the labor movement
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The Labor Movement. The Changing American Labor Force. Working Conditions. 10+ hours days Few “means of egress” No compensation for illness Occupational hazards Mine collapses Industrial Accidents. Child Labor. Child Labor. “Galley Labor”. Worker/Owner relationship - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Labor Movement
The Changing American Labor Force
The Changing American Labor Force
Working Conditions
• 10+ hours days
• Few “means of egress”
• No compensation for illness
• Occupational hazards– Mine collapses– Industrial Accidents
Child LaborChild Labor
Child LaborChild Labor
“Galley Labor”“Galley Labor”
• Worker/Owner relationship
• Paternalistic Impersonal
• Principles of Scientific Management
Labor Unrest: 1870-1900Labor Unrest: 1870-1900
The Molly Maguires(1875)
The Molly Maguires(1875)
JamesJamesMcParlandMcParland
The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: Pinkerton
Agents
The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: Pinkerton
Agents
Management vs. LaborManagement vs. Labor
““Tools” of Tools” of ManagementManagement
““Tools” of Tools” of LaborLabor
““scabs”scabs”
P. R. campaignP. R. campaign
PinkertonsPinkertons
lockoutlockout
blacklistingblacklisting
yellow-dog yellow-dog contractscontracts
court injunctionscourt injunctions
open shopopen shop
boycottsboycotts
sympathy sympathy demonstrationsdemonstrations
informational informational picketingpicketing
closed shopsclosed shops
organized organized strikesstrikes
““wildcat” strikeswildcat” strikes
A Striker Confronts a ScabA Striker Confronts a Scab
Knights of LaborKnights of Labor
Terence V. PowderlyTerence V. Powderly
An injury to one is the concern of An injury to one is the concern of all!all!
Knights of LaborKnights of Labor
Knights of Labor trade cardKnights of Labor trade card
Goals of the Knights of Labor
Goals of the Knights of Laborù Eight-hour workday.Eight-hour workday.
ù Workers’ cooperatives.Workers’ cooperatives.
ù Worker-owned factories.Worker-owned factories.
ù Abolition of child and prison labor.Abolition of child and prison labor.
ù Increased circulation of greenbacks.Increased circulation of greenbacks.
ù Equal pay for men and women.Equal pay for men and women.
ù Safety codes in the workplace.Safety codes in the workplace.
ù Prohibition of contract foreign labor.Prohibition of contract foreign labor.
ù Abolition of the National Bank.Abolition of the National Bank.
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labor and
Monopoly
The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labor and
Monopoly
Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886
Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886
• Anarchy– Belief that all forms of government are
harmful– Supreme belief in common sense
Haymarket Riot (1886)Haymarket Riot (1886)
McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.
Haymarket MartyrsHaymarket Martyrs
Governor John Peter AltgeldGovernor John Peter Altgeld
The American Federation of Labor: 1886
The American Federation of Labor: 1886
Samuel GompersSamuel Gompers
How the AF of L Would Help the Workers
How the AF of L Would Help the Workers
ù Catered to the skilled worker.Catered to the skilled worker.
ù Represented workers in matters of Represented workers in matters of national legislation.national legislation.
ù Maintained a national strike fund.Maintained a national strike fund.
ù Evangelized the cause of unionism.Evangelized the cause of unionism.
ù Prevented disputes among the many Prevented disputes among the many craft unions.craft unions.
ù Mediated disputes between Mediated disputes between management and labor.management and labor.
ù Pushed for Pushed for closed shopsclosed shops..
Homestead Steel Strike
(1892)
Homestead Steel Strike
(1892)
The Amalgamated The Amalgamated Association of Association of
Iron & Steel WorkersIron & Steel Workers
Homestead Steel Homestead Steel WorksWorks
Big Corporate Profits!Big Corporate Profits!
The SocialistsThe Socialists
Eugene V. DebsEugene V. Debs
The Hand That Will Rule the World One Big Union
The Hand That Will Rule the World One Big Union
The Rise & Decline of Organized Labor
The Rise & Decline of Organized Labor
Right-to-Work States TodayRight-to-Work States Today