The LearnerThe LearnerThe LearnerThe Learner

PHED 2017 - InquiryPHED 2017 - Inquiry

MD Review...Define these terms:

• Growth

• Maturation

• Development

• Phylogenetic

• Ontogenetic

• Cephalocaudal

• Proximodistal

• Open skills

• Closed skills

Teaching is a journey!As a teacher you have to:

1.Know where your students are now – starting

point (pre-assessment)

2.Know where you want them to go – expectations

3.Know how you will take them there

–teaching/learning strategies

4.Know when they have arrived - assessment

Domains of Human Development

GOOD TEACHING

Analytical Intellectual Rational Reasoning Thinking

Influence Inspire Impress Persuade Touch

Physical Run Jump Throw

How do the three domains develop over time?

Pre-Assessment of Learners

1. What are their needs?2. What motivates them?3. How do they learn?4. How effectively do they move?

• In order for us to answer these

questions, we need to look at the

research on human development...

What are their needs?

Self-actualization

Esteem & Self-respect

Belonging & Affection

Safety & Security

Physiological

One level must be fulfilled prior to the next level.

Maslow’s Hierarchy What

DOMAIN?Affective Cognitive

What Motivates them?• Kohlberg – moral development

(http://faculty.plts.edu/gpence/html/kohlberg.htm)

Exchange of Favours (ages 6-9)

“Good boy - Nice girl” (ages 10-15)

Law & Order (ages 15-18)

How do they learn?• Learning is closely tied to human

development:– Freud – psychosexual development– Erikson – psychosocial stages– Piaget – developmental milestones – Havighurst – bio-social interaction– Newell – dynamic systems perspective– Gardner – multiple intelligences– Kolb – experiential learning

Do we have to decide?

• Piaget - we learn based on previous

interactions with the ENVIRONMENT

(http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/piaget.htm)

• Gardner - we learn through our

multiple intelligences (each unique

to the individual) • (http://www.education-world.com/a_curr/curr054.shtml)

Newell• Most contemporary MD theory• Dynamic systems perspective• “Everything matters”• “Everything changes”• 3 elements – mover, task, environment• Teacher has most control over the TASK

MovemeMovementnt

Movements emerge from the interaction among the characteristics of the mover, the demands of the task, and the conditions of the environment.

Movements emerge from the interaction among the characteristics of the mover, the demands of the task, and the conditions of the environment.

MOVERMOVER• Physical characteristics• Cognitive abilities • Gender• Age• Ability/Disability• Emotional maturity • Attitude• Physique

ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT• Temperature• Gravity • Land/Water• Support Surface• Home• School• Classroom• Team • Neighbourhood

TASKTASK • Equipment design• Moving in different levels, pathways, or speeds• Size of targets• Ball handling• Balance • Accuracy

• Galloping,Hopping

AdaptivAdaptiveeLearninLearningg

Teachers should determine the activity options considering the components of the dynamic triangle.

The activity options should be within the preference framework of the child.

The activity options should be developmentally appropriate

The activity options should allow for variety of practice

How effectively do they move?

• This is where YOU get involved!

5 GROUPS:• Physical Growth & Maturation• Motor Skills• Physical Activity• Psychological Factors• Developmental Skill Acquisition

Discuss what the research says.....

Present 4 pieces of advice to your fellow teachers:

1. Children are NOT miniature adults2. Boys and girls are more alike than

different3. Good things are earned4. No Body is perfect

NOTE – an example may help!

Do YOU have a developmental perspective?

For Wednesday....• Find out who MUSKA MOSSTON is...• Choose ONE of his teaching styles,

and summarize it, in ½ page• In the second ½ comment on how

that teaching style might contribute to student learning based on what we discussed today