the internet of things the next technology revolution

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved. Usman Sarwar Internet of Things Lab Wireless Communication Cluster Internet of Things: The next technology revolution 3rd International Conference on Network Applications, protocols and Services (NetAPPS) 2012, 20 Sep 2012

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This presentation provides overview of IoT technology from multifold perspective. It illustrates the IoT technological development areas, Market trends, platforms, IoT research and application trends.

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Page 1: The internet of things the next technology revolution

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Usman Sarwar

Internet of Things Lab

Wireless Communication Cluster

Internet of Things: The next technology revolution

3rd International Conference on Network Applications, protocols and Services (NetAPPS) 2012, 20 Sep 2012

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Presentation Outline

• What is IoT?• IoT Technological Developments• Market Trends• IoT Research• IoT Applications

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT definition• “Internet of Things: Anytime, anywhere, by anyone and anything.” By ITU, November

2005

• “A global network infrastructure, linking physical and virtual objects through the exploitation of data capture and communication capabilities. This infrastructure includes existing and evolving Internet and network developments. It will offer specific object-identification, sensor and connection capability as the basis for the development of independent cooperative services and applications. These will be characterised by a high degree of autonomous data capture, event transfer, network connectivity and interoperability”. by EU CASAGRAS Project

• “The vision of the internet of things is to attach tiny devices to every single object to make it identifiable by its own unique IP address. These devices can then autonomously communicate with one another.” By FinancialTimes

• “Things with identities & virtual personalities operating in smart spaces using intelligent interfaces to connect and communicate within social, environmental, and user contexts.” by MIMOS Bhd

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Characteristics of IoT

Internet of Things

ComputingAnytime

Any content

ContentAnyone

Anybody

CollectionAny Service

Any Business

CommunicationAny path

Any Network

ConnectivityAny placeAnywhere

ConvergenceAnything

Any device

“We are heading into a new era of ubiquity, where the users of the Internet will be counted in billions, and where humans may become the minority as generators and receivers of traffic. Changes brought about by the Internet will be dwarfed by those prompted by the networking of everyday objects “ – UN report

4

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Importance

• IoT will be the most important industrial trend in the next 10 years.

• By 2020, IoT can become a new round of growth, potentially trillion dollar industry.

• US, China and Korean upgraded IoT to a national strategic level industry

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT Challenges

User based Interaction

Machine to Machine

Millions of connections

Trillions of connections

Little mobility

High Mobility

Data Information

User Managed Self Managed

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Today’s Internet of Things “behaviour”

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Real-time location-based info.

74%Weather apps60%

Maps/Navigation/ Search

51%Health apps29%

Want connected system in car

60%

7

Share more

content

From more

resources

Withmore

people

more often

more quickly

Moti

vato

rs

Payment apps71%

User Experience with enriched services/products

Source: TrendsSpottting; IBM; Gartner; Ericsson

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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GLOBAL IOT TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS

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Internet Revolution

Today

• 1.5 B internet enabled PC• >1B Internet enabled cell

phones

2020

• 50-100 B devices connected to Internet

• No. of mobile machine sessions will be 30x higher than mobile person sessions

• 100,000 B objects connected

1990’sWWW

2000’sMobile Internet

New era Internet of Things

19th CenturyMachines learn to do

20th CenturyMachines learn to think

21st CenturyMachines learn to perceive (sense

& respond)

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Evolution of Connected Devices

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Source: Cisco IBSG, April 2011

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Challenges

• Standardization• Heterogeneous platforms, communication

and software data sources and formats• Hardware, software and data compatibility• Making gap smaller between people and

technology• Building robust applications• Interoperability

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT Technological DevelopmentsDevelopment Areas Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015

Identification Technologies

•Different Schemes•Domain specific IDs•ISO, GS1, u-code, IPv6, etc

•Unified framework for unique identifiers•Open framework for IoT•URIs

•Identity Management•Semantics•Privacy-awareness•“Things DNA” identifier

IoT Architecture Technology

•IoT architecture specification•Context-sensitive middleware•Intelligent reasoning platforms

•IoT architecture developments•Network of networks architecture•IoT architecture in the FI•F-O-T platforms interoperability

•Adaptive, context based architectures•Self-* properties•Cognitive architectures•Experiential architecture

Communication Technology

•RFID, UWB, Wi-Fi, WiMax, Bluetooth, ZigBee, ISA100, 6LoWPAN

•Ultra low power chipsets, system on chip•On chip antennas•Millimeter wave single chips•Ultra low power single chip radios•Ultra low power system on chip•Mobility•Heterogeneity

•Wide spectrum and spectrum aware protocol•Unified protocol over wide spectrum

Network Technology •Sensor networks •Self aware & self organizing network•Delay tolerance networks•Storage networks and power networks•Hybrid networking technologies•Sensor network location transparency

•Network context awareness•Network cognition•Self learning, self repairing network

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT Technological DevelopmentsDevelopment Areas Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015

Software and Algorithm

•Relational database integration •IoT oriented RDBMS•Event-based platforms•Sensor middleware•Sensor network middleware•Proximity / localization algorithms

•Large scale, open semantic software modules•Next generation IoT-based social software•Next generation IoT-based enterprise applications

•Distributed intelligence, problem solving•The invisible IoT•Easy to deploy IoT software•Things to Human collaborations •IoT for all

Hardware •RFID tags and sensors•Sensors build in mobile devices•NFC in mobile phones•Smaller and cheaper•MEMs technology

•Multi protocol, multi standards reader•More sensors and actuators•Secure, low cost tags, sensors

•Smart sensors (Bio-chem)•More sensors and actuators (tiny sensors)•Nano-technology and new materials

Data & Signal Processing Technology

•Serial data processing•Parallel data processing•Quality of services

•Energy, frequency spectrum aware data processing,•Data processing context adaptable

•Context aware data processing and•data responses•Cognitive processing and•optimisation

Discovery and Search Engine Technology

•Sensor network ontologies•Domain specific name services

•Distributed registries, search and•discovery mechanisms•Semantic discovery of sensors and sensor data

•Automatic route tagging and•Identification•Automatic route tagging and•identification management centres•Cognitive search engines•Autonomous search engines

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT Technological DevelopmentsDevelopment Areas Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015

Power and Energy Storage Technologies

•Thin batteries•Li-Ion•Flat batteries•Power optimized systems•(energy management)•Energy harvesting (electrostatic,•piezoelectric)•Short and medium range•wireless power

•Energy harvesting •Printed batteries•Long range wireless power

•Self-Power•Energy recycling•Wireless power•Biodegradable batteries•Nano-power processing unit

Security and Privacy Technologies

•Security mechanism and protocol defined (RFID & WSN)•Security mechanisms and protocols for RFID and WSN•devices

•User centric context-aware privacy and policy•Privacy aware data processing

•Security & Privacy profiles based on needs•Privacy needs automatic evaluation•Context centric security•Self adaptive security mechanisms and protocols

Material Technology •Silicon, Cu, Al Metallization•3D processes

•SiC, GaN•Silicon•Improved/new semiconductor manufacturing processes / technologies for•higher temperature ranges

•Diamond

Standardization •RFID security•Passive RFID with expanded memory and read/write capability

•IoT standardization•M2M •Interoperability

•Standards for cross interoperability with heterogeneous networks

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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The Next Big Internet

Internet of ThingsTrillion nodes

Fringe InternetBillion nodes

Core InternetMillion nodes

Smart metering

Transportation

Logistics

Industrial Automation

Personal sensors

Phones

Building Automation

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT General Roadmap

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Standards related to IoT

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

MARKET TREND

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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• New Strategic Industries• Facilitating restructuring of industry• New public services • Technological innovations

Significance

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Internet of Things : Hierarchy of Needs

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Consumer Enterprise

Cost saving

Safety

Safety & security of personal & asset

Physiological/ Necessities

Health, food & utilities supply and comfort shelter

Employee satisfaction

EsteemEmpowerment,

Autonomously & Self-determined

New source of revenue

Customer satisfaction

Self-actualization

Personal fulfillment

Organization agility

Revenue generation

CollaborationLove/ Belonging

Socialization; Personalization

• Retail & Media [US$16.2B; CAGR @ 8.2%]

• Insurance [US$24B]

• Education

• Home security [US$12B; CAGR@33%]

• Industrial [US$46B]• Agriculture

[US$2B; CAGR@11%]

• Healthcare [US$12B; CAGR@36%]

• Utilities [US$16B]

• Logistics & Transportation [US$106B; CAGR @ 22%]

• Banking• Public safety [US$16.2B]

• Automotive – Telematics [US$37B; CAGR @ 27%]

Note: Figure indicate forecast revenue in 2015 in US$ billion; CAGR for 2011-2015

IoT : Blueprint20

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Internet of things value proposition

IoT : Blueprint © 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Hum

an b

ased

High intelligent @Dynamic environment @ System

Low intelligent @Static environment @ device

Information mining [US$47B] Automation & Monitor [US$25B]

Artificial Intelligence [US$95B]

Mac

hine

bas

e

Decision support [US$30B]

• Data collection• Embedded devices

• Static devices• Routine process• Process optimization• Optimize resource

consumption

• Complex autonomous sys.• Situational awareness• Smart system• Intelligent robotics• Experience enhancement

• Sensor driven analysis• New Knowledge generation

Strategic value

proposition

Note: [ ] indicates forecast global market revenue by 2017

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IoT market space in 2020 with presence of ~50 billion connected devices : US$2 trillion

Source: Smart 2020; Machine Research; KPMG; Ericson; http://engage.acma.gov.au/mobile-broadband-2020/

1000X data traffic growth with revenue opportunity : US$700B

Business revenue : US$ 1.2 trillion

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Market attractiveness : US$3.1 trillion by 2014

Source: Harbor Research Inc. 2010

(US$ B)

(US$ B)

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Rise of Machines

Year 2020 scenario……

IoT : Blueprint© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Internet connected devices

50BUtility meters

3B +

Mobile consumers with 7 connected devices

7.6 B• People with chronic welfare

diseases

• Automotive & transportation

1B +

Mobile Computing & M2M

US$77BConnected life spending

US$4.7TAnnual mobile monitoring devices & services

US$43B

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RFID

US$20B

Source: TrendsSpottting; IBM; Gartner; Ericsson

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IOT RESEARCH

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•Costs of energy, transport and health

•Huge inefficiency in energy, transport and health related processes

•Environmental threat

•Security threat•Untapped

potentials of ICT as smart enablers

Drivers

•Energy distribution and management

•Transport, mobility, architecture, urban planning

•Production, waste disposal, recycling

•Health, well being•Sports, leisure,

culture

Opportunities

Today’s Drivers and Opportunities

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Enablement technologies

Dev

ice

Networ

kIntelligence

Energy

Stan

dard

izatio n

• Power mgmt. system

• Power & energy storage

• Security• Privacy

• Identity access mgmt.• Authentication &

Authorization• Standards

• IoT architecture• Network discovery• Communication• Infrastructure• Relationship

network management

• Cost effective Identification mgmt/tagging mechanism

• Hardware : Miniaturization, self-managed

• Computing power• Storage• Software & Algorithms

• Data aggregation• Data & signal processing• Data integration/fusion• Discovery & search engine• Object/Sensor/RFID-based

apps.• Analytical tools• Intelligence tools

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Interaction between IoT and IoS

Better processes and better decision making

Execution and

Control

Monitoring and

Awareness

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT Global Research Need Before 2010 2010-2015 >2015

IoT Architecture Technology

•Intranet •Extranet •Internet (global scale applications, global interoperability)

Communication Technology

•Zigbee, 6LoWPAN, UWB

•Long range•Protocols for interoperability

•Plug and play tags•On Chip networks and multi standard RF architectures•Self configuring protocol, seamless networks

Network Technology

•Broadband Different networks (WSN, mobile networks)

•Cloud network•Hybrid network•Ad hoc network formation•Self organising wireless mesh networks•Multi authentication

•Integrated/universal authentication•Internet of Everything

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT Global Research NeedBefore 2010 2010-2015 >2015

Software and Algorithm

•Service oriented architectures•Embedded software

•Micro operating systems•Self management and control•Scalable autonomous software

•Evolving software•Self reusable software•Autonomous things

• Self configurable• Self healing• Self management

Hardware •MEMS•Low power circuits, chipsets, tags

•Antenna on chip •Collaborative tags•Self powering sensors•Biodegradable antennas

Security and Privacy Technologies

•Power efficient security algorithms

•Adaptation of symmetric encryption and public key algorithms from active to passive tags

•Context based security•Service triggered security•Cognitive security systems

Standardization •WSN•RFID•M2M

•Adoption of standards for “intelligent” IoT devices

•Evolutionary standards

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IOT APPLICATIONS

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• Gathering of information from various implementation scenarios based on the following parameters

Requirements

Parameters Description

Deployment •Pre-planned, scattered

Mobility •Nodes are static, low mobility, high mobility

Network Size •Small to high density nodes

Power Source •Battery operated, mains-powered, mix-mode

Security •Business critical, safety critical and not critical

Multi-hop Communication •Mesh topology, star topology, ad-hoc

Connectivity •Always connected, intermittent

Traffic Pattern •P2P, P2MP, MP2P

QoS Limited to High level of QoS

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Application Use-cases

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Use Cases

Logistics

Vehicle Tracking

Car Park Management

Traffic Management

Health

Hospital

Tele Health Monitoring

Animal Health

Military

Soldier Monitoring

Vehicle Monitoring

Battle Management

Environment

Forest Monitoring

Sea Monitoring

Smart Home & Office

Security & Management

Personnel Tracking

Asset Tracking

Child Monitoring

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Comm. between Gateway and Personnel Tracking Application (IP Communication)Comm. between Tracking node and the Gateway (802.15.4 Communication)

WCC Personnel Tracking Deployment

INTERNET

Personel Tracking System

Mobile Personnel TrackingApplication

Gateway-2 Gateway-1

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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PLATFORMS

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Some of the players in IoTHP CeNSE

FP7 E-SENSE

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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IoT Research around the worldOrganization Research

European Commission – Internet of Things

•The research is divided into groups and many organizations involve in various IoT research

Pachubewww.pachube.com

•Data brokerage platform for the internet of things, managing millions of data points per day from thousands of individuals, organisations & companies around the world.

HP CeNSE •Dramatically improve the manageability, power, and availability of future computing systems.•Significantly improve performance/cost of systems by leveraging future technology (e.g., nanophotonics, memristors, etc.).•Build new scalable, reliable and cost-effective cloud storage systems and develop systems to deal with the information explosion of unstructured data.•Advance coding, compression, and other information-theoretic technologies in support of next-generation memories, massive sensor networks, storage systems, and high-reliability computing.

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Nike + shoes

• The most well-known example of sensors in a non computing device.

• The shoes come with a sensor that tracks individual run and sends the data to iPod. It even has its own social network and can automatically tweet and post a status report on Facebook.

• Nike + can be set up to automatically post to Foursquare.

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Smart Public Transportation System•Backhaul – 4G, WiMAX, GSM, HSDPA•GPS Module•802.15.4 Module•Environmental Sensors attached• Gas Sensors: CO, CO2, NO2• Weather Sensors:

Temperature, Air Pressure, Humidity

• 802.15.4 Module

Internal sensors•Movement detection sensor (for detecting the number of passengers)

user

EthernetADSLFiberHSDPA

HSDPA/WiMAX/LTE

SPT Server

Mobile Device

IoT Infor-Board

SPT

Station

Payment System•NFC device•Mobile payment

© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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Conclusion

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© 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

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[email protected]