the millennium development goals...•mdgs is a vision to fight poverty in its many dimensions....

Frequently Asked Questions

THE MILLENNIUM

DEVELOPMENT GOALS

1

What are the

Millennium Development Goals?

• MDGs is a vision to fight poverty in its many dimensions.

• That vision is translated into eight goals, ranging from halving extreme poverty rates, to halting the spread of HIV/AIDS and providing universal primary education.

• Has remained the overarching development framework for the world for the last 15 years.

• Progress towards the eight goals is measured through 21 targets and 60 official indicators.

2

When are the MDGs expected to end?

The MDGs are expected to conclude on

31 December 2015

3

Were the MDGs a success?

• The MDGs have produced the most successful anti-

poverty movement in history.

• The MDGs have lifted millions out of poverty.

4

Were the MDGs a success? (Cont’d)

• Through MDGs the world has achieved equality in primary

education between boys and girls and investments in

health have produced positive results to name a few

accomplishments.

5

What have the MDGs accomplished?

• The MDGs have proven that goal-setting can lift millions

out of poverty, empower women and girls, improve health

and well-being and provide vast new opportunities for

better lives.

6

What have the MDGs accomplished? (Cont’d)

• Women have gained ground in parliamentary

representation in nearly 90 per cent of the 174 countries

with data over the past 20 years.

• In 2015, 95 per cent of the global population is using an

improved drinking water source, compared to 76 per cent

in 1990.

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• The global under-five mortality rate has declined by more

than half, dropping from 90 to 43 deaths per 1,000 live

births between 1990 and 2015.

8


• Since 1990, the maternal mortality ratio has declined by

45 per cent worldwide and most of the reduction occurred

since 2000.

9


• New HIV infections fell by approximately 40 per cent

between 2000 and 2013.

• Over 6.2 million malaria deaths were averted between

2000 and 2015.

10

What are the lessons learned from the

MDG experience?

• The MDGs show that a clear vision and targeted international efforts through coordinated partnerships with all engaged stakeholders can really work.

• Demonstrated that effective use of data can help to galvanize development efforts, implement successful targeted interventions, track performance and improve accountability.

• Using reliable data to monitor progress towards the MDGs also allowed governments at national and subnational levels to effectively focus their development policies, programmes and interventions.

11

What happens after

the goals expire in 2015?

• World leaders have called for an ambitious long-term

sustainability agenda to succeed the MDGs.

• A new development agenda will be formed which will

include 17 Sustainable Development Goals that will

build on the successes of the MDGs.

12

In what way are the

SDGs different from the MDGs?

• The new goals will encompass social, economic and

environmental dimensions.

• Tackling climate change and fostering sustainable

development are two mutually reinforcing sides of the

same coin; sustainable development cannot be achieved

without climate action.

13

Why is 2015 so important?

• This year, the UN is hosting three global conferences—

the Third International Conference on Financing for

Development in Addis Ababa in July, the Sustainable

Development Summit in New York in September and the

Climate Change Conference in Paris in December—that

will determine how we work together to promote shared

prosperity and well-being for all, while protecting the

environment over the next 15 years.

14

Why is 2015 so important? (Cont’d)

Success in this global agenda will be driven by the voices of the people, working in partnership with global

leaders, because we all have a shared responsibility for our future.

This is the time for global action.

15

THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS REPORT 2015

FACTS GLOBAL AND REGIONAL

16

Global Facts

17

2015 Final Assessment of

MDG Achievements

20

FINAL ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESS TOWARD ACHIEVING THE MDGS

The most successful anti-poverty

movement in history

An inspiring framework that has

led to many successes in

numerous development areas

since 2000

The successes of the MDG

agenda prove that global action

works.

It is the only path to ensure that

the new development agenda

leaves no one behind Photo: © UNICEF/Syed Altaf Ahmad

21

Poverty rates have been more than halved

Extreme poverty rate in developing countries

Goal: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

In 1990, nearly half of the

population in the developing

world lived on less than $1.25

a day; that proportion dropped

to 14 per cent in 2015.

This translates to over 1 billion

people lifted out of extreme

poverty.

The proportion of

undernourished people in the

developing regions has fallen

by almost half since 1990.

Global number of extreme poor

24

Extreme poverty:

In 1990, nearly half of the

population in the developing

regions lived on less than

$1.25 a day. This rate

dropped to 14% in 2015.

Globally, the number of

people living in extreme

poverty has declined from 1.9

billion in 1990 to 836 million

in 2015.

ERADICATE EXTREME POVERTY AND HUNGER

Hunger:

The proportion of undernourished

people in the developing regions has

fallen by almost half since 1990,

from 23.3 per cent in 1990–1992 to

12.9 per cent in 2014–2016.

25

Goal: Achieve universal primary education

Tremendous progress has been made since

2000 in enrolling children in primary school

The developing regions’ primary

school net enrolment rate has

reached 91 per cent in 2015, up

from 83 per cent in 2000.

The target is close to being

reached in all regions except sub-

Saharan Africa. Greatest progress

in primary school enrolment among

all developing regions occurred in

sub-Saharan Africa.

Adjusted net enrolment rate* in primary

education, sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania,

1990, 2000 and 2015 (percentage)

28

Primary school

enrollment:

In the developing regions,

the primary school net

enrollment rate has

reached 91% in 2015.

Sub-Saharan Africa

recorded the best progress

in primary education, with

a 20%-point increase in

the net enrollment ratio

from 2000-2015, compared

to an 8%-point gain

between 1990-2000.

ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION

Literacy rate:

Among youth aged 15 to 24,

the literacy rate has improved

globally from 83 per cent to

91% between 1990 and 2015,

and the gap between women

and men has narrowed.

Out-of-school children:

Globally, the number of out-

of-school children of

primary school age has

fallen to an estimated 57

million in 2015, down from

100 million in 2000.

29

The developing regions as a whole

have achieved the target to eliminate

gender disparity in primary,

secondary and tertiary education.

In Southern Asia, only 74 girls were

enrolled in primary school for every

100 boys in 1990. Today, 103 girls

are enrolled for every 100 boys.

Women have gained ground in

parliamentary representation in

nearly 90 per cent of the 174

countries with data over the past 20

years.

Goal: Promote gender equality and empower women

The developing regions have reached gender parity

in primary, secondary and tertiary education

Gender parity index* for gross enrolment

ratios in primary, secondary and tertiary

education in Southern Asia and the

developing regions, 1990, 2000 and 2015

* The gender parity index is defined as the ratio of the female gross enrolment ratio to

the male gross enrolment ratio for each level of education.

32

Gender equality in education:

Many more girls are now in school compared with 15 years ago. In Southern Asia, only 74 girls were enrolled in primary school for every 100 boys in 1990, but today, there are 103 girls for every 100 boys.

PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER WOMEN

Women in parliament:

Women have gained

ground in parliamentary

representation in nearly

90% of the 174 countries

with data over the past

20 years. The average

proportion of women in

parliament has nearly

doubled during the same

period, although only

one in five members is a

woman.

Women’s employment:

In 2015, women make up 41%

of paid employments outside

the agriculture sector, an

increase from 35% in 1990.

33

Goal: Reduce child mortality

Dramatic decline in preventable child deaths is one of the most significant achievements in human history

Global number of deaths of children under five

Photo: © UNICEF/Esiebo

Since the early 1990s, the rate of

reduction of under-five mortality

has more than tripled globally.

The global under-five mortality

rate has declined by more than

half, dropping from 90 to 43

deaths per 1,000 live births

between 1990 and 2015.

Measles vaccination helped

prevent nearly 15.6 million

deaths between 2000 and 2013.

36

Child mortality rate:

Globally, the under-five

mortality rate dropped

from 90 to 43 deaths per

1,000 live births

between 1990 and

2015. Despite

population growth in the

developing regions, the

number of deaths of

children under five

declined from 12.7

million in 1990 to almost

6 million in 2015

globally.

REDUCE CHILD MORTALITY

Infectious diseases:

Measles vaccination

helped prevent nearly

15.6 million deaths

between 2000 and

2013. The number of

globally reported

measles cases

declined by 67%.

About 84% of children

worldwide received at

least one dose of

measles-containing

vaccine in 2013, up

from 73% in 2000.

37

Goal: Improve maternal health

Steady progress was made to improve maternal health

Global maternal mortality ratio

(deaths per 100,000 live births)

Global births attended by skilled health personnel

Since 1990, the maternal

mortality ratio has declined by 45

per cent worldwide, and most of

the reduction has occurred since

2000.

More than 71 per cent of births

were assisted by skilled health

personnel globally in 2014, an

increase from 59 per cent in

1990.

40

Maternal mortality ratio

(worldwide):

Since 1990, it declined by

almost half worldwide, and

most of the reduction has

occurred since 2000.

IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH

Birth assistance:

Close to 3/4 of births were

assisted by skilled health

personnel globally in 2014, an

increase from 59% in 1990.

Maternal mortality ratio

(Southern Asia, sub-

Saharan Africa):

In Southern Asia, the

maternal mortality ratio

declined

by 64% between 1990 and

2013, and in sub-Saharan

Africa it fell by almost half.

41

New HIV infections fell by approximately 40 per cent between 2000 and 2013, from an estimated 3.5 million cases to 2.1 million.

By June 2014, 13.6 million people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally, an immense increase from just 800,000 in 2003. ART averted 7.6 million deaths from AIDS between 1995 and 2013.

HIV infections fell in many regions of the world

Goal: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Number of people receiving antiretroviral therapy, 2003-2015,

number of deaths from AIDS-related causes and number of

people newly infected with HIV, 2001-2013 (millions)

44

Over 6.2 million malaria deaths have

been averted between 2000 and

2015, primarily of children under five

years of age in sub-Saharan Africa.

More than 900 million insecticide-

treated mosquito nets were delivered

to malaria-endemic countries in sub-

Saharan Africa between 2004 and

2014.

Between 2000 and 2013, tuberculosis

prevention, diagnosis and treatment

interventions saved an estimated 37

million lives.

Number of insecticide treated mosquito nets

delivered in sub-Saharan Africa, 2004–2014

Goal: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Malaria and TB incidence have halted and reversed

Mosquito net icon: by Luis Prado from thenounproject.com

45

New infection rate of HIV:

New infections fell approximately

by 40% between 2000 and 2013,

from an estimated 3.5 million

cases to 2.1 million.

COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHER DISEASES

Tuberculosis:

Between 2000 and 2013,

tuberculosis prevention,

diagnosis and treatment

interventions saved an

estimated 37 million

lives. The tuberculosis

mortality rate fell by 45%

and the prevalence rate

fell by 41% between

1990 and 2013.

Malaria deaths and malaria

incidence rate:

Over 6.2 million malaria deaths

have been averted between

2000 and 2015, primarily of

children under five years of

age. The global malaria

incidence rate has fallen by an

estimated 37%, and the

mortality rate has fallen by

more than half.

Antiretroviral therapy:

By June 2014, 13.6 million people living

with HIV were receiving antiretroviral

therapy (ART) globally, an immense

increase from just 800,000 in 2003.

46

Goal: Ensure environmental sustainability

Safe drinking water and ozone protection targets met

In 2015, 91% of the global population

is using an improved drinking water

source, up from 76% in 1990– the

target was met 5 years ahead of the

2015 deadline.

Of the 2.6 billion people who have

gained access to improved drinking

water since1990, 1.9 billion gained

access to piped drinking water on

premises.

Ozone-depleting substances have

been virtually eliminated since 1990,

and the ozone layer is expected to

recover by the middle of this century.

1.9 billion people have gained access

to piped drinking water since 1990

98% of ozone-depleting substances

eliminated since 1990

49

Drinking water:

In 2015, more than 90% of the global

population is using an improved

drinking water source, compared to

around three-quarters in 1990. About

2.6 billion people have gained

access to improved drinking water

since 1990.

ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Slums:

The proportion of

urban population

living in slums in the

developing regions

fell from

approximately

39.4% in 2000 to

29.7% in 2014.

Ozone depletion:

Ozone-depleting

substances have been

virtually eliminated since

1990, and the ozone

layer is expected to

recover by the mid 21st c.

Sanitation:

Worldwide 2.1 billion people have

gained access to improved

sanitation. The proportion of people

practicing open defecation has

fallen almost by half since 1990.

50

ODA increased by 66% in real terms

between 2000 and 2014, reaching

$135.2 billion.

The number of mobile-cellular

subscriptions has grown almost

tenfold in the last 15 years: from 738

million to over 7 billion (2000-2015).

Internet penetration has grown from

just over 6 per cent of the world’s

population in 2000 to 43 per cent in

2015-- translating to 3.2 billion

people linked to a global network.

Goal: Develop a global partnership for development

Global improvements in official development assistance, mobile-cellular subscriptions and internet penetration

Official development assistance (ODA)

Internet penetration

53

Official development assistance (ODA):

ODA from developed countries increased by

66% in real terms between 2000 and 2014,

reaching $135.2 billion from 81 Kingdom

continued to exceed the United Nations ODA

target of 0.7% of GNI.

DEVELOP A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT

Internet penetration:

Internet penetration has grown from

just over 6 per cent of the world’s

population in 2000 to 43% in 2015.

As a result, 3.2 billion people are

linked to a global network of

content and applications.

Trade:

In 2014, almost 4/5 of imports from

developing to developed countries

were admitted duty free, up from

65% in 2000.

54

Facts about the

Caucasus and Central Asia

55

Hunger:

The region has achieved

the goal of halving hunger

by 2015. Also, the proportion

of undernourished children

was halved. The proportion

of undernourished people

in the total population has

decreased to 7.0% in

2014–2016.

CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

Primary education:

97.4% of pupils who

started primary school

completed the last

grade, bringing this

region closer to

achieving the universal

primary education goal.

56


Gender equality:

Parity in both primary and

secondary education between

boys and girls.

Parity in the No. of women and

men holding wage-earning jobs,

with women holding 44 out of

every 100 wage-earning jobs in

the non-agricultural sector in

2015.

The proportion of seats held by

women in national parliaments

increased from 7% in 2000 to a

projected 18% in 2015.

Child mortality:

The under-five mortality

rate was reduced by

55% between 1990 and

2015, from 73 deaths

per 1,000 live births in

1990 to 33 in 2015.

57


Water and sanitation:

The drinking water coverage has increased in

Caucasus and Central Asia, where the coverage

rate increased from 87% in 1990 to 89% in 2015.

The region reached the target of halving the

proportion of population without basic sanitation

ahead of schedule, with 96% of the population

using an improved sanitation facility in 2015.

58

Leaving no one behind

59

Gender inequality persists

Women continue to face

discrimination in access to work,

economic assets and participation

in private and public decision-

making.

Women are also more likely to live

in poverty than men.

Only one in five national

parliament members are women.

Photo: ©Tran Thi Hoa/World Bank

60

Big gaps exist between the poorest and the

richest; between rural and urban areas Children in the poorest households

are four times as likely to be out of

school as those in the richest

households.

Under-five mortality rates are almost

twice as high for children in the

poorest households as for children in

the richest.

About 50 per cent of people living in

rural areas lack improved sanitation

facilities, compared to only 18 per

cent of people in urban areas.

Photo: © UNICEF/Romenzi

61

Climate change and environmental

degradation undermine progress achieved

Global emissions of carbon dioxide

have increased by over 50 per cent

since 1990.

Water scarcity affects 40 per cent of

people in the world and is projected to

increase.

Overexploitation of marine fish stocks

led to declines in the percentage of

stocks within safe biological limits,

down from 90 per cent in 1974 to 71

per cent in 2011.

Photo: © UN Photo/Ky Chung

62

Conflicts remain the biggest threat to

human development

By the end of 2014, conflicts had

forced almost 60 million people to

abandon their homes—the highest

level recorded since the Second

World War.

Every day, 42,000 people on average

are forcibly displaced and compelled

to seek protection due to conflicts,

almost four times the 2010 number of

11,000.

Fragile and conflict-affected countries

typically have the highest poverty

rates. Photo: ©Jodi Hilton/IRIN

63

Millions of poor people still live in poverty and

hunger, without access to basic services

About 800 million people still live in extreme poverty and suffer from hunger.

Almost half of global workers are still working in vulnerable conditions.

About 16,000 children die each day before celebrating their fifth birthday, mostly from preventable causes.

1 in 3 people (2.4 billion) still use unimproved sanitation facilities– 946 million people still practise open defecation.

880 million people are estimated to be living in slum-like conditions.

Photo: ©Kaori Kobayashi/UNDP Picture This

64

Transitioning from the MDGs

to the Post-2015

Development Agenda

65

Sustainable data for sustainable

development The monitoring of the MDGs

taught us that data are an

indispensable element of the

development agenda – What gets

measured gets done

Better, faster, more

disaggregated data are needed

for the post-2015 development

agenda

Strong political commitment and

significantly increased resources

will be needed to meet the data

demand for the new development

agenda

Proportion of countries and territories in the

developing regions with at least two data

points for 22 selected MDG indicators, 2003,

2006 and 2014 (percentage)

66

Momentum to transition to the post-2015

development agenda

A bold new agenda is on the horizon–to better meet human needs and the requirements of economic transformation, while protecting the environment, ensuring peace and realizing human rights.

Global action works-- the successes of these past 15 years prove this. It is the only way to ensure that the new development agenda leaves no one behind.

“Reflecting on the MDGs and looking ahead to the next fifteen years, there is no question that we can deliver on our shared responsibility to put an end to poverty, leave no one behind and create a world of dignity for all.” --- UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki- Moon

67

TRANSITIONING FROM MDGs SDGs • Goal 1: Eradicating poverty and hunger is central

to the post-2015 development agenda

• Goal 2: The unfinished work on education must

rank high on the post-2015 development agenda

• Goal 3: The fundamental causes of inequality

between women and men must be rectified

• Goal 4: Child survival must remain at the heart of

the post-2015 global development agenda

68

• Goal 5: Improving maternal health is part of the

unfinished agenda for the post-2015 period

• Goal 6: Strategic efforts on health must be

expanded in the post-2015 era

• Goal 7: Environmental sustainability is a core

pillar of the post-2015 development agenda

• Goal 8: Greater funding and innovation are crucial

to implementation of the post-2015 development

agenda

TRANSITIONING FROM MDGs SDGs

69

A SYNOPSIS OF THE SUGGESTED

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

70

For the Full List of SDGs visit

http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/

For the SDGs full list visit http:/www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/





http://mdgs.un.org

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the millennium development goals...•mdgs is a vision to fight poverty in its many dimensions....

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