the joint esa-jaxa cloud-aerosol-radiation mission earthcare tobias wehr @ esa and terry nakajima
TRANSCRIPT
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The Joint ESA-JAXA Cloud-Aerosol-Radiation Mission
EarthCARE
Tobias Wehr @ ESA and Terry Nakajima
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Mission SummaryMission Objective
Understanding of cloud-aerosol-radiation interactions so as to
include them correctly and reliably in climate and NWP models
Required Global Observations:• Vertical profiles of natural and anthropogenic aerosols, their
radiative properties and interaction with clouds.• Vertical distributions of atmospheric liquid water and ice,
their transport by clouds and their radiative impact.• Cloud distribution (‘cloud overlap’), cloud-precipitation
interactions and characteristics of vertical motions within clouds.
• Retrieval of profiles of atmospheric radiative heating and cooling through the combination of the retrieved aerosol and cloud properties.
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The EarthCARE Joint Mission Advisory Group
(JMAG):
Co-chairs: A.J. Illingworth, T. Nakajima
Members: H. Barker, A. Beljaars, H. Chepfer, J.
Delanoë, D. Donovan, J. Fischer, P. Kollias, H.
Kumagai, T.Y. Nakajima, H. Okamoto, M. Rapp,
N. Sugimoto, Y. Takayabu, U. Wandinger
Observers: G. Stephens, D. Vane, D. Winker
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Instruments ATLID (High Spectral Resolution Lidar: HSRL)
• 34mJ @ 355nm, telescope 62cmf, FOV 30m• Mass 486kg, Power 585W, Data rate <660kb/s
CPR• 94.05GHz, Peak power 1.6 kW@BOL, 1.5 kW@EOL• Antenna 2.5 mf, PRF 6100Hz to 7500Hz• Resolution: 500 m v, 750 m h, Sens. -35dBZ (10km)• Doppler range ±10 m/s, accuracy 1 m/s (10km int., >-
19dBZ)• Mass 270 kg, Power 316 W, Data rate 270 kbps
MSI• Swath 150km, FOV 500m• 0.67, 0.86, 1.65, 2.2, 8.8, 10.8 and 12.0 mm• Mass 56 kg, Power 86 W, Data rate 515 kbps
BBR• FOV 10kmx10km• SW (0.25-4 mm, 2.5 W/m2 str), LW (4-50, 1.5 W/m2 str)• Mass 48 kg, Power 45 W, Data rate 139 kbps
Telescope
Telescope support baseplate (TSB)
Struts
M1
M2
Power Laser Head (PLH)
ATLID Stable Structure Assembly (SSA) and equipments
Radiator
Beam-Expander (E-BEX)
Emission baffle
Main plate
MREF
Structure
Platform
QOF
DPM
Mounting fastner
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Aerosols: Vertical profiles of extinction and characteristics of aerosols
Clouds: Vertical profiles of liquid, supercooled and ice water, cloud overlap, particle size and extinction
Vertical motion: Convective updraft and ice fall speed
2-D Context: Clouds and aerosols horiz. structures
Radiation and Flux: Broad-band SW & LW @ TOA
Needs Techniques
Broadband Radiometer
BBR
Radar
Lidar
CPR
ATLIDUV & HSR
EarthCARE instruments
Temperature and humidity from operational analysis
Doppler Radar
CPR with Doppler
Multi-spectral Imager
MSI
Mission Summary
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Final antenna measurement has been done. Beam pointing and sidelobe characteristics will be evaluated in
comparison with calculated pattern.
Azimuth cut (TX Primary)
CPR Development Status Antenna pattern measurement
w/o Thermal-shield film
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Doppler Velocity Measurement Accuracy
Error
Factor
Antenna
Attachment
Angle
Phase error
(Transmitter/ Receiver &
phase detector)
Stellite
Attitude
Uncertainty
of vertical
speed
Error
CategoryBias Bias
Harmonic
(thermal
distortion)
Bias, RandomBias,
Harmonics
Error
(Beofre
Correction)
0.0075deg 0.2m/s 0.0115deg. 0.2m/s 0.8m/s
Method for
Calibration
Model of
thermal
distortion
Internal Calibration
Residual
error0.2m/s 0.0025deg. 0.2m/s 0.8m/s
Velocity
Error0.20m/s 0.034m/s 0.20m/s 0.80m/s
Total RSS
Error
Sensor Satellite Limit of Doppler
estimation
due to spread
velocity spectrum
0.97m/s
0.0075deg
Measurement before
launch (launch shift
etc. are considered)
0.0025deg.
0.34m/s
Antenna Pointing
Error
Doppler velocity accuracy Budget (CPR baseline = JMAG May 2008)
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Raw data
500m( CPR L1 data )
1km
2.5km
5km
10km
Radar ref. factor Doppler velocity
Simulation of EarthCARE/CPR product (PRF 7200Hz )Y. Ohno @NICT
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Payload & Level 1 Products:
HSR Lidar: λ=355nm with depol. channel:
– L1: attenuated backscatter profiles
95GHz Radar with Doppler (JAXA/NICT):
– L1: Reflectivity and Doppler profiles
Multi-spectral Imager, 4 solar + 3 TIR channels
– L1: TOA radiances and brightness temperatures in 7 spectral bands
Broad-band Radiometer, 3 fixed FoV
– L1: Filtered top-of-atmosphere radiances short- and long-wave
Viewing geometries
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Satellite and ground segment
Launch: 2016Launch: 2016Mission: 3 yrs (incl. 6months commissioning)+ 1yrOrbit: MLST 14:00, 393km, 97°, 25/9 daysDry launch mass: 1873kgAverage power consumption: 1645 WCommunications: S-band, X-band
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Science Data Products
Data volume per orbitLevel 1: >20 GBLevel 2: >55 GB
ES
A L
evel
2 P
roce
ssin
g C
hain
Data analysis flow
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Example: A-Train Observations
CloudSat Radar
CALIPSO Lidar
target classification
MODIS
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Example Data UsageMeteorology: Model Improvement
Model improvement: ECMWF using CloudSat/CALIPSO data, “off-line”
ECMWF (ESA Contract 1-5576/07/NL/CB “QuARL”)
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Date Use Example: Cloud Assimilation
Credits: ECMWF (ESA Contract 1-5576/07/NL/CB “QuARL”)
First step: 1D-VAR cloud radar profile assimilation
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IR (10.8 m) brightness temperature
NICAM global simulation : 2008 TC Fengshen (Nasuno et al. 2009)
RSTAR (CEReS; JMA satellite center)[Nakajima and Tanaka 1988][Sekiguchi and Nakajima 2008]
MTSAT (JMA, Japan)+ Chiba Univeristy, CEReS)+ globally-merged IR (CPC, NOAA)
• Tb, sim of convective clouds < Tb, obs in tropics• More occurrence of the congestus (Tb, sim ~270 K)
in tropics• High above convective cores simulated• NICAM shows lower (higher) cloud top
CloudSAT 94 GHz CALIPSO 532 nm
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Conclusions
Finalizing the design of the EarthCARE instruments and satellite
EM performance tests have been done
Ground segment system design has been finished
L2 software implementation started
ECSIM and J-Simulator producing simulation results
Validation RA issued (JAXA)