THE INTERNATIONAL EFFORT AGAINST

GOVERNMENT CORRUPTION

Marielle Abella

THESISThe international community has made a concerted effort through case law, statutory law, and the formation of specialized organizations to increase government accountability and facilitate the prosecution of public corruption to deter the abuse of public office across the globe.

DEFINITION

“the abuse of public office for private gain”

(Ofosu-Amaah, Soopramanien, Uprety, 1999)

TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL

UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION

UNITED STATES FEDERAL LAW

Title 18 of the United States Code

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act

Ethics in Government Act

UNITED STATES COURT CASES

Dixson v. United States

United States v. Addonizio

United States v. Kenny International Corp.

THE MCDONNELLS

THE GIFTS

CODE OF VIRGINIA § 2.2-3115: The members of every governing body and school board of each county and city and of towns with populations in excess of 3,500 shall file with the Council, as a condition to assuming office or employment, a disclosure statement of their personal interests and other information as is specified on the form set forth in § 2.2-3117…

§ 2.2-3117: "Gift" means any gratuity, favor, discount, entertainment, hospitality, loan, forbearance, or other item having monetary value. It includes services as well as gifts of transportation, lodgings and meals, whether provided in-kind, by purchase of a ticket, payment in advance or reimbursement after the expense has been incurred.

PICTURE CITATIONS [Transparency International Logo] http://asecforum.org/internship-at-the-transparency-international/

[Corruption Perceptions Index Map] http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Corruption_perception_index_2012.png

[States Party to the UNCAC] https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/treaties/CAC/signatories.html

[United States Code] http://www.adrtoolbox.com/2014/11/law-code-software-engineering-approach-analyzing-united-states-code/

[Gavel] http://www.fau.edu/sg/branches/judicial_branch/

[Robert McDonnell] http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/08/former_virginia_governors_corr.html

{McDonnell Gifts] http://knowmore.washingtonpost.com/2014/01/22/here-are-all-the-illegal-gifts-former-virginia-governor-bob-mcdonnell-is-accused-of-accepting/

[Maureen McDonnell] http://www.zimbio.com/photos/Maureen+McDonnell/Closing+Arguments+Held+McDonnell+Corruption/LSkPEh7YdFg

[Question Mark] http://www.crossfitpulse.com/wod-12812/question-mark/