THE LATE MIDDLE AGES

Ring around the RosiesRing around the RosiesPocket full of posiesAshes, ashes (or a-

choo, a-choo)We all fall down!

The Black Death/Plague Passed from country to

country along trade routes Infection spread by fleas &

rats (fed on blood) Symptoms: swollen lymph

nodes (groin, armpit, neck) – sometimes egg-sized

Coughing & spitting blood Body smell

Spread of the Black Death

Eyewitness account, p.565

Illustration, Toggenburg Bible (1411), above

Disfigured monks being blessed (wikipedia), below

Danse Macabre, inspired by the Black Death (above)

“Doctor Beak of Rome”, plague doctor(below)

Facts Death estimate: 1/8-1/2

Europe’s population 2/3 of some cities wiped

out Self-imposed quarantines

began (although they didn’t exist formally)

Skeleton became popular feature in art, music & literature

Social Effects Morals disappeared (some areas) More pious (other areas) – lots of gifts to

churches Church weakened Jews became scapegoats – many burned

to death Labour shortages

Early “cures” (do not copy) People were superstitious and thought

the following would work: bathing in human urine wearing of excrement placing dead animals in homes use of leeches drinking molten gold and powdered

emeralds

Economic Effects 150 years to recover Less food needed, agriculture suffered Fewer skilled craftsmen, prices of

manufactured good rose Innovation discouraged (too risky) Power shifted from city to countryside Peasant revolts

100 Years War Changes in warfare – European

recipe for gunpowder – changed fighting tactics

Cannons, muskets Rivalry between England &

France Who was the rightful king of

France? Actually lasted 116 years French soldiers drove English out,

thanks to Joan of Arc

Battle of Sluys, above(wikipedia)

Joan of Arc at the Siege of Orleans, below

Joan of Arc Illiterate peasant 17 years old Believed she heard voices –

told her to force the English out of France

Led army of several thousand French

Tried for heresy, executed - body burned 2-3 times

Church at the site of Joan of Arc’s execution, Rouen

Tower where she was imprisoned, Rouen(right)

Joan interrogated in her prison cell by the cardinal of Winchester, 1824 (below)

Joan at the Coronation of Charles VII Jeanne d’Arc (Eugene Thirion)

Work for you Review, review, review