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PRIVATE CIRULATION ONLY E-News: 26 | August 2017

Chairman’s Desk

Er.K.Vijayakumar.FIE.,Chairman

Dear Engineers, Warm greetings to you all.Every year “Engineers Day” is celebrated 0n September 15, in the country since

1967, to commemorate the birthday of the legendary engineer Sir

Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, an eminent Indian engineer and statesman. This is

the 50th Engineers day. A theme of national importance is chosen every year by the

National Council of the Institution and deliberated at its various State/Local

Centres to educate the engineering fraternity in general and the society in

particular. Theme for this 50th Engineers Day is “Role of Engineers in a Developing India”. Let us all

celebrate this day in a grand manner in our centre by honouring some Eminent Engineers and

arranging invited lecture on the theme. I have already informed about the forth coming National events such as a. 25th IEI Convocation & Technicians'/Students' Convention are to be held at Goa on 28th & 29th

October 2017. These events are conducted to encourage the Members of Students' Chapters and

Technician Chapters by paper presentation on the theme “ Role of Engineers towards Skill India

Mission.” and awarding the best papers and best Projects etc.,.b. 98TH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING AND 32ND INDIAN ENGINEERING CONGRESS are

proposed to be held at Chennai on 21,22 & 23 December 2017 and it is expected that every member

of the Institution will participate in the various activities and paper presentation on the theme

“Innovation in Engineering: Competitive Strategy Perspective”. The Engineering Congress is intended

to broaden the scope of interaction and transfusion of knowledge by letting in from within the country

and abroad engineer-brothers who are professional experts in their respective fields to participate and

effectively diffuse their experiences and infuse their thinking. The Indian Engineering Congress has

thrown open the threshold of knowledge to all, both members and non-members, and has provided

them with a Forum. In addition to the Congress Seminar and Sessions, eminent engineers are

honoured at an event, namely, Glimpses of Engineering Personalities. The Institution has also

instituted seven memorial lectures commemorating eminent engineers of the country, to be delivered

as a part of the Indian Engineering Congress every year. c. The 33rd National Convention of Electrical Engineers proposed to be held at Tiruchirapalli, on

November 24-25, 2017, organized by Tiruchirapalli Local Centre in association withNIT, BHEL

Tiruchirapalli at NIT Tiruchirapalli on the theme”Hybrid AC/DC Power Systems for effective Utilization

of Renewable Energy”I once again remind all the members to participate in these events and also to inform their friends to

participate and present papers as delegates and also to request other known Institutions to support

these events as Sponsors, installing their stalls in the exhibition or by giving advertisement etc.

The Institution of Engineers (India)MADURAI LOCAL CENTRE

Er.K.Vijayakumar, FIEChairman

Er.J.Samuel, MIEHon. Secretary

MONTHLY CONNECT AUGUST 2017MONTHLY CONNECT AUGUST 2017MONTHLY CONNECT AUGUST 2017

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Secretary’s Desk

Er.J.Samuel,MIE.,Hon.Secretary

I shall once again request all the Principals of the Engineering Colleges to come forward to enroll

their Institutions as” Institutional Members of IEI “ and to avail the benefit of becoming an Institutional

Member of IEI which is the only professional society and Research organization in India, serving the

Professional Engineers of all the Engineering Branches. Also I thank the KLN College of Information Technology and Mohamed Sathak Engineering

College, for enrolling as Institutional Member this month.. Do not forget to bring more Members to reach a strength of 3100 from the present strength of

2321.

With regards,K.VijayakumarMobile:9842151415

Dear Engineers,Greetings to all the Engineering fraternity.During the month of July 2017, we have conducted the events as per our schedule

and also conducted the Two Days Seminar on 3rd and 4th August 2017 at Vickram

College of Engineering on the topic “Industrial Waste Management in India” as

scheduled.The details of Forth Coming events are notified in this news letter separately.I once again request you all to participate in the Eminent Engineers Award and also

propose some of the prominent Engineers for awarding this award, during the

Engineers Day to be celebrated on September 15th 2017. Let us all raise to the occasion, to join hands to build our “NEW” nation and also strengthen our hands

for the betterment of the Institution of Engineers.I request all the Committee Members to attend the committee meetings without fail.I also request all our Corporate Members to attend the Lecture Meetings in large numbers.Thanking you

With Regards,Er.J.SamuelMobile:9443368359

DEAR SIR / MADAM,SUB: NOMINATION FOR NATIONAL DESIGN AWARDS-2017National Design Research Forum (NDRF) established by the Institution of Engineers (India), promotes

Research, Design, Development,Productization and Innovation through collaborative effort since

1969.NDRF is anchoring inter-disciplinary technological research in manyengineering disciplines

including for societal applications, and plays a major role in deploying engineering and technology

services, systems,and solutions for nation building. The recent activities at NDRF include initiation of

the Follow-On Program of NP-MICAV, National Program on Unmanned Marine Vehicles. We are the

participants of National Program on Cyborgs led by SITAR. We are exploring various applications of

NATIONAL DESIGN AND RESEARCH FORUM THE INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS (INDIA)

#3, DR .B. R. AMBEDKAR VEEDHI, BANGALORE – 560001

READ IEI EPITOME EVERY MONTH. ALSO FURNISH YOUR PUBLICATIONS OF PAPERS, BOOKS and NEWS ABOUT YOU

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UAV/MAV including Agriculture, Mining Disaster Management, Power line Inspection etc. We have

built the domain expertise and the infrastructure required to participate in research

programs in Micro and Nano Systems, Biosensors, Tissue-engineering, 3D Printing, Systems

Engineering etc. The Rapid Prototyping Laboratory-ProtoLab has the state-of-the-art equipment to

promote innovation in design and development. The Simulation Facility setup at

NDRF is being augmented to support engineering design across disciplines

through technologies such as Virtual Reality, 3D Visualization, Real-time Simulation Systems, etc.

These activities and facilities of NDRF are open to industry, academia and research organizations for

collaborative research and development. Currently, we have a consortium of 40 including various

R&D Labs, industry, academia and research organizations.

NDRF cont inues the t rad i t ion o f iden t i f y ing and recogniz ing outs tanding

cont r ibu t ion to eng ineer ing des ign th rough the Nat iona l Des ign Awards

s ince i t s i ncep t ion . We reques t you to nomina te ou t s tand ing eng ineer s

contr ibut ing to design for the 2017 edi t ion of these prest ig ious awards.

Detai ls and the Nomination Form for al l the seven categories of Awards

are ava i lab le a t WWW.NDRF.RES. IN. Your nomina t ions shou ld reach the

undersigned on or before 05 OCTOBER 2017

The Awards for the year 2017 will be presented at the 32nd Indian Engineering Congress, during

December 2017.

We look forward to your association in NDRF's programs of national importance, and seek

nominations for the Awards for the year 2017 from your esteemed organisation.

Thanking youDR. K. RAMACHANDRADIRECTOR - NDRF

Cl. 25.5.1.3 of IS :456 - 1978 mentions ' Where the depth of the web in a beam exceeds 750 mm, Side

face reinforcement shall be provided along the two faces. The total area of such reinforcement shall be

not less than 0.1 % of the web area and shall be distributed equally on two faces at a spacing not

exceeding 300 mm or web thickness whichever is less. The same wordings are repeated in IS 456:

2000 - Cl 26.5.1.3.This looks like a partial thumb rule like statement. But BS CP 110 and ACI 318- 11

render a rational approach, mentioning the reason for introducing side bars.

Concrete cracks when tensile strain exceeds .0001

We provide reinforcement wherever cracks are expected to occur

The intent of providing side face reinforcement is to control the crack width in tensile zone of concrete

Concrete cracks when tensile strain exceeds .0001

Thought Bank

Side Bars

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Cracks may develop in tension zone above the reinforcement up-to neutral axis and the cracks could

probagate easily.

Also, cracking can occur in large unreinforced exposed faces of concrete on account of shrinkage and

temparature variations

In relatively shallow depth beam the distance between the neutral axis and tensile reinforcement is

small and the main steel present can control tensile strains. Whereas in deeper beams the tension

reinforcement is much deeper than beams of shallow depth, thus a large amount of concrete section is

subjected to tensile strains therefore cracks may develop in the tension zone above the main

reinforcement

BS CP 110 limits crack width to 0.3 mm and this relates to the appearance of the structure and the limit

of 0.004 times the cover relates to the corrosion of the reinforcement : when the cover is 40 mm the

crack width should not exceed 0.004 x 40 = 0.16 mm.

To comply with the above crack width limits Side face reinforcements are provided in deep beams. BS

code takes h = the overall depth of the beam : web depth + flange depth and this is rational.

BS code gives elaborate treatment on this issue. The diameter of the side bars must not be less than

square root of (Sb/ Fe) - ref.dwg

Side Bar diameter in mm for Fe 415

S

100

150

175

200

225

250

b=225 mm

8

10

10

12

12

12

b=300 mm

10

10

12

12

12

16

a<180 for Fe 415

a<150 for Fe 500

If h>750mm, side bars are requied

to a depth of 2/3 h

(sxb/Fe)^1/2 Area of side bars

= 0.1% web area min

Events held during the Month of June-2017

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Er. S.Ramanathan F.I.E94440 20990

1. 8th July 6.00 PM 3rd Committee meeting of the Madurai Local centre was held.2.Lecture meeting on the topic “Machine Learning:Linear Regression” held at the Institution of Engineers

(India), Madurai Local Centre on July 29, 2017 at 6.00 PM. .Dr.R.Rajaram, FIE., Former Dean CSC,IT

and MCA, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai participated as Chief Guest and delivered his

lecture on the above topic

b

h s<250

s<250

2/3 h

Mr. K.Vijayakumar, Chairman, Madurai Local Centre

delivering the welcome address and sitting from

Left to Right Er. J. Samuel, Hon. Secretary, MLC and

Dr. R.Rajaram, Chief Guest on the dais.

Dr. P.Rajamani, FIE., Council Member honoured

the Chief Guest with a shawl.

Dr. N.Balaji, FIE., Principal, KLN College of Information Technology

presented the memento to the Chief Guest.

Dr. R.Rajaram, Former Dean/CSE, IT & MCA,

Thiagarajar College of Engineering,

delivering the Lecture on the theme on

“Machine Learning : Linear Regression” to the audience

Er. S.Ramanathan F.I.E94440 20990

Events Helds During the Month of July

A technical Lecture meeting on the topic “Machine Learning-Linear Regression”was held atthe

Institution of Engineers (India), Madurai Local Centre on July 29, 2017 at 6.00 PM.Dr.R.Rajaram, FIE.,

Former Dean CSC,IT and MCA, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai participated as Chief

Guest and delivered his lecture on the above topic. Mr.K.Vijayakumar, FIE., Chairman, Madurai Local

Centre presided over this meeting. Mr.J.Samuel, MIE., Hon. Secretary and Mr.R.Narayanasamy, MIE.,

Joint Hon. Secretary were on the dais. After invocation Mr.K.Vijayakumar delivered the welcome

address. Mr.J.Samuel, Hon Secretary introduced the Chief Guest to the audience. Dr.P.Rajamani, FIE.,

Council Member honoured the chief Guest with a shawl. Then the Chairman invited the Chief guest to

deliver his lecture.Dr.R.Rajaram said that Linear Regression is nothing but a Statistical tool to understand and quantify

Relationship between two variables. Business forecasting and optimization predict future demand for

products Optimization of business processes. Then he explained the algorithms of Linear Regression

as below:LR Algorithms -1: Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms: Make predictions on given set of samples.

Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithms Organize the data into a group of clusters.

Reinforcement Machine Learning AlgorithmsChoose an action, based on each data point and later learn how good the decision was. LR Algorithms - 2:Naïve Bayes Classifier Algorithm: Classify a web page, a document, an email Sentiment Analysis- analyse status updates expressing positive or negative emotions. Document

Categorization Classify: news articles about Technology, Entertainment, Sports, Politics, etc.LR Applicaions-3Email Spam Filtering-Classify emails as Spam or Not Spam. K Means Clustering Algorithm Operates

on given data set through pre-defined number of clusters, k. Support Vector Machine Learning AlgorithmLinear SVM's – classifiers separated by a hyper plane.Non-Linear SVM's- not possible to separate the training data using a hyper plane. Used for stock market forecasting.He took an example of Housing price variation with respect to the plinth area with various hypothesis

and how to arrive at the lowest price using Linear Regression method. If m be the number of training

examples, input variables/ features in X' axis and the output variable/target variable in Y' axis as a

linear equation with various assumptions as constant-C ie. Y= mx+c

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Plotting the various prices and its area, than calculating the deviation from the linear equation, he tried

a to arrive a average of root mean square to draw a three dimensional figure the bottom of which

shows the lowest priced house.

He Choosed the Parameters as below :

And showed the cost function variaton as below

He also explained the deviation and standardization method to be adopted and the anomaly detection

so as to fix the blag sheep in the case of Stock marketFor anomaly detection the procedure followed is to flag any malpractice in very high volume high

frequency data transactions / communications. Detect a possible insider trading in a stock market,

Flag a rogue customer transaction Strategic applications of this analysis are:1.Automating Employee Access Control,2.Protecting

Animals,3 Predicting Emergency Room Wait Times,4. Identifying Heart Failure,5. Predicting Strokes

and Seizures,6. Predicting Hospital Readmissions. He said Classification of news articles from

thousands of sources gets neatly segregated under topics in Google News or any major news

aggregating portals. Other areas in which this methods used are 1) Automatic speech recognition -- speech to text, 2)

Automatic Voice/Face/Finger print recognition -,3) Natural Language Processing, 4) Automatic

Medical diagnostics, 5) Automatic packaging plants, 6) Email spam detection, 7) Advertisements

(Goog le Ad sense , sponso red ads ) /Recommenda t ions eng ines ( ne t f i x ) ,8 )

Bioinformatics/computational biology, 9) Computational Neuroscience, 10) Content (image, video,

text) categorization,11) Suspicious activity detection from CCTVs ,12) Frequent pattern mining, and

13)clustering, classification, regression, frequent episode, frequent pattern, probability models, etc

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The lecture was very much appreciated by the participants even though in involved statistics,

Integration and differential equations, as the audience comprised of Corporate Members, Professors

and staff and Students of Engineering Colleges. Dr.N.Balaji, FIE., Principal, KLN College of

Information Technology presented the memento to the Chief Guest. Mr.R.Narayanasamy, Jt. Hon.

Secretary delivered the vote of thanks. The meeting was adjourned after National Anthem

Date:June 30, 2017Source:Princeton University, Engineering SchoolSummary:Researchers developed a new type of smart window: a self-powered version that promises to be

inexpensive and easy to apply to existing windows, with potential to save heating and cooling costs.

The window powers itself with a transparent solar cell that harvests near-ultraviolet light

1. Madurai Local Centre 4th committee meeting.2.National Poster Competition for School Children from July to September on the theme “Save

Water,Save Life”3.Lecture meeting on Topic: “Town Planning Rules and Regulations

Present Scenario” by Mr.S.P.Mohamed Ali,Dy.Director,Town and Country Planning,Madurai Region.5. One day Seminar on on the topic of “Product life Cycle Management” under the

aegis of MCDB in association with KLN College of Engineering6. Engineers day .Theme:”ROLE OF ENGINEERS IN A DEVELOPING

INDIA”7. - Dr.A.P.J.Abdulkalam's Birth day and World Standards Day.8. 28th &29th 0ctober 2017, 25th IEI Convention and Technicians'/Students' Convention at

Goa-Theme:”Role of Engineers towards Skill India Mission”9. 33rd National Convention of Electrical Engineers, November 24th & 25th, 2017 at

Tiruchirapalli on the topic ” Hybrid AC/DC power Systems for effective utilisation of renewable energy”10. 14th December - Energy Conservation Day11. 98th Annual General Meeting And 32nd Indian Engineering Congress is proposed to be

held at Chennai on at Hotel Le Meridian,Chennai.Theme:”Innovation

in Engineering-Competitive Strategy Perspective”12. Two days All India Seminar on 4th & 5th Jan 2018.on the topic Mechanics, Design & Testing

of Composite materials. Under the aegis of MCDB at KLN College of Engg.13. National Conference on Power Engineering -2018 at Thiagarajar College of Engineering

on

August 8th, 6.00PM

August 24th, 6.00PM.

19-8-2017

15th September 2017

15th October

21,22 &23rd December 2017

9-3-2018 &10-3-2017

Self-powered system makes smart windows smarter

Forth Coming Events

What is New?

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Smart windows equipped with controllable glazing can augment lighting, cooling and heating systems

by varying their tint, saving up to 40 percent in an average building's energy costs.

These smart windows require power for operation, so they are relatively complicated to install in

existing buildings. But by applying a new solar cell technology, researchers at Princeton University have

developed a different type of smart window: a self-powered version that promises to be inexpensive

and easy to apply to existing windows. This system features solar cells that selectively absorb near-

ultraviolet (near-UV) light, so the new windows are completely self-powered.

"Sunlight is a mixture of electromagnetic radiation made up of near-UV rays, visible light, and infrared

energy, or heat," said Yueh-Lin (Lynn) Loo, director of the Andlinger Center for Energy and the

Environment, and the Theodora D. '78 and William H. Walton III '74 Professor in Engineering. "We

wanted the smart window to dynamically control the amount of natural light and heat that can come

inside, saving on energy cost and making the space more comfortable."

The smart window controls the transmission of visible light and infrared heat into the building, while

the new type of solar cell uses near-UV light to power the system.

"This new technology is actually smart management of the entire spectrum of sunlight," said Loo, who is

a professor of chemical and biological engineering. Loo is one of the authors of a paper, published

June 30, that describes this technology, which was developed in her lab.

Because near-UV light is invisible to the human eye, the researchers set out to harness it for the

electrical energy needed to activate the tinting technology.

"Using near-UV light to power these windows means that the solar cells can be transparent and occupy

the same footprint of the window without competing for the same spectral range or imposing aesthetic

and design constraints," Loo added. "Typical solar cells made of silicon are black because they absorb

all visible light and some infrared heat -- so those would be unsuitable for this application."

In the paper published in Nature Energy, the researchers described how they used organic

semiconductors -- contorted hexabenzocoronene (cHBC) derivatives -- for constructing the solar cells.

Graduate student Nicholas Davy holds a sample of the special window glass

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The researchers chose the material because its chemical structure could be modified to absorb a

narrow range of wavelengths -- in this case, near-UV light. To construct the solar cell, the

semiconductor molecules are deposited as thin films on glass with the same production methods used

by organic light-emitting diode manufacturers. When the solar cell is operational, sunlight excites the

cHBC semiconductors to produce electricity.

At the same time, the researchers constructed a smart window consisting of electrochromic polymers,

which control the tint, and can be operated solely using power produced by the solar cell. When near-

UV light from the sun generates an electrical charge in the solar cell, the charge triggers a reaction in

the electrochromic window, causing it to change from clear to dark blue. When darkened, the window

can block more than 80 percent of light.

Nicholas Davy, a doctoral student in the chemical and biological engineering department and the

paper's lead author, said other researchers have already developed transparent solar cells, but those

target infrared energy. However, infrared energy carries heat, so using it to generate electricity can

conflict with a smart window's function of controlling the flow of heat in or out of a building.

Transparent near-UV solar cells, on the other hand, don't generate as much power as the infrared

version, but don't impede the transmission of infrared radiation, so they complement the smart

window's task.

Davy said that the Princeton team's aim is to create a flexible version of the solar-powered smart

window system that can be applied to existing windows via lamination.

"Someone in their house or apartment could take these wireless smart window laminates -- which

could have a sticky backing that is peeled off -- and install them on the interior of their windows," said

Davy. "Then you could control the sunlight passing into your home using an app on your phone,

thereby instantly improving energy efficiency, comfort, and privacy."

Joseph Berry, senior research scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, who studies solar

cells but was not involved in the research, said the research project is interesting because the device

scales well and targets a specific part of the solar spectrum.

"Integrating the solar cells into the smart windows makes them more attractive for retrofits and you

don't have to deal with wiring power," said Berry. "And the voltage performance is quite good. The

voltage they have been able to produce can drive electronic devices directly, which is technologically

quite interesting."

Davy and Loo have started a new company, called Andluca Technologies, based on the technology

described in the paper, and are already exploring other applications for the transparent solar cells.

They explained that the near-UV solar cell technology can also power internet-of-things sensors and

other low-power consumer products.

"It does not generate enough power for a car, but it can provide auxiliary power for smaller devices, for

example, a fan to cool the car while it's parked in the hot sun," Loo said.

Story Source: Materials provided by Princeton University, Engineering School. Original written by

Sharon Adarlo. Note: Content may be edited for style and length

After discussion, Dr.P.Rajamani, Chairman, ELDB, Presented Memento to the Chief guest.

Mr.R.Narayanasamy, Jt. Hon. Secretary, delivered vote of thanks. The meeting was adjourned after

National Anthem.

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Story Source:Materials provided by Princeton University, Engineering School. Original written by Sharon Adarlo.

Note: Content may be edited for style and length.Journal Reference:Nicholas C. Davy, Melda Sezen-Edmonds, Jia Gao, Xin Lin, Amy Liu, Nan Yao, Antoine Kahn, Yueh-Lin

Loo. Pairing of near-ultraviolet solar cells with electrochromic windows for smart management of the

solar spectrum. Nature Energy, 2017; 2: 17104 DOI: 10.1038/nenergy.2017.104

Editor:

Hon. Secretary

Madurai Local Centre,

Er.T.M.JAMBULINGAM BHAVAN,

No.1, 120 Feet Road, Surveyor Colony,

K.Pudur, Madurai-625007.

Phone-0452 - 4373067

Web: www.ieimadurailc.org

E.mail: iei_mrc@yahoo.in,

madurailc@ieindia.org

Er.J.Samuel, M.I.E.,The Institution of Engineers(India),

Editorial Board:

Er.K.Vijayakumar, FIE.,

Dr.P.Rajamani,FIE.,

Er.R.Ponbadi,FIE.,

Dr.S.Ganapathy,FIE.,

Er.S.Subramanian,FIE.,

Er.A.Jaffer Sadiq Babu.MIE.,

Er.S.Rajagopal, MIE.,

Chairman:

Committee: