the london underground
DESCRIPTION
THE LONDON UNDERGROUND. AKA “The Tube” Oldest underground network in the world 270 stations 11 lines 270 miles 3.2 million passengers. Why underground?. Congested streets No transport links to the City. Idea by Charles Pearson Received financial backing in 1854 Opened 1863 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE LONDON UNDERGROUND
![Page 2: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• AKA “The Tube”• Oldest underground
network in the world• 270 stations• 11 lines• 270 miles • 3.2 million passengers
![Page 3: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Why underground?
• Congested streets• No transport links to
the City
![Page 4: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Idea by Charles Pearson• Received financial backing in 1854
Opened 1863 Opened 1868 Opened 1884
Charles PearsonSolicitor , City of London
![Page 5: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ConstructionCut and Cover Method
![Page 6: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Tunnelling Shield
• Invented by James Henry Greathead
• Deep underground tunnels• Eliminated disruption• Protected workers and
stopped tunnel subsiding
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=YDFpC4O0roA#t=220s
![Page 7: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Dig three metres a day• First line finished in
four years
Used in the construction of:
![Page 8: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Last line: extension of Jubilee Line, 1999• Connected Canary Wharf financial district
Tunnel constructed by Kawasakio Earth Pressure Balance (E.P.B) boring machine
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=2W6KLvwz-CU#t=47s
![Page 9: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The trains
• Steam trains• Ventilation
• Used on sub-surface lines
![Page 10: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• First used 1890• Deep level tube lines• Cleaner, quieter, faster
![Page 11: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Tube today
![Page 12: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Future
• Currently under construction• “Underground mainline” service• Connect the City, Heathrow and West End with
commuter areas
• Direct travel across the city• Reduce congestion on Tube
![Page 13: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
New trains:• 200m long• 1500 person capacity• Accessible for people with restricted mobility• Comfortable passenger experience
![Page 14: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Paddington
![Page 15: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Tottenham Court Road
![Page 17: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Canary Wharf
![Page 18: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Route
![Page 20: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
New York City Subway
• First line opened in 1904
• 10 major trunk lines
• 421 stations• Runs some 24
hour lines
![Page 21: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Paris Metro
• 16 lines• 301 stations• Main construction
1900-1920• Dense network 245
stations within 34 sq miles
![Page 22: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Tokyo
• 8.7 million passengers a day• 13 lines• 274 stations• Began operation
1927
![Page 23: THE LONDON UNDERGROUND](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061617/56816150550346895dd0d843/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)