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The Institutional Framework for The Institutional Framework for Public Housing YBhg. Datuk Mohamad Yusoff bin Ghazali Deputy Director General National Housing Department National Housing Department Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) 16 th July, 2012

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The Institutional Framework forThe Institutional Framework for Public Housing

YBhg. Datuk Mohamad Yusoff bin GhazaliDeputy Director GeneralNational Housing DepartmentNational Housing DepartmentMinistry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG)16th July, 2012

CONTENTS

(1) AFFORDABLE HOUSINGHousing Housing 

DevelopmentDevelopment

(1) AFFORDABLE HOUSING- Housing AffordabilityDefinitionsBasic Components- 3 Tier Goverment- Institutional Framework- Housing Programs and Initiatives- Role of The National Housing Policy (NHP)- Role of The National Housing Policy (NHP)

(2) THE WAY FORWARD(2) THE WAY FORWARD- Emulating Successful Models

2

HOUSING AFFORDABILITY - Definitions

“Adequate in quality and location; and its cost does not cost prohibit itsoccupants meeting other basic living costs or threaten their enjoyment ofbasic human right”

PR1MA Report, 2012

“A type of housing for low-income people, which has a variety of othernames such as social housing, public housing and low cost housing”

UN Habitat 2011

MALAYSIA: Any house which is being sold below RM300, 000 WHY

UN Habitat, 2011

MALAYSIA: Any house which is being sold below RM300, 000 WHYApproximately 76% of Malaysians are earning below RM5,000 monthly.

Credit line of 30% Current BaseCredit line of 30%of the net incomefor the housing loan

Current BaseLending Rate(BLR) of 6.60%

MAXIMUM AFFORDABLE PRICE RM300,000 AND BELOW

3

Department of Statistics Household Income Survey, 2009

HOUSING AFFORDABILITY – Basic Components

CAPITAL VARIABLES OCCUPATIONAL VARIABLES

MATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTS MATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTSMATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTS

LandInfrastructure

MATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTS

Land leaseService costs

House Occupation

C t

House Purchase

C tBuilding materialsLabor and profits

Building maintenance

Housing

CostCost

cFINANCEDown payment

FINANCEInterest rates and loan period

Housing Affordability

for household

SAVINGS AND DEBTSSavings and other assets

SAVINGS AND EXPENDITUREIncome

Ability to finance

purchase

Ability to financially

service(minus)Outstanding debts

(minus)Non housing expenditures

4Source: UN Habitat 2011

3TIER GOVERNMENT

Housing is prescribed under the Concurrent List of the Federal Constitution:

F d l R l tiFederal Government

RegulationLicensing of DevelopersSales & Advertising Permits

State Government Land Approval / ConversionLow-cost and Low Medium Cost Quota

Local Authorities

Quota

Planning Approval Building Plan ApprovalLocal Authorities Building Plan Approval

5

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

HOUSING PLAYERSFederal Government

States Government

• SEDCs

States Government • MHLG • MRRD - RDA• KWPKBKWPKB • PMO – PR1MA• MoF – SPNB• MoA Private Sectors

Local Authorities and other Agencies

REHDANon-REHDA Financial Institutions

• Housing DevelopersB k

• MHLG (Housing Loan Scheme)M F th h C Sd Bhd (Ski• Contractors Banks • MoF through CagamasSdn. Bhd. (Skim Rumah Pertamaku)

• MoF - Housing Loans for Civil Servants

• Project Financing / Bridging Financing

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Project Financing / Bridging Financing• Mortgage

HOUSING PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVESSummary of Various Housing Programs and Initiatives

PROGRAMS CHARACTERICS

Public Low-Cost Housing Program (PLHP) by Federal and states Government

• Shelter to buyers with monthly household income of RM1,500 and below• Selling price not exceeding RM35,000 per unit

Program Perumahan Rakyat Bersepadu (Bersepadu MTEN) by MHLG

• Squatters / Low income Group• Houses for rental at lower rate (RM124 per month)

People’s Housing Program (PHP) by MHLG

• Replaced PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM2,500 and below • Specifications: 650 – 700 sq ft, 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms; and Living

room and kitchen

Sites and Services Scheme by Local Authorities

• Those who not eligible for PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM300-RM500 (Peninsular

Malaysia, RM400-RM650 (Sabah and Sarawak)

Housing Program by Regional • E.g. FELDA, PERDA, FELCRAg g y gDevelopment Authority (RDA) and Land Scheme

g• Houses for settlers

Rural Programs by Ministry or Rural and Regional Development (MRRD); and

• Various programs for rural areas to eradicate poverty among the rural poor• e.g. PPRT , Program Pembangunan Masyarakat Setempat, Penyatuan

Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.

Semula Kampung dan Pusat Pertumbuhan Desa

Various Programs under Syarikat Perumahan Negara Berhad (SPNB)

• To increase the supply of houses costing RM150,000 and belowRumah Mesra Rakyat – buyers with household income < RM1,500R h M Milik b ith h h ld i < RM2 000

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Rumah Mampu Milik - buyers with household income < RM2,000

Special Housing Fund by Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)

• Set up under Budget 2012 to build and refurbish fishermen’s houses with basic infrastructure.

NEW DIRECTION FOR PUBLIC HOUSING

Sale of public housing to the tenants e.g. PHP Batu Berendam, Melaka andPHP Lembah Subang II (Petaling Jaya Selangor)PHP Lembah Subang II (Petaling Jaya, Selangor).Note: This was decided by the Cabinet on 30th Mei, 2012

Expansion of PHP for sale in other statese.g. Kepong (Selangor), Sentul (Kuala Lumpur), Pulau Tioman (Pahang), Inanam(Sabah) and Gua Musang (Kelantan)

8

HOUSING PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVESSummary of Various Housing Programs and Initiatives

PROGRAMS CHARACTERICS

Public Low-Cost Housing Program (PLHP) by Federal and states Government

• Shelter to buyers with monthly household income of RM1,500 and below• Selling price not exceeding RM35,000 per unit

Program Perumahan Rakyat Bersepadu (Bersepadu MTEN) by MHLG

• Squatters / Low income Group• Houses for rental at lower rate (RM124 per month)

People’s Housing Program (PHP) by MHLG

• Replaced PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM2,500 and below • Specifications: 650 – 700 sq ft, 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms; and Living

room and kitchen

Sites and Services Scheme by Local Authorities

• Those who not eligible for PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM300-RM500 (Peninsular

Malaysia, RM400-RM650 (Sabah and Sarawak)

Housing Program by Regional • E.g. FELDA, PERDA, FELCRAg g y gDevelopment Authority (RDA) and Land Scheme

g• Houses for settlers

Rural Programs by Ministry or Rural and Regional Development (MRRD); and

• Various programs for rural areas to eradicate poverty among the rural poor• e.g. PPRT , Program Pembangunan Masyarakat Setempat, Penyatuan

Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.

Semula Kampung dan Pusat Pertumbuhan Desa

Various Programs under Syarikat Perumahan Negara Berhad (SPNB)

• To increase the supply of houses costing RM150,000 and belowRumah Mesra Rakyat – buyers with household income < RM1,500R h M Milik b ith h h ld i < RM2 000

9

Rumah Mampu Milik - buyers with household income < RM2,000

Special Housing Fund by Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)

• Set up under Budget 2012 to build and refurbish fishermen’s houses with basic infrastructure.

ROLE OF THE NHP

To provide adequate, comfortable, quality andaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofthe quality of life of the people

The NHP consists of 6 key policy thrusts and 20 policy statements

i. Formulation of the NHP Action PlanR l f bli d i t t i h i i i

Strategies:

Role of public and private sector in housing provisiono Low cost houseso Medium cost houses

Enhancement of Government’s housing service gdelivery system

o policy coordination and implementation

ii E t bli h t f th C itt f M it i d

IMPROVING COLLABORATION AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN

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ii. Establishment of the Committee for Monitoring and Evaluation of NHP Action Plan

AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN THE HOUSING SECTOR

NATIONAL HOUSING POLICY (NHP)GOAL: to provide adequate, comfortable, quality and affordable housing to

h th t i bilit f th lit f lif f th lenhance the sustainability of the quality of life of the people

i. Providing adequate and quality housing with comprehensive facilities and a conducive environment;TI

VES

;ii. Enhancing the capability and accessibility of the people to own or rent houses; andiii. Setting future direction to ensure the sustainability of the housing sector.

OB

JEC

T

Comprises 6 key policy thrusts and 20 policy statements:

T1: Provision of Adequate Housing Based on The Specific Needs of Target Groups

T2: Improvement of The Quality and Productivity Of Housing Development

T3 E h i Eff ti I l t ti d E i C li Of Th H iT3: Enhancing Effective Implementation and Ensuring Compliance Of The Housing Service Delivery System

T4: Improving The Ability Of The People To Own And Rent HousesT4: Improving The Ability Of The People To Own And Rent Houses

T5: Sustainability Of The Housing Sector

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T6: Enhancing the level of social amenities, basic services and livable environment

ROLE OF THE NHP

To provide adequate, comfortable, quality andaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofthe quality of life of the people

The NHP consists of 6 key policy thrusts and 20 policy statements

i. Formulation of the NHP Action PlanR l f bli d i t t i h i i i

Strategies:

Role of public and private sector in housing provisiono Low cost houseso Medium cost houses

Enhancement of Government’s housing service gdelivery system

o policy coordination and implementation

ii E t bli h t f th C itt f M it i d

IMPROVING COLLABORATION AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN

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ii. Establishment of the Committee for Monitoring and Evaluation of NHP Action Plan

AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN THE HOUSING SECTOR

ROLE OF THE NHP - PROVISION OF PUBLIC HOUSING

[1] Diversity - Various type of public housing needed e.g. studio for single people, bigger size and

more rooms for bigger familiesmore rooms for bigger families- Rental model where different rental rate is charged according to the monthly

household income

[2] Criteria - Eligibility criteria needs to be reviewed at a fixed period

[3] Maintenance of Public Housing- Demerit scheme- Monthly maintenance / rental via direct debit- Government Maintenance Facilitation Fund

90:10 (for maintenance of public common areas for low cost)

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EMULATING SUCCESSFUL MODELS

Can we emulate the successful models of other countriese.g. Housing Development Board (Singapore), Council Housing

(U it d Ki d ) H i P id t F d (Chi )(United Kingdom) or Housing Provident Fund (China)

CHALLENGES POSSIBILITIES

• Tier-Government

• Data – ownership

• Enhancement of Current EPF Scheme –Saving scheme to purchase house

• Financial Constraints • Specific banks to provide housing loans for affordable housing

• Single entity to design build and manageSingle entity to design, build and manage all federally-funded housing

• Construction loans to the potentials developers

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developers

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