the issue study: east hampton school district and breath...
TRANSCRIPT
The Issue Study:
East Hampton School District and Breath Analyzers
Politics in Education Dr.Frank Smith
Submitted by: Tara Borner Jack Pryor
Thomas Rosati
Spring 2005
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction Pg. 3 Chapter 2: L iterature Review Pg. 6 Chapter 3: M ethodology Pg. 10 Chapter 4: Results/Analysis Pg. 12 Chapter 5: Conclusions/Recommendations Pg. 30 References Pg. 35 Appendix A Pg. 36 Appendix B Pg. 37 Appendix C Pg. 39 Appendix D Pg. 40
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Chapter I
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
utilize breath analyzers to test students suspected of being under the influence of alcohol.
Statement of Problem
The East Hampton School District, located on the Eastern end of Long Island, New York has
been debating the issue of using a breath analyzer test in order to determine if a student is
attending school while under the influence of alcohol. This effort has led to the temporary
resolution that the policy has not been instituted and is in the process of being revised.
.
Context of the Study
In recent months it has been bought to the attention of the East Hampton school board that
students are consuming alcohol and becoming intoxicated while attending school and school
sponsored events. According to a newspaper article published by The East Hampton Star, there
is an Internet site that shows pictures of specific examples of students associated with school
activities while consuming alcohol. Although this issue is not unique to the East Hampton high
school, parents of students and staff members of the high school are growing concerned. A
debate has emerged as to what action should be taken to address this issue. East Hampton
Newsday 6-8 ). As a result, the high school seeks to pass a breath analyzer policy that would
allow the East Hampton School to test students suspected of coming to class drunk.
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With the use of breath analyzers proposed as an idea to address the issue, many residents of
equated with telling-
of teaching in the United States. In this issue the School board is telling the community that the
use of breath analyzers is the best way to stop the problem of students drinking. Members of
the School Board think that the use of the breath analyzer test will be a deterrent to the students
and therefore will end the issue. However Haas and Poynor also discuss transaction teaching in
With this theory,
perhaps the best solution is not to use the breath analyzer test but look for alternate ways of
addressing this issue that involves the student and community.
emphasizes the importance of two basic leadership functions- task achievement and the
fulfillment of social needs of colleagues
Politics of School Management). Hoyle emphasizes the concept of coming to an agreement of
what the problem is. For this study the issue is coming to an agreement that student drinking is
a problem. A vision should be created on how to solve the problem.
The researchers think that this study is important to investigate because the town of East
Hampton is divided on this issue. While people agree that student drinking is a problem, a
conflict arises as how to address the problem. Should the East Hampton School District utilize
a breath analyzer test to a student they suspect of coming to school drunk or should alternate
methods be explored.
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Central Questions
The researchers of this study will explore four questions relating to this issue
1. Assuming that leadership is essentially a political act, (Hoyle) what strategic
representations (Stone) did the parties engage in the issue of student drinking?
2. What educational values (Stone, Haas) were embedded in those strategic
representations?
3. What temporary resolution of the issue was accepted?
4. Can the Stone framework serve as a useful conceptual framework?
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Chapter 2
The main issue for this discussion revolves around the proposal to use
breathalyzers in the East Hampton School District. The issue evolved over time
into a variety of issues affecting the East Hampton community. Much of this
interplay took place because of, or through local and National news media.
Articles written in these papers form the chronology and core of the literature
used for this paper.
The process of looking at these issues was constructed through the
The Art
complex array of considerations rather than a definitive endpoint. (p. 37) In the
research can be categorized and allow a style of synthesis to be utilized.
These are the main categories that Stone identifies as areas that define
making process in a political environment:
1) Politics- The model of the simplest version of society that retains the
essential elements of the politics. The discussion of this particular topic
highlights areas that Stone calls Concepts of Society.
2) Goals- The rational attempt to attain objectives. Stone feels that the fluidity
of the decision making process often equates goals with values, and as criteria
for evaluation and assessment.
3) Problems- The statement of a goal and the difference between it and the
status quo.
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4) Solutions- Ongoing strategies for structuring relationships and coordinating
behavior to achieve collective purposes.
Each of these broad categories has numerous subcategories which look at
particular aspects of a problem and help identify the features and components
that become a part of the decision making process.
These sub-topics are summarized in this chart:
Politics Goals Problems Solutions Community
M arket and Polis
Equity Symbols
Stories of
Decline
Inducements
Concepts of
Society
Efficiency Numbers Rules
Motivations Security Causes Facts
Influences L iberty Interests Powers
Common
Problems
Decisions Rights
Loyalty Decisions Rights
G roups
Information
Passion
A lliances
Certain checkpoints in the Stone analysis are not included for the
discussion in this paper, because for this particular topic, they may not have
been considered critical to the decision making process, or could not easily be
substantiated from the sources used. Because of the emphasis of this paper
falling under the sphere of politics, the chart also shows a further breakdown
into the areas considered by the author as Concepts of Society. In addition the
category of Symbols was used to look at the importance of generalizations and
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statements that were made during the discourse in the community. Stone refers
to these particular types of statements as Stories of Decline.
Also at issue is a point that Stone makes that a problem of this nature
does not have a definitive final endpoint. Decisions are considered to be
Temporary Resolutions, and are a part of the organic nature of decision-
making. A solution for some is a problem for others.
In this paper the breathalyzer issue has what at first appeared to be a
fairly static endpoint with a unanimous school board vote taken on January 20th
with a subsequent procedural revote of the issue during the next scheduled
board meeting. This issue has started a chain of events that is ongoing, and has
changed the emphasis of the issue dramatically over the time period included in
the study.
To provide better context to the primary research instruments some
additional literature is also included in this study. These include information
about the closing of a local bar for selling alcohol to minors, and the citing of
legal cases related to the statements attributed to Professor Bernard James about
similar legal challenges.
The Stone model as a tool for analysis of dynamic political issues has
been summarized in the last item in this chapter. It represents some of the
complexities and factors involved with filtering this discussion through the
benchmarks that are part of the Stone model. Like a photograph capturing a
single frame of an action, the chart does not allow great ability to illustrate the
ebbs and flows, and dimensionality of writing about a complex issue. The main
Stone features are highlighted with some level of trying to demonstrate the
cyclical nature of the decision making process.
A feature that was added to the chart is the nature of how this issue is
affected by factors that are shadowy or nebulous and may not appear on the
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surface to have a direct impact on the issue at hand. The use of Synecdoche,
In the diagram, the eyes of the community, as well as how solutions
decision making process. Similarly the twisting path needed to follow the flow
of a decision can feel like it has been influenced by the fabled chicken and egg
scenario, in which came first and what action followed, is not always clear.
As the reader progresses through this analysis, they should remember that the
political process is not something that is easy to write about with decisions that
can be neatly tied up with a bow. Stone cites in the book written by David
Robertson and Dennis Judd about American public policy about rational
researchers in this study wholeheartedly agree.
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Chapter III
Methodology
Introduction
effort to utilize breath analyzers to test students suspected of being under the influence of
alcohol.
Setting and Subjects The setting for this study is the East Hampton School District, located on the east end of Long
Island, New York.
The Subjects for this study are: Seven members of the East Hampton Board of Education Dr. Raymond Gualtieri Superintendent Dr. Scott Farina High School Principal
Claudia Pliato-Maieta, President PTA Chris Tracey, Athletic Director Michael Tracey, BOE/Police Todd Sarris, East Hampton Police Amanda Angel, East Hampton Star Laura White, Parent Albert Fierro, Student Daniel Otto, Student Kevin Flaherty, Student James Westfall, Student
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Data Collection
This study was conducted through qualitative data analysis. The data consisted of four
interviews conducted by the researchers. In addition issues of Newsday, The New York Times,
and the East Hampton Star were used as source material
Data Analysis
The researchers of this study analyzed the data taken form the newspaper articles and
interviews. The newspaper articles and interviews were categorized into four areas according
determined that the data was concentrated primarily around political concepts according to the
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Chapter IV
Background and History Leading into the Time Segment under Review
East Hampton is a small community on Long Island approximately a hundred miles east of
New York City. During the summer months it is the playground of the rich and famous. The
clear air and ocean beaches give East Hampton all the attraction it needs. Once the summer
season ends, the busy summer town becomes a quiet community of mostly blue-collar workers
and their families. Some of these families have been in the area for over a hundred years. Most
very well and many are inter-related.
The Administration in the East Hampton School District changed last summer when two men
from rural Pennsylvania came as a team. The new Superintendent and High School principal
had previously used the practice of meeting on a monthly basis with the school social worker,
guidance counselors, school nurse and other support staff for the high school and middle
school in order to familiarize themselves with what was going on with the student body. This
policy was met with support in East Hampton.
One of the topics raised during these discussions was substance abuse prevention. One
particular issue covered was the school policy of allowing twelfth graders off campus for lunch
because of overcrowding. The high school was built for 700 and currently has 1,200 students.
There was concern that students were drinking or taking drugs during the lunch hour and
returning to school drunk or high. Police set up surveillance at local beaches, parking lots, and
teen hangouts.
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There was also concern that on teen nights, a local club was serving under-aged people.
Community parents brought it to the attention of the School administration that there were
websites with photos of students in clubs, at house parties and beach parties smoking marijuana
and drinking alcohol. After further examination the administration found that some of the
students portrayed in these pictures were the children of police officers and teachers, so they
were left with the dilemma of a course of action to take. District administrators called the
parents of the students identified on the web sites and discussed the ramifications of their acts.
These meetings led to the question of consequences and if a change in policy was necessary.
In November and December the group began to develop a plan to change the student code of
conduct that would incorporate the use of breathalyzers. Their plan was based on
recommendations of the Local BOCES based on their research of other districts that have
implemented similar policies.
Originally, the detection plan designated the Assistant Principal as the administrator of the test.
A discussion centered on the fact that from a medical point of view, the nurse would be better
The concern was voiced about the possible breach of confidentiality if the school nurse
administered the test. Would this place the students in a situation where they were afraid to go
to the nurse? Most felt that the students needed to be able to trust the nurse and the
responsibility of administration of the test returned to the Assistant Principal.
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Board President Wendy Hall and John Ryan are on the fence as to the issue of using alcohol
and drug detection devises. Mike Tracy, Steve Talmage, and Sandy Vorpahl are for the use of
breathalyzers. Theresa Quigley and Laura Anchor Grossman are against the use of
breathalyzers. Several members have children in the district. Mike Tracy has children in the
district and is a local police official.
Initially, the Board was unanimously in favor of the idea of using the detection equipment in
school during the school day and voted as such during the January reading of the policy at the
school board meeting. The School Board did however, become divided on this issue during the
next few weeks. The School Board then followed the procedures established for code of
conduct changes, which need to have a motion read into the record at two consecutive
meetings.
At this point the power of the press became evident and how it can affect the decision making
process. The East Hampton Star wrote about the Breathalyzer situation, The East Hampton Star,
which is a local paper is also a stringer for the New York Times. The Times National Edition
picked it up, making it a national issue, thrusting a community that likes to follow the Vegas
motto of what happens there, stays there, under a microscope. The apex of this negative
publicity ridiculing the supposed slam-dunk approval was when Jay Leno and he used it on his
television show with East Hampton as the punch line.
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When it was time for the second reading of the policy, two of the most vocal supporters of the
policy happened to be out of town at the same time. Board members who were against the use
of breathalyzers pushed for a vote. It was approved by a 3 to 2 margin. A school district with a
seven-person board needs a minimum of four votes to change policy so the decision to use
breathalyzers was in fact defeated by law. This temporary resolution has put the policy in
limbo and it is now being considered for revision.
The official stance is that the first policy was written too tightly and was defeated. East
Hampton school personnel are in the process of rewriting it. They wanted it in place by Prom
season, however, it has to be read into the minutes twice and they will run out of time for this
year. There is a committee meeting with the principal to attempt to reach a happy medium and
hopefully the problem centered on the breath analyzer policy will be resolved. The difficulty is
write a policy that will be accepted b
A secondary problem arose after parents complained to the principal that newspaper reporters
about the breath analyzer scenario were interviewing their children. The principal responded by
issuing a gag order, telling students and reporters that they could not converse without parental
approval. The students feel this is in violation of their civil liberties. Concerned parents and the
newspaper have been very verbal as to their feelings. All this negative publicity may impact on
upcoming budget and bond referendums scheduled for May and June of this year.
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The way a small pebble was the undoing of Goliath, the breath analyzer issue may become the
vote for a $91 million expansion on June 21, 2005. East Hampton School District is also a
feeder district with five school districts sending their high school students to the East Hampton
facility. Montauk, Springs, Wainscott, Amagansett and Sagaponack all send their
upperclassmen to the East Hampton School District. These districts have been asked to sign a
30-year agreement to continue sending their students to East Hampton. If the referendum is
defeated, it will impact on all six districts.
The timeline for this process (Appendix A) shows how over time, a variety of influences affect
the decision making process. The wave and flurry of negative press and publicity vividly
demonstrate how an issue being pushed up a hill can become akin to the stone Sisyphus
controlled. A negative backlash has an additional force added through the gravity of the issue
being added to the weight. In East Hampton the gravitational push has accelerated over time,
creating a situation where it has become harder to regain ground. Pan
opened, and the political paradox it has created is threatening to roll over anyone behind it
trying to put on the breaks.
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As Stone suggests and this case illustrates, final decisions are not made, but in reality
temporary resolutions are reached. These temporary resolutions create new threads and
allegiances, often creating paradoxical relationships. There is no direct and clean pathway to a
strategic representation. As the issue changes, the strategic representation and polis are also in
flux.
Members of the Polis who made strategic representations concerning the breath analyzer issue
were initially identified and interviewed. The researchers found that there can be internal
ideological mission, supporters and detractors will waiver, or not appear as passionate about a
subject at various points on the process. For example, Stone spoke about a senator who lost a
vote considered it a victory since it had forced people to take a side on a controversial issue.
These fluxions can be seen in statements by two participants.
ry pro-Principal, anti-
Civil Liberties Union. He believes kids are kids and need to be watched over. More so, he likes
the new, untenured principal who took a stand against a very unpopular issue.
Arthur is backing the new guy who is trying to buck the politics. The teachers have been in a
whirlpool for the past decade; there have been ten principals in 11 years. They want to like t,
his guy, right or wrong, and want to see him succeed.
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Wendy Hall, BOE President, was a little surprised as to the amount of publicity this situation
has gotten. She feels the new UNTENURED Principal has been very open with his viewpoint.
, February, , The East
liberties. Others agree with the intended policy. Hall feels that the open campus policy in the
district creates a heightened level of student safety concern.
In our research, this type of losing by winning can be seen throughout. This evolution of a
topic over time can easily mask the original intentions, which in this case can be seen it the
previous statements. The pathway and the main players involved from the community are
highlighted in the chart (Appendix B). This has been included to visually demonstrate how the
progression of this issue has been non-linear. The chart also addresses some of the other
influences impacting the pathway that have been taken and how decisions have been
influenced by various elements and players.
.
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For this project the analysis centered on skills needed to organize and cull material from the
research that affect the decision making process in a political environment. Making sense out
of rhetoric or positional statements are what Stone believes gives an administrator the edge in
navigating through the mire can envelop and transform a central issue as it goes through
temporary resolutions.
The researchers took information and statements made in interviews or from newspaper
quotations. These factors were then arranged to match the areas Deborah Stone discussed as
features that contribute to understanding the political paradoxes, by grouping this information
have been written in a green font, while statements that are against the issue are in red. Quotes
that remain in black were considered to be ambivalent or neutral regarding breathalyzers, but
served as good examples of statements that were readily classified in the area chosen.
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Politics-What are the problems and who are the players? The M arket and the Polis
After identifying the strategic representation that underage drinking was a problem in the East
Hampton School District, all people interviewed agreed that it was a common problem.
used to look at statements that appeared to be political in nature. These were:
Common Problems
The pictures on the Internet were specific examples of students associated with the school -
They were incriminating- Dr.Farina, Principal EHHS
-Todd Sarris, EH Police
I think we all know alcohol is a problem in our schools and we want to address it- Wendy Hall,
School Board President EH
-I was just trying to address a need- Scott Farina,
Principal EHHS
- James Ryan, EHHS Student
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Loyalty
The Teachers of the East Hampton High School support the Principal in this policy whether
they agree with it or not.
I like the new untenured principal, who is taking a stand against a very unpopular issue.
Arthur Goldman, T Union
If the board demands that the ban be overturned, it will find itself at odds with its own
administrators. Editorial, East Hampton Star
Influences
The strategic representations regarding the testing policy issue are split. One side supports
while the other rejects.
Support the use
school under the influence of any substance Claudia Pliato Maieta, President EHHS PTA
I am really pleased that we are di
our schools and community- Anker Grossman, BOE member
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fall, senior EHHS
Does not support the use
-
Albert Fierro, EHHS student
Albert Fierro, EHHS student
I think th -
Hampton kids are Daniel Otto, EHHS student
This is an overreaction. I know the whole senior class and no one drinks at school- Kevin
Flaherty, Senior EHHS student
Passion:
The strategic representation is split.
Support the use
-
it-Chris Tracey, Athletic Director EHHS
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I have worked in this district for 32 years-
Does not support the use
A breath analyzer is a law-enforcement toll. At most, school officials are meant to be stand- ins
for parents, not police officers. They are also role models who ought to set a standard for
treating others with dignity-considering that most students are not showing up drunk at school
in the first place-and expecting the best of them instead of the worst. EH Star editorial
A lliances
The strategic representation is in agreement.
Kids are kids and need to be watched over. Arthur Goldman, Teacher Union
After all they are still children. We need to protect them. - Wendy Hall BOE
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Goals- What are the expectations of members of each group?
Efficiency
The strategic representation is in agreement
It takes the guesswork out of what we do- If technology is such that people are able to use this
Scott Farina,
Principal EHHS
This is a tool that we can use We can get a sense of how much a student drank and determine
their level of intoxication. We can get them medical attention if they have had too much Scott
Farina, Principal EHHS
Security
The strategic representation is in agreement
The possibility of an alcohol related accident is a greater concern. The number of teens who die
in fatal accidents that involve alcohol has been growing in Suffolk County, Todd Sarris EH
Police
What I dread is a phone call on Sunday morning that four kids are wrapped around a tree.
m a little farther
upstream- Mike Tracey BOE/Police
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As a parent and a school board member, I am worried about drug and alcohol use in the school
- Theresa K. Quigley, BOE and parent
Liberty
The strategic representation is against the issue
right to speak freely is covered under the first amendment and has been upheld in
court, most notably in the 1969 Tinker vs. Des Moines Independent School District. Amanda
Angel, East Hampton Star
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Problems-What is really wrong?
The strategic representation is divided.
Does support issue
It is no secret that if I had the space to house the students, I would reconsider our open campus
policy- -
Scott Farina Principal EH
Does not support the issue
begot discussion of another issue affecting students aside from alcohol use- their right to speak
to reporters on school grounds. Amanda Angel, East Hampton Star
Symbols
The strategic representation does support the issue
The breath analyzer idea was apparently amusing enough to be the fonder for the joke on the
Numbers
The strategic representation does not support the issue.
With a $90 million bond referendum set for June on a new middle school and other building
projects, the district can scarcely afford the kind of controversy that has greeted its proposal to
buy an alcohol detection device for the high school.
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Editorial, East Hampton Star
Decisions
The strategic representation does not support the issue
Does not support
- Anker Grossman BOE member
h analyzer I think we need tons of discussion
Theresa Quigley BOE member
The policy is experimental. If the breath analyzer is shown not to work as a disciplinary tool, it
will be abounded. EH Star editorial
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Solutions How can the problem be fixed?
Rules
The strategic representation is divided on the issue
Does support the issue
The underlying assumption is that in litigious times certifiable proof, proof in black and white,
is necessary when dealing with every aspect of human behavior. -EH Star Editorial
Does not support the issue
are rare, and represent untested grounds\ for most districts-Officials National drug control
policy
Such policies easily survive legal challenges, but often crumple under community opposition.
Prof. Bernard James, Pepperdine University
Breath analyzer s do not violate any laws, mainly because there has been little ligation in that
area. This by no means sweeping the state Davis Ernst NYS School Board Association
Rights
The strategic representation is divided on this issue
Does support the issue
Is it fair for a reporter to talk to students without their parents? They are minors. Scot Farina,
EHHS principal
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Does not support the issue
I really fear the long-
state within the school- Theresa K. Quigley BOE and parent
One school official went so far as to suggest that a reporter who interviewed students off
campus would be acting unethically, If anything unethical here, it is the administration, who in
rights as Americans. - Editorial, East Hampton Star
Power
The strategic representations do not support the issue
-bound high scholars, might not
want to buck the administration. Editorial, East Hampton Star
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Chapter5
Conclusion
The initial issue of breath analyzer use evolved over time to other issues. Alliances through
including a major school rebuilding bond issue, and freedom of speech are some of the major
issues that have been presented through strategic representations.
After a review of the interviews conducted and the literature available, several conclusions and
many questions arise. Most admit that under aged drinking is prevalent in the East Hampton
area. Clearly, the community is split on whether or not alcohol consumption is a real problem
at East Hampton High School during school hours. Image and credibility are also factors.
Many are not willing to accept the problem nor do they want to draw greater scrutiny to the
community. Furthermore, even if drinking during school hours is documented, many do not
feel the use of detection equipment is warranted. There is passion on each side of this issue.
One side crying out for the safety of the students, the other demanding the rights of students be
protected.
From a legal standpoint, the district has the right to test students suspected of being intoxicated.
The issue has passed judicial investigation. The administration also has the right to protect
students from the media pending parental consent. From a national viewpoint, the use of
alcohol detection equipment has had little community support.
Clearly, the freedom of speech issue would never have come up had the breath analyzer issue
never made it into the school board agenda. This reactionary decision was made without clear
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communication between the various levels of administration. Very possibly, the decision to
make breath analyzer use a policy was also made in haste; what seemed like a good idea at first
was rethought. The first time it was voted on, the board was unanimous. Shortly thereafter, the
board was split.
The initial issue of the breath analyzers has reached a temporary solution. It was voted down
and is in the process of being revised. Should it be? The district would be wise to investigate
how prevalent in-school drinking is. Only one student has been identified as having brought
alcohol into school over the past school year. This does not appear to be a problem.
perhaps that issue needs to be explored and alternate solution put into place to protect students.
After reviewing the
stages may have been one of the biggest detriments to this process. If he had a better
understanding of the school and community culture, he might have reacted differently. The
possible financial ramifications probably were not obvious to the new principal at first, but the
passionate response to many of these strategic representations, once the nerve was hit, have
now created larger problems. The referendum is no longer solely based upon the use of
breathalyzers. Precipitated by a knee jerk reaction by the principal issuing the gag order, the
upcoming referendum on the building project and the breath analyzer issue have become votes
lead. Some of this may have been saved by the
passing of the school budget, but a negative vote on the bond referendum in June may create
shock waves that resonate all the way back to the superintendent.
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Now that the bin/ bucket has sprung some leaks, supportive waters may soon dry up. Like the
may seriously impede his ability to lead in this setting. (Appendix C)
The new principal should be applauded for trying to implement change, however, it appears
that the breathalyzer issue was made without being researched and the ensuing negative
publicity could have devastating effects on the budget vote this month and the building
referendum next month. We feel this issue should be abandoned until data is collected to show
that in-school consumption of alcohol is a real problem. An adequate method of fairly
administrating any invasive policy needs to be researched and only implemented with
community support.
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Revisiting the Essential Questions
The researchers of this study were asked to look at four questions relating to the mechanics
using specific methods of research on this particular study.
1. Assuming that leadership is essentially a political act, (Hoyle) what strategic
representations (Stone) did the parties engage in the issue of student drinking?
This case was primarily a political act, and numerous strategic representations were seen.
These have been summarized during the review of the Stone principals above. For this
2. What educational values (Stone, Haas) were embedded in those strategic
representations?
This issue focused more on the administrative process then classroom practices. The issue
may not have been seen as having great educational values.
This case serves as a good example of the effect of the policy paradox of the decision
making process for school administrators and how it can be affected by the political
environment
3. What temporary resolution of the issue was accepted?
The temporary resolution was not to use breathalyzers at this time. The temporary
solution triggered a national focus on a private community, with bad press seriously
unity. This temporary resolution has
created far-reaching ripple effects that are now emerging as central issues initiated by
reaching that temporary resolution.
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4. Can the Stone framework serve as a useful conceptual framework?
The Stone framework worked well for developing a conceptual framework for this issue
and will be considered as a viable methodology for future research projects.
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References
Angel, A. (2004, December). EAST HAMPTON: Worry Over Student Drinking. The East Hampton Star.
Angel, A. ( 2005, January). Breathalyzers Are Proposed At HighSchool;Expansion price drops;auditors are fired. The East Hampton Star.
Angel, A. (2005 February) . No Breathalyzers at School Yet: With two absences, board fails to rally four votes for student alcohol tests. The East Hampton Star.
Angel, A. (2005, April). SCHOOLS: Students Silenced After Bad Press. The East Hampton Star. Freedman, M. ( 2005, February). Breather on school alcohol test, Measure to analyze breath of students suspected of drinking falls short of needed votes in East Hampton. Newsday p.16-17.
Haberstroh, J. ( 2005, January). Putting it to the test. Newsday p.6-7.
-Healy, P. ( 2005, March). Sobriety Tests Becoming Part of School Day. The New
York times p. 7-9.
The East Hampton Star.
holding their breath about a policy enabling them to test students who are suspected of drunkenness. Newsday p. 6-8. East Hampton Union free School District (n.d.) Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved June 16,2005 from http:// www.ehufsd.org
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Appendix B
Charting the F low of an Issue- The Progression of an issue through the Players in the Polis
Confronting Substance
Abuse by Students Shut Down
of Local bar
Rep Group is formed
Minimal need to confront substance abuse
Open Campus Policy
New Supt. and Principal hired
Supporting Use
Against Use
Students School Board
Teachers Parents Communit
y
Use of
Breathalyzers
Research Starting Point
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Appendix C The F low of Support for Principal Farina
Board Meeting 1/20/05
Support for Using Breathalyzers
Board Meeting 2/2/05 Support for
Using Breathalyzers
Farina
Farina
Star Article 2/3/05
Support for Using
Breathalyzers
N.Y. Times Article 3/3/05
Support for Using
Breathalyzers
Farina Farina
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Gag Order 3/5/05
Breathalyzers Tabled For Further Discussion
Star Editorial 4/7/05
Farina
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Appendix D
Policy Paradox Breathalyzer Bins
Equity Efficiency Security Liberty
Numbers Causes
Interests Decisions
Goals
Problems
Solutions
Stories of Decline
Concepts of Society Motivations Influences Common Problems Loyalty Groups Information Passion Alliances
The Market and the Polis Politics
Temporary Resolutions
Solutions are Cyclical Resolutions create
additional problems
Solution
Problem
Symbols