MAY Vol. 3 No.5 20c

THE MAGAZINE OF NEWFOUNDLAND-EVERY ISSUE A SOUVENIR

COOD NEiCHBO

During th., War Years, reciprocal trade between Newfound.land and Canada increased by more than 450%. The peopleof both countries will benefit if this high level of trade ismaintained.

The Department of Trade and Commerce, Ottawa, isurgiag Canadian firms to establish their export business ona BOund basis of Continuous supply, Quality that is ..uniform,and Prices that arc fair. This policy will benefit importers ofCanadian goods.

The new Import Division of the Canadian Foreign TradeService is rendering every assistance possible to Canadianimporters. This is another direct benefit to business men inother countries with goods to sell in Canada.

These Agencies of the Canadian Government will be gladto help you buy or sell in Canada. For complete information,contact-

J. C. BRrrroN, Canadian Trade CommissionerCircular Road, St. John's. Newfoundland

Department of Trade and CommerceOTTAWA, CANADA

HON. JAMES A. MIII(KINNON M. W. MACKENZIEMlnl,t... Deputy Minis....

EWART YOUNGEditor ond Publilher

H. N. HAKENProduction Manager

CONTENTS

May,1947 Vol. 3, No.5

Contributing Editors:

BRIAN CAHILL,A. R. SCAMMELL,

TED MEANEY

PICTURE STORIES

Look to Labrador! 7By Ewart Young

Trade School for Veterans 32(Photos by C. F. Ruggles)

GENERAL ARTICLES

Let's go to Lomond! 20By Ella Manuel

Anniversary Competition 26

Tourist Topics 28

A. G. ONE-PAGER

Inscription to a Newfoundland Dog 25

POETRY

Who stopped the Sunday Gun? 31(Reprinted by request)

FEATURESEditorial. 3

Pictures to the Editor 5Guardian Angles 43

COVER PICTURE

On the Southside of St. John's overlooking theharbour a brick bungalow is taking shape.The "contractors" ore trainees of the Voca­tional Institute for Ex-Servicemen who orepuHing up the building with all the trimmingsas a practice test in modern construction.(For further pictures and a description of theInstitute's training work see pages 32 to 41).

Photo by c. F. Ruggles.

Honorary Ad"isory Editors:

DR. E. J. PRAITVictoria University, Toronto

DR. F. FRASER BONDNew York University, New York

DR. W. H. HATCHERMcGill University, Montreal

Newfoundlond Subscription Representative:

H. O. HOUSECorner Brook, Nfld.

Bodon Subscription Representative:

A. S. DAVIDSON,23 Holden Road,

Belmont, Mass.(Telephone BElmont 2850·W)

Canadian Adverlising Agents:

EDWARDS & FINLAY,45 Richmond Street West,

Toronto,Ont.

Atlantic Guardian's PlatformTo make Newfoundland better

known at home and abroad;To promote trade and travel in

the Island:To encourage development of

the Island's natural resourceSiTo foster good relations between

Newfoundland and her neigh.bon.

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

TCANOW LINKS

NEWFOUNDLAND,the MAR I TIM E S

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2

EDITORIAL

LABRADOR MINING PROJECT IS GOOD NEWS

THE :\E\VS that large-scale mining developments will soon beunderway in Labrador is of particular interest to :\ewfound­

land, because a large portion of the rich iron deposits lies within theboundary under :\'ewfoundland's jurisdiction.

There will be a great deal of &"ltisfaction too over the conditionsunder which the Labrador :\Iining and Exploration Company willoperate, as far as the Island is concerned. Through royalties,rentals, &"lle of local materials and supplies, and employment, thenational income of :\'ewfoundland will be boosted by new millionsof dollars annually.

The program contemplated by the Hollinger-controlled com­pany includes the building of a 350-mile railway, the creation oftowns and public services-all within an area which has to be de­veloped from scratch. It is the biggest undertaking of its kind in:\'orth America today.

A full, authentic report on the Labrador project is contained inthis issue. \Ve think it is the most important industrial article thismagazine has ever published.

VOCATIONAL SCHOOL TURNS OUT NEW TALENT

O;-..rE OF the most progressive moves in Newfoundland in recentyears was the establishment of a Vocational Training Institute

for veterans of \\Torld \\Tar II, now well organized under ten BritishDepartment of Labour officials who, along with Newfoundlandinstructors, are turning out some fine skilled workers for the industryof the cou ntry.

\Ve are pleased to present in this issue a pictorial story on this"Trade School for Veterans" and to draw attention to the newpotential of trained craftsman which the Institute offers now andpromises for the future.

Atlan'ic Guardian is published monthly by Guardian Associates ltd., 985 Sherbrooke Street W.•Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Authorized as Second Closs Matter by the Post Office Depart.ment at Ottowa. Subscription rates: $2.00 per year anywhere in the world. Single copies

20 cents. Printed by Woodward Press Inc., Montreal.

3

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

CRANEFITTINGS • PIPING

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Since this picture of the"arch rock" at Torbay, nearSt. John's, was taken, thisnatural landmark along thepicturesque Marine Drive hascollapsed into the sea. But ifsa good picture anyway.(Submitted by A. G. Williams,St. John's!'

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At long last the unknownnorth is to be developed

and prospects are bright

for a big mining venture

LOOK TOLABRADOR!

SINCE 1927, when the labradorboundary question was finally settled

by Privy Council decree in Newfoundland'sfavour, the 120,OOO-squore-mile de­pendency has been something of a whiteelephant. Alternately, successive Islandgovernments have been urged to developLabrador, to lease it to some largercountry, to sell it outright. But Newfound­land has been too preoccupied with

political and economic problems of herown in the lost two decodes to pay verymuch attention to her vast and little-knowndependency, and SO what to do withlabrador has remained a 64-dollarquestion.

The solution may lie in that magicword-minerals. Or more specifically,iron ore.

Thanks to the persistent efforts of agroup of intrepid geologists and pros­pectors, backed by the Hollinger mininginterests, the unknown north is beginningto give up its secrets. And one of them ishigh-grade ore, millions of tons of it­certainly sufficient to transform Labradorinto a workable asset, and possiblyenough to swing the centre of industrialgravity to the land of the Eskimo and theIndion.

Officials of the Hollinger-controlledLabrador Mining and Exploration Com­pany hove been dropping cautious hintssince their men first went into the bush in1936. Each year since then, and partic­ularly since 1942 when Hollinger Con­solidated Gold Mines acquired control­ling interest in the Labrador companyin association with the M. A. Hanna Com­pany of Cleveland, Ohio, the annualreports hove shown increased optimismabout the mineral possibilities of NorthAmerica's last frontier.

Today the Company talks openly aboutan "indicated total" of some 600,000tons of ore per vertical foot in the depositsfound in Labrador, with a similar tonnageper vertical foot indicated in the depositslocated in New Quebec, adjacent to theLabrador "find". The operations in NewQuebec are, of course, the immediate

The celebrated Grand Falls of labradar,higher even than Niagara, is not far from theHollinger project. Abundant water poweris one of the North's great unused assets

This thinly·woodedridge of land near

Wishart lake istypical of the country

where miningdevelopment

on a big scale islikely. There'siron in that thar

hill!

8

Sole link so for with the labrador mining concessions is theaircraft. Men and materials are flown in from bose atSeven Islands on the Gulf of St. lawrence. pichJred above.

concern of on affiliated company, Hol­linger North Shore Exploration Company,but the undertakings are complementaryin terms of the overall scheme.

Unquestionably, this "overall scheme" inLabrador is the biggest thing on themining horizon today. It envisages, amongother things, the building of a 350-milerailway from the Gulf of St. Lawrence tothe iron fields, and the establishment ofself-conta ined towns in the northernhinterland which as yet has been popu­lated only by rooming bonds of Indians.Since the plan embraces the ultimate em­ployment of some 2,500 men, it is notunlikely that at least 10,000 people willbe involved in the anticipated migrationto the new land of promise.

But before anyone storts pocking, let'slook at the situation realistically, remem­bering always that it is a gamble inmillions. Already the Hollinger interests,with their American associates, have spentsome $770,000 in exploring the Labradorconcession. By the end of 1947, another$400,000 will have been expended in the

examination of ore deposits, making oninitial investment of $1,170,000. Andthat is only a drop in the bucket to whatwill be required when the operationsstart in earnest. It is estimated, forinstance, that the proposed railway withdockage, loading facilities and equipmentwill cost about $60,000,000, and that inaddition some $40,000,000 will berequired for the erection of the mines,mills and plant, townsites and civiccommunities. A total expenditure of$100,000,000 before one ton of com­mercial ore con be shipped to competein the world market.

Obviously, before that amount of coinis available, the labrador mine must beon assured venture. Before the railwaycan be justified and the project fullylaunched, the Company must satisfy itselfand all concerned that something like300,000,000 tons of commercial ore iswaiting for the miner's pick. Looking at itanother way, operation at a minimumrate of 5,000,000 tons a year will benecessary to make the undertaking pro·

In the early stages prospectors pitched theirtents in the forest primeval and lived therugged life of the pioneer. Above, the firstcamp at Ashuanipi lake, 1936. Below, theSawyer lake camp, with ramp for landingairborne supplies. Right, Claude K. Howse,Government Geologist of Newfoundland,who has hod on active liaison role in theexploratory operations, is shown "Signing theroll" during tour of the labrador mining area.

The President sees for himself. Flanked by Or. J. A. Retty,Chief Geologist, and N. A. Timmins, Jr., Director, Jules R.Timmins is photographed at Wishart lake during 1943 tour.

fitable. And what's the use of openingup a sub-continent from scratch if youcan't stick around and make a go of it forat least 50 years!

With that end in mind, Hollinger menhave been combing the ridges and valleysof the uninhabited northland for fivesummer seasons, spreading out thinly atfirst in the general area of the 20,000­square-mile exploration area granted bythe Newfoundland Government, but grad­ually narrowing down to such now-familiarlocations as Sandgirt lake, Ruth lake,Sawyer lake, and finally, Hollinger lake,named for the Company. As yet, theactual deposits are little more than shadedareas on on otherwise uncrowded mop,but the pioneers of this project have madeSawyer lake and Hollinger lake namesto conjure with.

"And don't let anyone tell you it's beeneasy," said Dr. J. A. Retty, Chief Geologistof the Company, who has been going tolabrador regularly since 1936. The

stocky, ruddy-faced mineral expert, justback from his first winter trip into thenorth, shaak his head as he recalled theordeals of exploring hundreds of milesfrom nowhere. "People who know littleabout it are apt to think it's iust a matter ofdropping dawn out of the sky and pickingup pieces of ore on the surface," said Dr.Retty. "But they forget the lang monthsof reconnaissance mapping, prospecting,trenching, and drilling that are necessarybefore the extent of the ore deposits canbe determined."

In the bush there is much hard work,walking up to 20 and 25 miles a day, andfew comforts except possibly a batteryradio. Trenching crews work from sevento five with pick and shovel, and thegeologists frequently continue their map­ping in the field until sun-down. "'t's nopicnic, but it's a good healthy life just thesame," concluded Dr. Retty.

Men and supplies· are periodicallyflown in to Hollinger lake because there is

Di5covery of the lobrador oredep05ih W05 helped along bypr05pecton repre5enting manynation5, In the 1944 party, above,were Swede5, lrimmen, French­men, Norwegian5, 05 well 05Canadians. The men came madlyfrom mining town of Timmin5, Onto

Dr. Retty'5 original lodging atHollinger lake, in 1943, is pic­tured of right. Near the geol­ogid'5 "re5ideace" is his "5ampleroom" for doring of mineral5.

no other way for them to get there.Servicing the for-flung camps by air is nomean trick, even for the experienced bush·pilots of Quebec Airways who in 1946 forthe first time did some winter freightingfor the Company. The saving feature isthat the Labrador hinterland is so wellinterlaced with lakes that the planes canbe brought safely down almost anywhere,if need be. Large aircraft, Stranraers andCansos, shuttle between Seven Islands andthe main bose at Hollinger Lake, whilesmaller aircraft are used to move men andsupplies to the distant prospecting points.

For many years the unknown north"bock of beyond" has stirred the imagina-

of prospectors and explorers, many ofwhom from time to time have braved therigors of the uncharted interior in searchof minerals. First systematic explorationof the sub-Arctic region bounded byHudson's Boy, Hamilton Inlet and the Gulfof St. Lawrence, was undertaken by Dr.A. P. Low of the Geological Survey ofCanada, in 1893.

Thirty years later the lure of gold foundmen everywhere turning their attention toLabrador, following the reported dis­covery of the precious yellow metal in thevicinity of Ashuanipi Lake. But the rushwas short-lived, although sporadic pros­pecting continued.

In 1929 Toronto interests financed alarge party ta look for iron in labrador.This party worked under the direction oftwo well 4 known Canadian geologists,Drs. W. f. James and J. E. Gill. They foundore at Ruth Lake, but. the work was notcontinued when it became apparent thatthey would not be able to tie up a largefavourable area.

Labrador Mining and Exploration Com­pany entered the picture in 1936, tokingover the prospecting rights held in New·foundland labrador since 1933 by theWeaver Syndicate. The abjective at thattime was gold, but it later become ap­parent that iron was going to be the prize.

That, briefly, is the histary of thelabradar develapment up to the timeHollinger took an active interest.

Under an agreement with the New­faundland Gavernment cancluded in 1938,amended in 1941 and again in 1944, theLabrador Mining and Exploration Com­pany obligated itself to canduct annuallythe examination, survey and developmentof an area in Newfoundland Labradorcontaining appraximately 20,000 squaremiles, and to spend each year not lessthan $50,000 an explaratory wark.Actually the Campany has spent, up ta1946 inclusive, $766,666.31, ar nearly$200,000 in excess af the required mini-

Diamond drilling was conductedin 1946 to prove up the deposits.The drill, flown in, is being set upat the Ruth lake site af operations.

Diamond drilling is going aheadalso in the New Quebec areasadjacent to the labrador con­cessions. Below, the diamond drillcamp located at Burnt Creek.

mum. (By the end of 1953 the Companymust release all but 2,000 square milesfrom the exploration orea and, accordingto the Agreement, the Company cannotremove ore until it has token out operat­ing leases of selected areas, totalling notmore thon 1,000 square miles, for whichit must pay on annual rental of 50 centsper acre and royalties on the oreremoved).

At about the some time the Hollingerinterests secured a "special developmentlicence" covering a smaller area in theadjacent portion of New Quebec, andthis concession has been worked simul­taneously with the labrador project.Indeed, for all practical purposes the twoconcessions might be considered as one,there being only a thinly-defined geo­graphical border between the two where­as geologically there is no differenceat all.

So it is in this no-man's-land around theisolated mountain ridges known as the"Height of land" which technically dividethe two countries, and, incidentally, makeit necessary to deal with two separategovernments, that big things are likely tohappen in the next few years. Right nowthere is a bill before the Canadian Parlia­ment to authorize the construction andoperation of the proposed railway, andthe Newfoundland Government has beenasked to consider a proposal coveringthat portion of the road lying in labrador.

The labrador railway, which will be thelargest undertaking of its kind in Canadasince the 1920s when both the C.N.R. andthe C.P.R. extended their lines in theWestern Provinces, will cut north from anall-year port on the Gulf of St. lawrencebetween Riviere Marguerite and RiviereMaisie, lead into the rich iron fields ofnorth-eastern Quebec and Labrador,crossing and re-crossing the boundaryand possibly terminate at a second oceanport in Ungava Boy. With the completionof this railroad, the last large section ofundeveloped territory in North Americawill lose its shroud of isolation and be­come a new stamping ground for worldtrade and travel.

Even before the railway becomes areality, the "new north" will likely beopened up for tourists and sportsmen wholike to go for afield for their fun. TheDominion Government is co-operatingwith the promoters of the mining conces­sions in the building of a landing strip forplanes on the Quebec side of the deposits.

With Seven Islands in the Gulf alreadyan established air base, and the greatCanadian military airport at Goose Baycontinuing to function in a peacetime role,a landing strip in the interior will completeLabrador's readiness for the air age andat the some time greatly speed develop­ment of the tremendous water-power andmineral resources of this up-and-comingpeninsula. While iron ore at present holds

Machinery invades the silent northwith the coming of the mining men.A Massey Horris tractor withtrailer is seen navigoting one ofthe strips of road corved out ofthe wilderness neor Burnt Creek.

the spotlight, indicotions ore thot otherminerols will be found, now thot the wayhas been opened for prospectors withmodern means to explore the inland areas.

The mining boom in the north is big newsfor Newfoundlond, quite apart from thefact that it automatically disposes of athorny perennial question. Indeed, someobservers predict thot it could well meanthe revitalizing of Newfoundlond'seconomy.

That the mine operations in theLabrador section anyway will mean asubstantial source of new employment forNewfoundlanders is assured by Section45 of the Hollinger agreement whichstates that, except in the case of technicalexperts, the Company must employNewfoundland workmen provided theyare available. As to the number likely tofind steady work "up north", if they wantit, the Company estimates possibly 1,000

Road-making is no easy task in aland where troctors ka....e to beflown in piecemeal, but the workis progressing and already thelang.trackless north has 11 milesof "highway", Pictures on thispage show the tractor in actionclearing rood near Burnt Creek.

miners as well as "several hundred" rail­roadmen and general workers.

It is difficult at this stage, of course, tocrystal-gaze into the future with anydegree of accuracy. But officials point toa mining town in Ontario as an exampleof what is possible in labrador, once themines start producing. There, 3,500 menare employed and around this workingnucleus has grown up a modern munici­pality of 35,000 people. And thatfigure, be it noted, represents more thanone-tenth of the total population of New­foundland!

The Island stands to gain a considerableamount of revenue through royalties,which the Company must pay to theGovernment at the rate of 5% of the netprofit derived from sales of the output.

In addition the Company pays income taxto Newfoundland, and rentals on itsmining leases. All told, the Hollingerenterprise should mean substantial re­venues for the treasury of Newfoundland,increase outlets for its domestic materialsand supplies as well as new opportunitiesfor employment.

It is 320 miles as the crow flies fromSeven Islands in to Hollinger Lake. Thisis the air-haul that the Labrador pro­moters have to maintain to keep men andsupplies on the move. At first the cost offlying was at the rate of 73 cents perpound, but by last year this had beenbrought down to something like 43 centsper pound. It's all part of the gamble,and, as an illustration of the risk, atleast one aircraft came to grief in

The first steps towards permanent residence are woodenbuildings and a bit of fencing. Main bose of Hollingerlake is taking shape. Some day there will be a town here.

the northern woods during the course ofa take-off.

A much bigger gamble will face theLabrador Mining Exploration Companywhen the railway is laid down and thelong haul of are through 350 miles ofvirgin forest to the sea coast is necessarybefore the stuff can be mode into pro­ducts that will bring some returns for thetoil and faith of men and the investmentof a tidy fortune.

Geologists and prospectors will againhead north this season, the vanguardundoubtedly of a gl eat influx of miners,carpenters, rcilroadmen, to follow whenthe northland wilderness has finally­revealed its secrets of hidden wealth.Perhaps by 1948the labrador Mining andExploration Company will have inspireda new version of the slogan which waspopular when the west was young-"GoNorth, Young Man!"

Prospecting and surveying ga hand in hand in the develop·ment of the northern ore deposits. Thesl!! men who spendlong months in the bush far from civilizotion ore the pioneersof a greeH new enterprise which will change Labrador.

, GENERAL LOCATION OF' IRON ORE DEPOSITS

6.·

60 60

60·

IZO

CONCESSION =ZO,oooSQ.MI.

PORTION RELINQUISHED

MAIN AREA Of' DEPO~ITS

SAWYER LAKE DEPOSIT

THE HARBOUR.

St. John's,

Newfoundland

You can spend a vigorous, sporty holiday in any or all of athousond different ploces thot will long be remembered ... oro •• if you are run down from overwork or are in need of achange, the bracing oir and invigorating sec-breezes will havea wonderfully beneficial effect on you.

When you are in the Capital, visit r&e.

~HN'SNEWFOUNDLAND'S PREMIER DEPARTMENT STORES

19

By Ella Manuel

LOMOND, thirty miles fromDeer Lake and sixty miles

by road from Corner Brook, is onthe shores of one of the mostbeautiful bays in the island.Long, narrow fingers of sal twater stretch inland to formbeautiful sheltered harbourswhose names of Glenburnie,Curzon Village and Lomond areno more suggestive of Scotlandthan is their scenery. Mountainsrise out of the sea-Killdevilwi th its grey crags and slopesscarred and seamed from erosion,Birchy l\lountain with its roar­ing waterfall hurtling down toSouth East Arm, and WulffPoint which was named to com­memorate Lee \Vulff's successful

landing off it of the first tuna tobe taken from Newfoundlandwaters on rod and line. Beyondthe point which shelters Lomondfrom the sea winds is GrosMorne and the Table Mountainsbearing patches of pure whitesnow the year round. From themouth of the Lomond River youcan look ou t over the bay towhere the summer sun dips intothe blue Gulf waters and sil­houettes the moun tains blackagainst a rosy sky.

I t must have looked the samea hundred and fifty years agowhen the French sailed "LaBelle Baie" waters, harrying theEnglish settlers as they imposedtheir fishing rights. In 1822 theydrove ou t an English fisherman

20

(PHOTOS BY LEE WULFF)

" •

who had lived there since 1815,but they apparently overlookeda family who lived in LittleHarbour (Rocky Harbour) since1809. The permanent settlershad very insecure tenure and itmay be that their fear and dislikeof the French drew them totheir Micmack neighbours, forhistorians relate that the Englishand i\licmacks were extremelyfriendly. In fact, people of mixedEnglish and Indian blood areliving in Bonne Bay today.

Incidentally, very little wasknown at the seat of governmentabout the condition of the WestCoast settlers, to judge fromstandard historians, and presentday inhabitants believe that

21

much the same situation obtainstoday.

In the main, the peopl"e ofBonne Bay are descendents ofWest Country Englishmen, liv­ing simply much as their an­cestors did more than a hundredyears ago and speaking a mixtureof Dorset and Devon dialectinterlarded with archaic wordsand phrases. Many of them playthe fiddle to tunes of old seachan ties, Chi Ide ballades andhome-spun songs of shipwrecksand fishing. They are fond ofsquare dancing which they exe­cute with grace and verve.

Back in the lumber boom daysof \Vorld War I, Lomond was athriving community. A largesaw-mill owned by the St. Law­rence Lumber Company gave

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

the people lucrative employmentand plans were on foot to estab­lish a paper mill. Before theeconomic recession turned i.t in toa forgotten and derelict village,the mill's manager, a Scot namedSimpson, built himself a home onthe bluff where the LomondRiver flows into the bay. Forseveral years he and his familylived there in a distinctly "lordof the manor" fashion, acknow­ledged leader of a communitywhich had its own recreationhall for dancing, badminton,scou t mretings and J/;eneral socialgatherings. When the millclosed, the house was left emptyfor years, as derelict to all ap­pearances as the village which itdominated. Today, rehabilitated

under the leadership of BowatersPulp and Paper Mills, Lomondis once more a neat, thrivingvillage reputed to be doing one­quarter of a million dollars worthof business yearly in loggingopera tions.

Lomond has easy access to theNorthern rivers with their un­surpassed salmon fishing and togood grilse and trout fishing inits own river. Tuna and sword­fish come deep into the bay and,of course, there is the thrill ofhauling the ubiquitous tomcodover the wharf with a bamboopole. The beautiful Bonne Bayis worth an exploration by motorboat especially when you'vetime to wander in and out theinlets, jigging cod or mackerel to

WESTERN CANADA FLOUR MILLS CO. LIMITEDTORONTO,! CANADA.... ~_~ ...;;.. 3

22

LET'S GO TO LOMOND I

cook over a tire in some shel teredcove. The ever-changing scene-­calm waters of the early morn­ing, sparkling white caps in anafternoon breeze, the breath­taking beauty of the sunsetswith old Killdevil dominatingthe landscape, reflecting cloudand sun-makes Lomond a placeof sheer loveliness.

The Simpson house is nowKilldevil Lodge. The Lomondriver flows at the foot of thegarden where apple trees growbeside tall birches and spruceand where lilac, honeysuckle androses sprawl over the wide lawn.

Spring brings a profusion ofdaffodils, narcissi and jonquils tothe forgotten, overgrown flowerbeds and the blue of violets un­der the trees. \\lith summercomes the blue of delphinium,the purple of monkshood and thevaricolored spears of lupin.Through years of neglect theearth held the seeds and multi­plied the beauty set there by theoriginal owner.

Mr. Simpson built his housewell with large windows facingthe sea and Killdevil on one sideand the wide pastures andgardens on the other, so thatwherever he looked, he foundenchantment. He built with aneye to comfort, too, with centralheating and electricity, runningwater and hardwood floors, andI hope his ghost is pleased thattoday it stands as a symbol ofour belief in the tourist industryas a source of prosperity to:\'ewfoundland.

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23

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

NEWFOUNDLANDMEDICINAL CODLIVER OIL!

EXPORTED ALL OVER

THE WORLD IN STEEL

DRUMS AND TIN-LINED

BARRELS - WIRE FOR PRICES

W. A. MUNN & CO:LIMITED

ST. JOHN'S - - NEWFOUNDLAND

24

3Jn~criptton on tbe jIflonumentof a jl}ebJfounblanb tIlog

NEAR THIS SPOT

ARE DEPOSITED THE REMAINS OF ONE

WHO POSSESSED BEAUTY WITHOUT VANITY,

STRENGTH WITHOUT INSOLENCE,

COURAGE WITHOUT FEROCITY.

AND ALL THE VIRTUES OF MAN WITHOUT HIS VICES.

THIS PRAISE. WHICH WOULO BE UNMEANING FLATTERY

IF INSCRIBED OVER HUMAN ASHES

IS BUT A JUST TRIBUTE TO THE MEMORY OF

BOATSWAIN. A DOG

WHO WAS BORN AT NEWFOUNDLAND, MAY 1803.

AND DIED AT NEWSTEAD ABBEY, NOV. 18TH, 1808.

"TO MARK A FRIENO'S REMAINS THESE STONES ARISE,

I NEVER HAD BUT ONE-AND HERE HE LIES."

-LORD BYRON,

NEWSTEAO, ABBEY NOV. 30TH, 1808.

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

Anniversary Competitionoffers 81.000 in prizes

The Anniversary Essay Com­petition recently announced byF. ;\1. O'Leary, Ltd., St. John's,in connection with the 450thanniversary of the discovery of:\ewfoundland (and the SilverJubilee of the firm) is generallyregarded as one of the best ofthe all-too-few attempts beingmade to mark this importantevent in ~ewfoundland.

The firm has set up $1,000 inprizes for essays from studentsand from those who have leftschool. The purpose of thetwo categories is the laudableone of avoiding unfair competi­tion to school-age children fromolder and more experiencedcompetitors.

Prizes range from 25 to $250and entrants have a choice ofwriting on (1) the responsibilitiesof citizenship and (2) incidentsin the lives of prominen t leadersof the past.

The following quotation fromthe announcement of the contestspeaks for itself:

This Essay Competition wasconceived with the hope that, inaddition to being an interestingone, it would also help to remindboys and girls and older peopleof the great accomplishments ofNewfoundland statesmen andleaders of the past; and perhaps,by reminding them of the re­sponsibilities of citizenship,prompt them to figuring howthey can use their talents andenergies towards furthering the

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ANNIVERSARY COMPETITION

CHANGEOF

ADDRESS

By

A, R.

SCAMMElL

MIRRORED MOMENTS

To StudyNewfoundland Market.

A. R. SCAMMELL3484 Shuter Street

MONTREAL, QUE.

MR. C. F. TERRELL, Assis-tant Export Manager for

the Coleman Lamp and StoveCompany Limited, will arrive inSt. Johns onJune 2nd fromToronto. Withthe assistance ofThe Neyle­Soper HardwareCo. Ltd., Cole­man's distribu­tor, i\1r. Terrellwill spend ap­proximately a month travellingthroughou t Newfoundland,

During the war the ColemanLamp and Stove CompanyLimited was fully engaged in theproduction of war materials andhad to neglect export marketseven :-\ewfoundland, which is soclose to Canada. Now, however,with supplies becoming moreplentiful export activities arebeing energetically resumed bythe Coleman Lamp and StoveCompany.

Old and New Poems bythe author of "Songs of aNewfoundlander", pub.lished in attractive book­

let form, and now obtainable at SOc from

welfare of this island and itspeople.

Also, that it may help to dispelthe belief so widely held thatpoli tical leaders of the past weremen who used their high posi­tions for their own personal gaina t the expense of :'\ ewfound­land's political and economicwell-being.

To ensure regulardelivery of AtlanticGuardian ea chmonth, subscriberswho change their

address sholl Id notify us in time tohave the necessary changes made.Please send both old and newaddresses.

27

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

Tourist Topics

An all-time record for touristexpenditures in Canada was setduring 1946, it is revealed bythe Dominion Bureau ofStatistics. According to pre­liminary estimates, the touristtrade in 1946 reached the highfigure of 212,000,000, indicatingan increase of nearly S46,OOO,OOOor 27.3 per cent over the preced­ing year. Of the total sumestimated to have been spent,approximately S207,OOO,OOO iscredi ted to tra vellers from theUnited States. The 5,000,000remaining came from touristsfrom l\'ewfoundland and coun­tries overseas. :-\ new record wasalso established for the numberof automobiles entering Canadaon tourist permits. The total,1,492,000, showed an increase of73.5 per cent over 1945.

In Quebec, tourism is regardedas "one of the greatest oppor­tuni ties for increasing the pros­perity of its people".

The Government of GreatBritain has set up a Tourist,Catering and Holiday Boardconsisting of 12 members to­gether wi th a chairman and anadministrative officer. Under theBoard will be four divisions madeup as follows: Tourism, Catering,Holiday and Hotel Services.Britain is going all-out to restoreher tourist business to pre-warlevels.

In Nova Scotia, the TouristIndustry is such a lucrativesource of far-reaching revenuethat it puts actual cash into cir­culation with wider ramificationsthan income from any othersource.

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14 9 7 COMMEMORATING THE 450th ANNIVERSARY 1947OF THE DISCOVERY OF NEWFOUNDLAND

6'~~;,c I

\THE mon OFmORS LOOKS H~nEWfounDlAno ~~~;~~:~~~~ ::bu if(,Jt;t 1.~~~ ,., "". O"";.,,'"~~,~~~,,:"O ":'0:.': '

., ~Of Atlantic Guardian commissioned Walter J. Crass, a well-known writerand editor who recently spent more than a year in the

Island, to do a special feature from the outsider's point of view.

Cross's book-length article makes probably the most significant

independent appraisal of Newfoundland and its people ever

written-equally valuable and enlightening to Newfoundlanders

and non-Newfoundlanders.

THE IlAGAYN£ TdAT PUTS~~N£WfOUlllAl~P!

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Coal Shovels,etc.

Known and Trusted for HIGH QUALITY all over Newfoundland•

•THE UNITED NAIL &FOUNDRY CO. LTD.ST. JOHN'S NEWFOUNDLAND

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN-the Magazine of NewfoundlandNOW $2 per year Postpaid ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD!

$3.50 for 2 years - $5.00 for 3 yearsTEAR OUT AND MAIL WITH REMITTANCE

GUARDIAN ASSOCIATES LTD.,

985 Sherbrooke St. West,

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If mailed in Newfoundland­

address H. O. HOUSE,CORNER BROOK

Please send ATLANTIC GUARDIAN far.following address:-

Name.

yeads) to the

Address.

Please indicate- NEW 0Date.

30

RENEWAL 0.. Amount Enclosed $ .

A.G.S

Reprinted by request

Who Stopped the Sunday Gun?The noon-day gun that for years untold hos announced mid-day to the citizens of St.

John's was at one time ordered to be dispensed with on Sundays by some economy-mindedfunctionary of the Government of that day. When an outraged citizenry demanded his head,there began the well-known game of "possing tho buck" (0 favorite indoor sport of those days)and Maurice Devine, famed local wit and newspaperman, immortalized tho event in thef al­lowing verses. "Tom Rose", by the way, was the chap who did the actual firing of the gun.

"Now hasten forth reporter man,"The editor did say."For some important news is outAbout the town to-day.Go down to Skipper Eli Dawe.And ask of him, my son,He knows,

I s'pose,Who told Tom Rose

To stop the Sunday gun."

Then straight hied thclt reporter manTo Skipper Eli Dawe,And sought the informationWith considerable awe,"I cannot tell," the skipper said,"But ask E. C. \Vatson-He knows,

I s'pose,Who told Tom Rose,

To stop the Sunday gun."

E.C. received the pencil fiendWith bland and kindly smile,And said "I'll get the news you want,In just a little while,I'll enquire of H. C. Morris(He is now out for a run)­He knows,

I s'pose,\Vho told Tom Rose,

To stop the Sunday gun."

Ere long, the stalwart form ofMr. Morris hove in sight,He said, "My dear reporter man,Go call on Richard White.For information of this sortGood Richard takes the bun­He knows,

I s'pose,Who told Tom Rose,

To stop the Sunday gun."

Good Richard in his kindly way,Received the wandering scribe,And said he always, always hadA liking for the tribe,"But for such information,Captain English is the onc-He knows,

I s'pose,Who told Tom Rose,

To stop the Sunday gun."

The Captain calmly listenedTo the scribbler's tale of woe,And said he always told the papersAnything he'd know."Try Mr. Wheatly, he's the man,Who'll ask no better'fun-He knows,

I s'pose,Who told Tom Rose,

To stop the Sunday gun."

To Mr. Wheatly's private den,The wanderer led the way,But lights were out, and doors were

locked,It was the close of day;But round the vaulted corridor,In echoing accents run-"Who knows,

Who'twose,Who asked Tom Rose,

To stop the Sunday gun."

The brave policeman on his beat,Was shocked at dawn of day,To find the body of a man,Prone lifeless, by the way.The spirit of the puzzled scribeHad flown beyond the sun­And now knows,

I s'pose,Who asked Tom Rose,

To stop the Sunday gun.

31

INA former Royal CanadianNavy machine shop on the south

side of St. John's, Newfoundlandveterans of World War II aregoing bock to "school" to perfecttheir native skills as bricklayers,plasterers, motor and diesel me­chanics, carpenters, electrical en­gineers, plumbers, tinsmiths, ma­chinists and refrigeration mechanics,under the expert guidance ofBritish Ministry of labour officialsbrought in by the Commission ofGovernment to inaugurate the coun­try's first Vocational Training Centre.

TRADE SCHOOLFOR VETERANS

Some 250 veterans have alreadycompleted six months of treiningin the various trades, including thegroup of men pictured below whowere the first trainees to attend theInstitute on its opening April 24th,1946. Many of the graduates havegone into industry; others areawaiting the opportunity to provewhat they can do with their newly·acquired skills.

Director of the Vocational Institutefor Ex-Servicemen is A. E. Hart,M.B.E. (in circle) who has been con-

DAILY NEWS PHOTO

nected with the training of men formany years in the Old Country andwho, for the six years of the war,was loaned to the NewfoundlandForestry Unit in Scotland as Adminis·trative Officer. Mr. Hart finds theNewfoundlonders very apt pupilsand says that all his graduates needis the chance to put their training towork.

The Trade School for Veterans,

aut of which will be created aregular Technical School under theDeportment of Education, is drawingmany visitors these days, includingGovernor Sir Gordon MacDonald(second from left, below) and J. A.Cochrane (right), Director of CivilRe-establishment. His Excellency hasshown keen interest in the welfare ofthe trainees and puts in a word forthem at every opportunity.

BRICKLAYERSBRICKLAYING from the ground up

is taught at the Vocational Institutefor Ex.-Servicemen, with specialemphasis on fireplaces and chim­neys. This phose of the buildingtrades, long practised widely inNewfoundland more or less inhandyman style, is now beingtaught at the veterans' school,along with other skills, with a touchof artistry as these pictures de­monstrate. Part of the current classof 16 is shown in action in the pictureat top, with V. G. Barnes, Instructorin Bricklaying and Plastering, fourthfrom the left. Shown in the secondpicture ore two trainees engaged inputting the finishing touches on onexample of Gothic brick-work. Bot­tom picture, left, shows anothergroup of fro inees working on afireplace. A small brick bungalow isbeing built on the southside of St.John's as a trade test (see coverpicture).

The ancient art of tinsmithing istaught here in what is probably thebest equipped machine shop inNewfoundland. In this class, as in allthe technical sections, there are 16trainees. Theory of sheetmetal workis discussed in classroom and supple­mented with practical applicationat the work-bench, as illustrated bythese pictures. At right, two traineesare seen at work bending a strip oftin on a machine that once did itspart in the Battle of the Atlantic.Below, William McGrath (secondfrom right) first Newfoundlander tobe employed at the Institute as aninstructor, explains the workings ofmetal hot air ducts, heating typesas used by the Housing Corporation,St. John's. TINSMITHS

Training in Diesel Engineering andMotor Mechanics attracts manyveterans because, with more andmore boats becoming powered andcars and trucks on the increase asroads are improved and extendedin Newfoundlond, the demond forjobs in these fields is likely to bebrisk. Pictured above is the Diesel

MECHANICS

Engineering "workshop" where the"knowhow" is leorned. At left, S. G.Whitmee (right) instructs a traineein the use of the bearing boring bar.

Below, two trainees in Motor Me­chanics work on an automobileengine under the eye of InstructorW. H. Robb (right).

ELECTRICIANSThe fundamentals of electricity

are explained to a class of traineesby Chief Instructor E. G. Mackenzie(at blackboard). Seated, facing thecamera, is E. C. Westcott, SeniorChief Instructor of the Institute.From the theory of the dynamo to apractical demonstration (see below)is a natural step at the well·organ­ized Vocational Institute. Individualinstruction is a feature of the trainingin all trades.

PLUMBERSPlumbers and pipefitters gradu­

ated from the Institute after theprescribed six months of trainingare rated by the plumbing trade ofNewfoundland as third-year ap­prentices, a gratifying endorsement.

Trainees in all sections work a 40­hour week, pay no fees, receive amonthly rehabilitation allowance,and are provided with protectiveclothing and a tool kit which they areallowed to keep. Picture at tapshows a trainee threading a pipe.Below, Instructor A. J. Brook, R.P.C.,(right) gives detailed instruction to amember of the plumbing class inpipefitling.

Teaching of the theory andscience of the various trades bymeans of lectures and technicalfilms, with the men taking notes onthe lectures and thereby acquiringtheir own text-books, is an importantphase of the Institute's work. But thefundamental basis for fitting veter­ans to go out into industry as quali­fied craftsmen is practical work withmachines and materials, in anenvironment that duplicates asclosely as possible the conditionsand facilities they are likely to meetin everyday work. Pictured on thispage are three typical trainingoperations in the metol machinists'closs. At top, 0 trainee is seen pre­paring to measure his work on alathe; at right, operating a shoper;below, cutting on a milling machinewith Instructor D. M. Muir (right)supervising. Precision work ispossible on these modern machines,thus eliminating hit-or-miss methodsand ensuring sound training everystep of the woy.

MACHINISTS

REFRIGERATIONMECHANICS

Refrigeration is another field ofindustry offering fair opportunityfor those who know the business, inNewfoundlond todoy. Veteronsapplying for this course have theireyes on the growing chain of fish­filleting ond cold-storoge plontsaround the island, and in turn theInstitute is conscious of the need toadopt the course to fit men for thisspeciolized work. To thot end thefirst class of Refrigeration traineeswere encouraged to help constructthe cold-storoge rooms ot theCentre. Instruction is given on aYork Compressor (see below).Above, the ort of oxy-ocetylenewelding is explained to a trainee byInstrudor Brook (right).

CARPENTERSIn Newfoundlond, porticulorly in

the outports, almost every man can,and does, build his own house.Whot the Vocoiionol Institute isseeking to do, in carpentry as in all

When the Institute opened therewas a waiting list of 1,000 veteransanxious to learn a trade. With theopening of an Annex it is expectedthot this list will be exhousted by themiddle of 1948. Then the TechnicolCollege will come into being.

less thon 2% of the enrolledveterans, according to Mr. Hart,wish to leove Newfoundlond oftertheir training; the great majoritylook forward to making a living inthe lond of their birth.

the other trades, is to turn outspeciolized trodesmen who will buildbetter homes and schools and boats.Instructor E. J. Horfield (left) stressesthe fine points of construction in histraining classes.

With 10 experienced Instructorsfrom the United Kingdom, includingthe Director, his Technical Assistant,P. C. Munday, and a number ofNewfoundlanders now being addedto the stoff as Instructors, the Voca­tional Institute is the forerunner of anew era of educational advance­ment in Newfoundland, and its effectwill be felt throughout the Islandbecause the classes in all tradesare representative of the wholecountry.

ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

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42

·The other da) the Education Editorof the l\Iontreal newspaper for whichwe toil throughout the long watches of

. the night tossed a lengthy release fromthe Education Department of theProvince of Saskatchewan onto ourdesk, remarking: "This may be of someuse to your Atlantic Guardian."

Flattered at this evidence of know­ledge of our magazine in high journal­istic circles, we picked up the releaseand read it carefully..\t first we didnot quite see where the :\'ewfoundlandconnection came in. It was an in­teresting enough release from a generaleducation point of view, telling of thework done by one C. H. Piercy,administrator of education for northernSaskatchewan. in providing educationalfacilities for the widely scattered popu­lation of that rURged northern ter·ritory.

1\1r. Piercy, according to the release,had gone into the northern territory in1944 and found conditions "deplor­able". Less than half of the 1,164childn..'n between the ages )f 6 and 15were going to school; many settlementshad no school at all; and several schoolswere L<"ing conducted in temporary andunsuitable quarters and several wereunable to obtain teachers.

The release went on to detail thesteps taken to overcome these con­ditions. Sc'1skatchewan spent S170,000on a dc\'c1opmt>nt program, built sevennew schools, hired more teachers andinjected "life" into the whole system.

\Ve found description of the new cur­riculum particularly interesting. It was"designed especially for :\'orthernschools". The "three Rs" were basicmaterial but apart from this, "practicalcourses in matters which will help thechildren fit themselves better into theirrugged northern environment," weregiven.

Here we began to sec some similaritybetween the educational needs of

43

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~-Choose a Business CareerYOUlljt IX'oplf' will Ix- f<.'quirro to filloffice J)O'litions which I{'ad to well-paidappointmt'IH'l a'l BU'lilll'gS Executives.Sccn'tari('!!I, Accouutantg, Office Mana­ger,.\\"f' ill\'iu' you to t'nquirc about the\'ariau" Shaw Cour~ in Busin("'!JsTraining.

Her. are a lew 01 th. SHAW Caurses:

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44

northerp Saskatchewan and manyparts 0: Newfoundland and thoughtthat this must have been what ourEducation Editor had in mind. Partic­ularly when we came across the follow­ing paragraph:

"Conservation of natural resourcessuch as fish, fur and timber rank highin the new curriculum, For jpstance,1\1r. Piercy is stocking all schools with'increment borers', a small gadgetwhich bores a chunk of wood out of atree, examination of which indicatesthe age of the tree, 1'1r. Piercy be­lieves that children who know howmany ycars it takes to grow a big treewill have more respect for the forestsin future, Carpentry, fur farming, maprcading, lISC of nrearms, leather workwill be stresS<.'<I for the boys; sewing,cooking, canning, home nursing for thegirls, Health, sanitation and citizen­ship will also be studied intensively."

It sounded like a program that couldbe sensibly adaplt'd to :\"ewfoundlandneeds and we nodded approvingly,

The punch-I inc, however, came at theend of t he article along with the realft.'ason it had bl'('n passed to us.

"The man responsible for puttingthis experiment in education intoefTect", the article said, ":5 ChesleyHickman Piercy, a teacher in theprovince for 33 years. .\ J\'ewfound­lander, ;\Ir. PiNey came to Saskat-chewan whell a yOllng man. "

\\'ell, \\'l' felt proud of 1\Ir. Piercy buta little !"ad also. Here was anotherexample of the fan that too often thesons of S (·\\foundland have to travelto far pl~KCS in order to gd the oppor­tunity to develop the talents that areso badly needed at home.

\\'e thanked the Education Editorand said we would tn' to make some-thing out of it. -

.The Public Relations department ofthe \\'estern t'nion Telegraph Com­pany in Xcw York the other day gaveout a special release to the newspaperstelling of the retirement of Thomas F.Foley, \\'estern l'nion Division TrafficSuperintendent of Cables and "pioneer

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ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

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46

in modern cable operation", after 56years service.

It is perhaps needless to remark thatthe Thomas F. Foley, 451 East 15thStreet, Brooklyn, N.Y., to which therelease referred, is the same man whoevery year checks in at the Newfound­land hotel in St. John's and signs theregister, "Tom Foley, Brigus."

The telegraph career that carriedMr. Foley to far corners of the worldand made him an international com­munications man well known to pressassociations and foreign press corres­pondents was begun in Brigus where hewas born in 1876.

He worked for the Anglo-AmericanTelegraph Company there before goingto New York to join Western Union.Before settling down to a steady climbup to one of the top positions in thatcompany he moved around and saw theworlJ a little. He went to Panama andPeru where he handled news dispatchesfrom the Spanish-American war. Dur­ing the RUS50-Japanese war of 1904 heworked for the Associated Press. Laterhe returned to v.,'estern Union, servedfor a while in Panama, and then cameback to New York.

He holds several patents on cableapparatus now in general use and is also

GUARDIAN ANGLES

an authority on polar exploration. Hereceived the first information concern­ing Peary's discovery of the :\'orth Pole(rolll his close friend, the latc Capt.Bob Bartlett and has written a numberof articles on polar exploration .

• Newfoundlanders in ;\Iontreal formedical treatment will soon be able tocount on a'visit to their hospital bedsfrom a fellow-countryman who is goingto be around :'\lontreal hospitals andconvalescent homes quite a lot fromnow on.

He is the Rev. \\', B. Barnes, ofCentenary Unit<'d Church in i\lontreal,who was born in i\lorl'lon's Harbourand came to Canada in 1916 and whohas recently been appoinll"Cl head ofthe chaplaincy which specializes invisits to these institution:"'. :\Ir. Barnessa\'S that about 8,000 l'niuod Churchmembers from all o'"er C,nada come to;\lontreal hospitals for treatment andhe and three other chaplains arc hard­pressed to administer to the net-ds of all.

He promised us, howcvt'r, that hewould keep a special eye out for ;'\cw­foundlandcrs and act as an unofficialreporter for us on the "ho!'opital beat. It

.Fred Tessier from Grand Bank sendsus news of the death there of CaptainJohn Thornhill, "?\cwfoundland'sgreatest and most colorful deep seafishing captain", in his 68th year.

Captain John was a figure of heroicproportions in a calling noted for thequalities it demands from those who godown to the sea in ships. He set up aNewfoundland record in his fishingcareer by landing a grand total of157,000 qtls. of salt fish and 1,500,000Ibs. of fresh fish.

His fame reached far outside of New­foundland for in 1926, when in com­Illand of the Lunenburg banker,Marion Belle \Volfe, he set up tworecords which still stand. On onebaiting he secured 1,900 qtls. andlanded 7,000 for the vorag-c. His lastvessel, the D. J" Thornhill, was builtespecially for him at Grand Bank andwas the last vessel launched at thatport.

47

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ATLANTIC GUARDIAN

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Off;" ;n tho Nowfoundlond Hot..,Sl~

48

A man of vision and enterprise, hewas quick to seize on new and improvedfishing methods and is considered thefirst man to use a power-driven fishingvessel in Newfoundland in the dayswhen sail was giving way to engine.

"In Captain John Thornhill's pas­sing," 1\lr. Tessier says, "Newfound­land has lost one of her great sons, aman of the sea who has made a placefor himself in the saga of the Nt:w­foundland deep sea fishery."

.Finally, we want you to have a lookat something that is becoming afamiliar sight in Newfoundland thesedays-a window display of AtlanticG1wrdian. Pretty, isn't it?

ARO r

A

Published b GUPUBL/SHYER ARDIAN ASSO985 Sherbrook: s? FAT LAN T/ cCI:~ES LTD.reel Wesl. _ ARD/ANMontreol C, anode.

~~/e .Newfoundland,stnbutors - - ~

CAMERA ~J~"

The Newfoundland AmericanInsurance Co. ltd. is proud

to associate itself withNewfoundland's well-justified

celebrations. The Company pointswith satisfaction to its own

growing business of securitythrough insurance for

an international clienteleof policyholders, in

all classes of protedion(except life).

YEAR OF DISCOVERY1497

1947YEAR OF DECISION

This is a daub Ie-barrel year for New­foundland, marking the 450th anniversaryof discovery by John Cobot and the re­birth of politico I expression in the Islondthrough the National Convention. Co bot'sship, "Matthew", and the historic ColonialBuilding in St. John's, the seat of govern­ment, are symbolic of this year's greatevents.