build such a collaboration for a future experiment.
The previously mentioned project (SBL at FNAL) should help in getting people together around a common program
![Page 50: THE INFN VISION FOR NEUTRINO PHYSICS Ferroni.pdf · The CALDER project Development of light detectors based on the ! Kinetic Inductance Detector (KIDs) STERILE NEUTRINOS QUEST Triggered](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c83ec3709d3f290718c475e/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
CONCLUSIONS
Neutrino physics is an absolute priority for INFN
We center our program at Gran Sasso lab but we participate in experiments worldwide
Neutrino is the only known particle that we have still to understand
It is the most promising gate to the New Physics land
It is a beautiful ground for young talents to put their skill at work