the internet of things a promising market · 4 obsolescence“plain old telephone service”(pots)...

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1 Alain Louchez Managing Director of CDAIT Georgia Institute of Technology (“Georgia Tech”) Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. June 15, 2017 Guadalajara, Mexico The Internet of Things: Understanding the Issues and Challenges of a More Connected World

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Page 1: The Internet of Things A Promising Market · 4 Obsolescence“Plain Old Telephone Service”(POTS) and circuit-switched networking demise, voice market saturation coupled with rise

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Alain Louchez

Managing Director of CDAIT Georgia Institute of Technology (“Georgia Tech”)

Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A.

June 15, 2017Guadalajara, Mexico

The Internet of Things:Understanding the Issues and Challenges of a More

Connected World

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2A Lot of (Confusing) Noise about the Internet of Things!

Edvard Munch “Der Schrei der Natur“, 1893: oil, tempera and pastel on cardboard, National Gallery, Oslo, Norway.

Source: http://masivaecologica.com/articulo-ultimo-miercoles-de-abril-dia-internacional-de-la-concienciacion-del-ruido

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3Internet of Things: What is it about?

The expression Internet of Things (IoT) is best understood as a metaphor

that encapsulates the immersion of almost anything and everything

(previously “out of scope”) into the communications space thanks to the

timely convergence of scientific, technological, and societal advances

and trends.

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Obsolescence “Plain Old Telephone Service” (POTS) and circuit-switched networking demise, voice market

saturation coupled with rise of Internet Protocol and data

Sensors Increasing availability of a wide range of (increasingly cost-effective and powerful) macro, micro, and nano-

sensors (true also of radio modules and actuators) – Moore’s law and beyond

Infrastructure and Identification Cloud/Edge Computing, data storage, and IPv6, i.e., 340 trillion

trillion trillion addresses, fueling Big Data explosion (note: predecessor IPv4 limits the address space to 4.3 billion addresses)

Regulation Direct (e.g., emergency calls and smart metering mandates in the European Union; and, e.g., 2007

Energy Act, 2011 Food Safety Modernization Act, and 2013 Drug Supply Chain Act in the U.S.) or indirect (e.g., domains for which IoT technologies are well suited for complying with regulation such as monitoring of pollution, privacy, safety & security)

Interconnection Global pervasiveness through a broad variety of cellular, satellite, wired and other wireless

networks and protocols

Society Need for immediate feedback, remote access, control and monitoring, independence (“aging in place”),

interdependence (long supply chains), and regional and national priorities (e.g., “Industry 4.0”)

Major IoT Enabling Trends: Why Now?

January 19, 2017

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5Internet of Things: Rupture With The Past?

Consumer IoT

Industrial IoT

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Internet of Things: Revolution because….?

Interconnection of Things Intelligent

Storming of the Bastille, by Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent Houël (28 June 1735 – 14 November 1813)

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The Internet of Things will give rise to a world in constant change, i.e., a “pulsating world”. Why “pulsating”? Because things will be sending and

receiving data.

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The Internet of Things is a transformational journey, which has only just begun and is fraught with many

puzzles to solve and challenges to overcome.

The Internet of Things: Real? When? How Big? Etc.

Jean-Baptiste Joseph Pater (French artist, 1695-1736), The Fortune Teller, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles

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“The United States should develop a national strategy to encourage the development of the Internet of Things in a way that maximizes the

promise connected technologies hold to , foster future

, and improve the Nation’s .”

(*) H.Res.847 - Expressing the sense of the [U.S.] House of Representatives about a national strategy for the Internet of Things to promote economic growth and consumer empowerment, September 12, 2016.

The Internet of Things: Impact on Society as a Whole

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UP

Operational Efficiencies

Regulatory Compliance

The Internet of Things: Impact on Businesses

Product as a Service (outcome-based)

Brand new ecosystems (tied to the delivery, maintenance, upgrading, and leveraging of “smart goods”, i.e., products born with embedded intelligence.)

DOWN

UP

C R

P

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“The fourth industrial revolution [‘Industry 4.0’] is being powered by the internet of things and big data to develop cyber physical systems and

smart factories.” (*)

(*) Speech delivered by Rt. Hon. Jeremy Corbyn, leader of the U.K. Labour Party, to the Confederation of British Industry (CBI)’s annual conference in London, November 21st, 2016.

The Internet of Things: The Dawn of Industry 4.0

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12Evolving Role of Machines in Industrial Revolutions

Steam Power Electric Power Computer Power

Interconnection Power

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13Technological Challenges to IoT Development (1)

System TRUSTWORTHINESS (cybersecurity, privacy, safety, reliability, resilience, sustainability, and transparency)

ENERGY source (enhanced battery life, energy harvesting, etc.)

INTEROPERABILITY (need for standards)

New ARCHITECTURES - computing at the edge and/or in the cloud, etc. (need for commercial, government and academic collaboration)

Impact on DATA CENTERS (data storage, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), etc.)

MINIATURIZATION and COST-EFFECTIVENESS of sensors & other interfaces with physical world (overcoming limits of Moore’s law)

“La posibilidad de realizar un sueño es lo que hace que la vida sea interesante”

Paul Coelho

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DATA ANALYTICS (aggregation, correlation and analysis)

Need for materials that can be recycled or reused to minimize adverse environmental impact of IoT DEVICE WASTE (e.g., toxicity)

ENTERPRISE ORGANIZATION (e.g., merger of Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT))

ANTENNA technologies (antennas are critical IoT elements)

INTEGRATION of complex value chain (IoT orchestration and automation)

Link between the past and the future (re. LEGACY systems: pre-Internet assets continue to provide value, but need IoT connectivity)

Technological Challenges to IoT Development (2)

“Atreverse es lanzarse a triunfar con tal perseverancia hasta llegar a la cima”

Miguel Ángel Cornejo

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ETHICS (we can but should we?; need for a code of ethics in IoT?)

EDUCATION (future workforce) & TRAINING (current workforce, i.e., “re-skilling”) – broad range of expertise needed

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT (e.g., business models; monetization [ROI], marketing; etc.)

HESITANT DEMAND for IoT solutions (more so in Consumer IoT thanin Industrial IoT)

ADVOCACY (What is IoT?, IoT potential? IoT benefits? How to overcome resistance to change and complexity? etc.)

TECHNICAL TRADE-OFF MANAGEMENT (value judgment), e.g., security vs. speed; power consumption vs. features, etc. – Whomakes the choice/decision?

Non-technological Challenges to IoT Development (1)

Popocatépetl

“Si no escalas la montaña, jamas podrás disfrutar el paisaje.”

Pablo Neruda

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Access to FINANCING and favorable tax environment to foster IoT innovation

ROLE OF GOVERNMENT (too much or not enough?, regulatory silos?): POLICY (e.g., digital development), LAWS (e.g., liability, intellectual property, and data sovereignty) and REGULATIONS (e.g., frequency availability and devicecertification)

EXPECTATIONS (“Amara’s law”, i.e., we tend to “overestimate the effect of a technology in the

short run and underestimate the effect in the long run”, long-term transformation vs. short-term demands)

International COOPERATION and COMPETITION

SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY (e.g., Net job destruction? Solution to demographicchallenges? “Surveillance society”? How much intelligence in the devices? Whocontrols? Who monitors the controllers? etc.)

Existence of “DOMESTIC/GLOBAL DIGITAL DIVIDE” (pertaining to age, disability, gender, income, ethnicity, location, etc.)

Non-technological Challenges to IoT Development (2)

Pico de Orizaba

“Si al franquear una montaña en ladirección de una estrella el viajero se

deja absorber demasiado por losproblemas del escalamiento se arriesgaa olvidar cuál es la estrella que lo guía.”

Antoine de Saint-Exupery, Carta a un rehén, 1943

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The Internet of Things is taking off: What are we going to do?

AQUÍ Y AHORA

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THANK YOU!

[email protected]