The Jackson Heart Study— Graduate Training and Education Center- Daniel Hale Williams Scholar

Program

Orientation and Research Camp- April 14-17, 2014

Research DesignClifton C. Addison, Ph.D., Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, Mississippi

Beginning with Statistics

What is statistics? Sample—representative of population

Population—target group of interest

Two Types of Statistics

Descriptive Statistics

Characteristics of Groups (frequency/percentage, means, standard deviations)

Inferential Statistics

Exploring how variables relate to each other

Hypothesis Testing

Any research study---answer questions

Differences—groups on variables

Relationship, association, correlation--variables

Hypothesis of difference

Hypothesis of association

Example of Descriptive Statistics--Diabetes Related Deaths In Mississippi

0102030405060708090

100

1995 1996 1997 1998

Year

Num

bers

Per

100

,000

African American

Mississippi

Example of Inferential Statistics---ANOVA Table

Types of Research Designs

Quantitative – numbers, measurement—measurement of quantity or amount—using numbers to measure performance, behaviors, attitudes, status etc.

Qualitative—human behaviors and habits--observation- exploring a subject in depth, generate ideas---seeks to understand social phenomena from the viewpoints of those being studied.

Quantitative Design

Descriptive—Characteristics Correlation—relationship, association Post facto/causal comparative-cause-effect Experimental—cause-effect, manipulation

Quasi-experimental—cause-effect-no

manipulation

Qualitative Design

Focus Groups Case Studies Historical Studies Ethnographical Studies Phenomenological Studies -interviews, survey designs - not dependent upon sample size, unique, and not easily replicated

Deciding Between Quantitative and Qualitative

Based on aims and objectives---within the research question/hypothesis

Components of the Research Design Section

Sample—procedure for selecting group-- recruitment of participants

Instrument– means of data collection-- conducting clinical examinations-- Conducting survey interviews with participants

Statistical Analysis—test (process) for examining the data

Questions??

Thank You!!