the linguistic processing of the relative pronoun "that" by brazilian learners\ speakers...

$: The Linguistic Processing of the Relative Pronoun "That" by Brazilian Learners\ Speakers of English as L2$
The Linguistic Processing of the relative pronoun “That” by Brazilian learners of

English as L2.

Prof. Msc. Alyson Andrade (UFC)[email protected]

Prof. Dr. Márcio Leitão (UFPB/LAPROL)[email protected]

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Prof. Dr. Márcio Leitão Prof. Ms. Alyson Andrade


Support for this research:


The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence from L1 over the L2 processing in a group of Brazilian learners of English.

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We 10 pairs of sentences which permited us to compare how languages with different backgrounds are processed in the mind of a Brazilian native learner/speaker of a L2.

(1a) The/ drink/ that / Mike /buys /at the beach /is delicious;

≠QUE THAT - Ø

(1b) The/ drink/ Ø / Mike /buys /at the beach /is delicious. A/ bebida / que / Mike /compra /na praia/é ótima. *A/ bebida / Ø / Mike /compra /na praia/é ótima.

We made 10 pairs of sentences which permitted us to compare how languages with different backgrounds are processed in the mind of a Brazilian native learner/speaker of a L2.

(1a) The/ drink/ that / Mike /buys /at the beach /is delicious;

≠QUE THAT - Ø

(1b) The/ drink/ Ø / Mike /buys /at the beach /is delicious. A/ bebida / que / Mike /compra /na praia/é ótima. *A/ bebida / Ø / Mike /compra /na praia/é ótima.

All the Sentences had same size and syntactic structure, the same number of words and each word had the same number of

letters.

Random sentences20 experimental

40 Fake (non-experimental)

Latin Square

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Our hypotheses was which sentences with explicit That would be read faster because it would imitate the Portuguese processing strategies used by the brain to process the L1.

We have to consider which the relative pronoun “Que = that” must be expressed in the sentence or it will be considered syntactically ungrammatical.

Participants [29 volunteers] from:

http://www.google.com.br/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://acheinomapa.com.br/anunciantes/ccaa-ingles-e-espanhol/&ei=bXwlVazJNc_isASF14DoDg&psig=AFQjCNHanu0rJi7yv8scI1zVbye30FtB1A&ust=1428606437064621

http://www.google.com.br/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://www.maisestudo.com.br/lp/idiomas/yazigi/&ei=rXwlVavNGIiAsQSzxoDgAg&psig=AFQjCNGZN2PvtBg-5E6WgycjVU4a9fg_nA&ust=1428606485398236

http://www.google.com.br/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://encontrodemeioambiente.com.br/&ei=En0lVaPHCPa1sQT934DQBw&psig=AFQjCNENVynnXM_nz1awA4tb2FdWCvukkA&ust=1428606600664549

To classify the different proficiency levels among the participants we made the application of the Oxford Placement test:

Written TestListening Test

Dave Allen’s Test ( 2004).

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http://www.google.com.br/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://englishfor6thgradershans.blogspot.com/2014_12_01_archive.html&ei=4oMlVaDTJu3gsATfooGwDA&psig=AFQjCNH3ElLyySeL70B10kO_QiNbxX8cXg&ust=1428608308073251

Elementary (10)

Intermediate (10)

Advanced (9)

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Self-paced reading experiment.

Mac book 13(2,4 GHz)

Psyscope (COHEN, J. D., MACWHINNEY, B., FLATT, M., & PRO-VOST, S., 1993).

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Self-paced reading experiment.

+

The/ drink/ that / Mike /buys /at the beach /is delicious.

+


THE


DRINK


THAT


MIKE


BUYS


AT THE BEACH


IS DELICIOUS.


IS THE DRINK DELICIOUS?

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+

The/ drink/ Ø / Mike /buys /at the beach /is delicious.

+


THE


DRINK


THAT

http://www.google.com.br/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://canaldoensino.com.br/blog/13-sites-gratis-para-criar-graficos-online&ei=uY4lVfbBOcOIsQTsloCgDg&bvm=bv.90237346,d.cWc&psig=AFQjCNHANmV3beIuaPYhlrULytHGvWzjLQ&ust=1428611119613446


MIKE


BUYS


AT THE BEACH


IS DELICIOUS.


ISN’T THE DRINK DELICIOUS?

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Results and Data

(ANOVA: F(2,21) = 5,93, p<0,009)

1 - The advanced group has processed faster than the Elementary group;2 – The structures with explicit THAT were processed faster than the sentences without it.

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Results and Data

(ANOVA: F(1.21) = 10,1, p<0,004)

3 – The sentences with THAT were read faster by the 3 groups of volunteers even on the post critical segment;4 – The Advanced group was faster than the intermediate and the intermediate was faster than the elementary.

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We believe that the L1 strategy used by the Parser(syntactic processor) influences in the L2 processing;

The influence is strong if the level is elementary, because high levels do not

suffer much influence from the L1.

Results and Data

Linguistic Processing of English as L2 by Brazilians.


[email protected]

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Thank you!


the linguistic processing of the relative pronoun "that" by brazilian learners\ speakers...

Education

drink mike buys

drink delicious

delicious que

l2 processing

pairs of sentences

relative pronoun que

random sentences

different backgrounds