the mole contents what is a mole and why do we use it? calculating the number of moles of a single...

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THE MOLE THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

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Page 1: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

THE MOLETHE MOLE CONTENTS

• What is a mole and why do we use it?

• Calculating the number of moles of a single substance

• Reacting mass calculations

Page 2: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

Before you start it would be helpful to…

• know how to balance simple equations

• know how to re-arrange mathematical formulae

THE MOLETHE MOLE

DON’T BE LEFT IN THE

DARK!

Page 3: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

WHAT IS A MOLE ?

it is the standard unit of amount of a substance - it is just a number, a very big numberit is a way of saying a number in words, just like...

DOZEN for 12 SCORE for 20 GROSS for 144

THE MOLETHE MOLE

Page 4: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

HOW BIG IS IT ?

602200000000000000000000 (Approximately)... THAT’S BIG !!!

It is a lot easier to write it as... 6.022 x 1023

THE MOLETHE MOLE

WHAT IS A MOLE ?

it is the standard unit of amount of a substance - it is just a number, a very big numberit is a way of saying a number in words, just like...

DOZEN for 12 SCORE for 20 GROSS for 144

Page 5: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

HOW BIG IS IT ?

602200000000000000000000 (Approximately)... THAT’S BIG !!!

It is a lot easier to write it as... 6.022 x 1023

It is also known as... AVOGADRO’S NUMBER

It doesn’t matter what the number is as long as everybody sticks to the same value !

THE MOLETHE MOLE

WHAT IS A MOLE ?

it is the standard unit of amount of a substance - it is just a number, a very big numberit is a way of saying a number in words, just like...

DOZEN for 12 SCORE for 20 GROSS for 144

Page 6: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

WHY USE IT ?

Atoms and molecules don’t weigh much so it is easier to count large numbers of them. In fact it is easier to weigh substances.

Using moles tells you... how many particles you get in a certain mass the mass of a certain number of particles

DO I NEED TO KNOW ANYTHING ELSE ?

Yes, it would help if you can balance equations

AND Keep trying, you will get the idea ... EVENTUALLY!

THE MOLETHE MOLE

Page 7: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

WHAT IS IT? The standard unit of amount of a substance - just as the standard unit of length is a METREIt is just a number, a very big numberIt is also a way of saying a number in wordslike DOZEN for 12

GROSS for 144

THE MOLE – AN OVERVIEWTHE MOLE – AN OVERVIEW

Page 8: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

WHAT IS IT? The standard unit of amount of a substance - just as the standard unit of length is a METREIt is just a number, a very big numberIt is also a way of saying a number in wordslike DOZEN for 12

GROSS for 144

HOW BIG IS IT ? 602200000000000000000000 (approx) - THAT’S BIG !!!It is a lot easier to write it as 6.022 x 1023

And anyway it doesn’t matter what the number isas long as everybody sticks to the same value !

THE MOLE – AN OVERVIEWTHE MOLE – AN OVERVIEW

Page 9: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

WHAT IS IT? The standard unit of amount of a substance - just as the standard unit of length is a METREIt is just a number, a very big numberIt is also a way of saying a number in wordslike DOZEN for 12

GROSS for 144

HOW BIG IS IT ? 602200000000000000000000 (approx) - THAT’S BIG !!!It is a lot easier to write it as 6.022 x 1023

And anyway it doesn’t matter what the number isas long as everybody sticks to the same value !

WHY USE IT ? Atoms and molecules don’t weigh much so it iseasier to count large numbers of them.In fact it is easier to weigh substances.

Using moles tells you :- how many particles you get in a certain massthe mass of a certain number of particles

THE MOLE – AN OVERVIEWTHE MOLE – AN OVERVIEW

Page 10: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

CALCULATING THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

moles = mass / molar mass mass = moles x molar mass

molar mass = mass / moles

UNITS

mass g or kgmolar mass g mol-1 or kg mol-1

THE MOLETHE MOLE

MOLES = MASS MOLAR MASS MOLES = MASS MOLAR MASS

MASS

MOLES x MOLAR MASS

COVER UP THE VALUE YOU WANT AND THE METHOD

OF CALCULATION IS REVEALED

Page 11: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

Page 12: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g oxygen molecules have the formula O2

relative mass will be 2 x 16 = 32 ; molar mass will be 32g mol-1

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

Page 13: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g oxygen molecules have the formula O2

relative mass will be 2 x 16 = 32 ; molar mass will be 32g mol-1

moles = mass = 4g = 0.125 mol molar mass 32g mol -1

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

Page 14: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g oxygen molecules have the formula O2

relative mass will be 2 x 16 = 32 ; molar mass will be 32g mol-1

moles = mass = 4g = 0.125 mol molar mass 32g mol -1

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

Page 15: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g oxygen molecules have the formula O2

relative mass will be 2 x 16 = 32 ; molar mass will be 32g mol-1

moles = mass = 4g = 0.125 mol molar mass 32g mol -1

2. What is the mass of 0.25 mol of Na2CO3 ?

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

Page 16: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g oxygen molecules have the formula O2

relative mass will be 2 x 16 = 32 ; molar mass will be 32g mol-1

moles = mass = 4g = 0.125 mol molar mass 32g mol -1

2. What is the mass of 0.25 mol of Na2CO3 ?

Relative Molecular Mass of Na2CO3 = (2x23) + 12 + (3x16) = 106

Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 106g mol-1

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

Page 17: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g oxygen molecules have the formula O2

relative mass will be 2 x 16 = 32 ; molar mass will be 32g mol-1

moles = mass = 4g = 0.125 mol molar mass 32g mol -1

2. What is the mass of 0.25 mol of Na2CO3 ?

Relative Molecular Mass of Na2CO3 = (2x23) + 12 + (3x16) = 106

Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 106g mol-1

mass = moles x molar mass = 0.25 x 106 = 26.5g

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE

Page 18: THE MOLE CONTENTS What is a mole and why do we use it? Calculating the number of moles of a single substance Reacting mass calculations

1. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen molecules in 4g oxygen molecules have the formula O2

relative mass will be 2 x 16 = 32 ; molar mass will be 32g mol-1

moles = mass = 4g = 0.125 mol molar mass 32g mol -1

2. What is the mass of 0.25 mol of Na2CO3 ?

Relative Molecular Mass of Na2CO3 = (2x23) + 12 + (3x16) = 106

Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 106g mol-1

mass = moles x molar mass = 0.25 x 106 = 26.5g

MOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCEMOLES OF A SINGLE SUBSTANCE