the legislative branch unit 3 study guide. separation of powers a government principle by which the...
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The Legislative
BranchUnit 3 Study Guide
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Separation of PowersA government principle by
which the legislative, judicial, and executive powers are
essentially held by different groups and people
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Checks and BalancesCongress may pass laws and
they go into effect if the President signs the law.
However the Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional.
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Checks and BalancesSystem which requires
the different branches of the federal government to work together to seek
the common good
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Separation of PowersThe structure of the
government of the U.S. which allows the Legislative Branch to
write laws, the Executive Branch to enforce the laws, and the Judicial Branch to interpret
the laws.
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Veto PowerThe Executive Branch
may veto Congressional legislation as its check on
the power of Congress
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
A measure which eliminated literacy tests, which often
disqualified potential voters
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Plessy v. FergusonThe Supreme Court
decision which upheld the principle of
separate but equal
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“Melting Pot” of Cultures
People and cultures combine to a degree in which a homogenous
culture is created from many
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Affirmative ActionLegislation which
provided aid to groups of people previously
discriminated against
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Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
The first Supreme Court case dealing with the
constitutionality of affirmative action
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Bringing Charges of Impeachment
A special power delegated only to the
House of Representatives
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Approving Presidential Appointments and Treaties
A power delegated only to the U.S. Senate. This is an example of a Legislative Branch “check” on the
Executive Branch
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Vice-President
Presiding officer of the U.S. Senate
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Over-riding a Presidential Veto
Requires a 2/3 vote of each house of Congress and represents a Legislative Branch “check” on the
Executive Branch
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Implied PowerA power that is not specifically given to the government but
which is allowed because of the “Necessary and Proper Clause”
in the Constitution. Ex: The power to establish national
speed limits
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ImpeachmentThe investigation that takes place when an
elected official is accused of illegal
activity
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Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Responsible for overseeing the trial, if a President is impeached,
according to the U.S. Constitution
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Impeachment Conviction
According to Article II of the U.S. Constitution, a 2/3 vote is required in the Senate to
convict a president or government official
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The Bill of RightsPlaces the GREATEST limit on the power of
the federal government
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U.S. ConstitutionThe highest legal
authority in the U.S. government
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Lack of InterestThe MAIN reason that people choose not to exercise their civic
responsibility of voting
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Democratic and Republican PartiesThe two political parties that have been in power the longest in the history
of the United States
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Interest GroupsUnlike political parties, they normally concern
themselves with specific issues or problems.
Primary goal is to influence public policy.
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Single Issue PartyAs the name implies, it is centered on issues relating to one topic. Ex.: The Right-to-Life
Party
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Political PartyPurposes:•Co-ordinate policies•Join like-minded people•Inform voters of political positions
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Federalists PartyThe first American political party to
successfully have a President in office
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Two-party SystemThis term best describes the
American political party system because for most of our history
two political parties have competed for office.
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Donkey/Elephant• Images which came to
represent the two major parties in the U.S.
• Donkey = Democrats• Elephant = Republicans
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LobbyistPrimary role is to
influence government policy on specific
issues
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Tenth AmendmentProtects the rights of American people to
express their political views
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Teach for AmericaA major, non-governmental
organization, which uses volunteers to teach in low-income communities in the
United States
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Political Action Committees (PACs)Kind of organization that can
legally solicit campaign contributions from individuals
and then funnel those donations to candidates for
political office
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Interest GroupsTheir most effective method of change is campaigning for a
candidate who supports their position
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Public PolicyA course of action
taken by the government to address a specific problem or
issue
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American Election Campaigns
Most likely ways to reach voters:•Facebook•Create a web site•Twitter
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Public Opinion PollsMay be taken before, during or after an election. They are not
always accurate but are based on scientific standards. They are
often used to focus government attention on specific problems or
issues
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Lawmakers – Positive Public Opinion
Lawmakers want to keep opinions of them high
because if public opinion is low they might not get
re-elected for another term.
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Public AgendaIssues important to the
public that people want addressed by the
government
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The InternetPlayed the single
GREATEST role in the spread of information in the 21st Century.
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Glittering GeneralityTechnique that uses
statements that sound good but do not mean anything. Ex.: I can restore economic
prosperity to our nation.
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GovernorDeals with issues
focused in one state