the nature of:. r ecognizing the i mportance of p lant and s oil s cience
TRANSCRIPT
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The Nature of:
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RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
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OBJECTIVES
Identify the various roles of plants in everyday life;
Identify the various segments of plant and soil science; and
Identify important types of plants and their uses.
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ROLES OF PLANTS IN EVERYDAY LIFE
Why do we need plants? Food Food Chain Oxygen
Let’s list the most important uses of plants
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ROLES OF PLANTS IN EVERYDAY LIFE
Edible Plants Whole plants Portions of plants
The most important – can you guess? Grains
Wheat, rice, corn, barley
About 88% of the world’s total caloric intake comes from plant food sources
About 80% of the world’s protein intake comes from plant food sources
Some plants are used to make beverages
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ROLES OF PLANTS IN EVERYDAY LIFE
Industrial Uses Wood
What is it use for? Fiber
What is it use for? Chemicals
What is it use for? Rubber
What is it use for?
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ROLES OF PLANTS IN EVERYDAY LIFE
Medicinal uses Plants have played a very important role in
developing medicines
Scientists are still studying plants to understand the chemical compounds found within them
Some believe that some of our most deadly diseases will be cured by an undiscovered plant compound
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ROLES OF PLANTS IN EVERYDAY LIFE
Oils Many plants store oils as food in the seed or
plant itself Some oils are used to make or produce food
for humans Others are used in industry
What are some oil producing plants?
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
What makes up the top layer of the earth’s crust? Soil
What is soil science? Study of structure, composition,
fertility, use, and protection of soil.
What is plant science? Study of structure, functions, growth, and protection of
plants Can be divided into 3 categories
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
3 categories of Plant Science
Field Crops Forestry Horticulture Crops
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
Field Crops Plants (other than fruits and veggies) grown in
large fields and are used for agricultural purposes oil, fiber, grain, etc…
Corn and wheat are often grown for their seed but other parts of the plant can be used
Agronomy specializes in field crops and their relations with the soil
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
Forestry Science of growing trees and producing wood
products What are some wood products?
Tree Farms are cultured forests that are carefully planned
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
Horticulture Crops Grown for food, comfort, and beauty Two major areas of horticulture are
Ornamental Horticulture Food Crop Horticulture
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
Ornamental Horticulture Plants used for their beauty Floriculture
Use of plants for the flowers and foliage Foliage is the stems and leaves
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
Ornamental Horticulture Landscape Horticulture
Growing and using plants to make outdoor environment more appealing
Shrubs, flowering plants, lawn areas
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
Ornamental Horticulture Interiorscaping
Plants inside buildings to create an attractive indoor environment
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SEGMENTS OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
Food Crop Horticulture Growing plants for food Includes orchards and gardens
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FOOD CROP HORTICULTURE
Food Crop Horticulture Olericulture
Science of producing vegetable crops Pomology
Science of producing fruit and nuts
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TODAY’S ASSIGNMENT(NEED A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER)
For each area of plant science, list 5 crops that are grown. Field crops, Floriculture, Landscape,
Interiorscape, Olericulture, Pomology, Forestry. Circle the plant in each section that you
would be most interested in learning about. Choose 2 areas of plant science that interest
you and write a paragraph about each one explaining why you are interested, what kind of crops do you want to grow, etc…
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Very few wild plants play an important role in everyday life
Plant Domestication is removing plants from their native environment and growing them under controlled conditions
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Seven categories of important domesticated plants in North America They are all field and horticulture crops
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Grain Crops Plants grown for an edible seed
Does not include nuts Cereal Grains is the seed of grass-type plants
grown for food and animal feed
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Sugar Crops Source of sucrose
Sucrose is a carbohydrate that provides energy Major sugar crops
Sugar beets Sugar cane
Can you think of other sources of sugar?
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Oil Crops Grown for the vegetable oil in their seeds and
fruits
Major oil crops for the U.S. are: Soybeans Cotton Canola Corn
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Fiber Crops Grown for the fiber harvested from their fruit,
stems, or leaves
What are fibers? Threadlike structures used to manufacture cloth,
paper, and other things
What is the major fiber crop? Cotton Others include flax, hemp, jute, and ramie
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Vegetable, Fruit, and Nut Crops Primarily grown for food
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Forage Crops Forage: leaves and stems of plants used for
animal feed Primarily grasses or legumes
Grasses are non-woody plants that have parallel veins in their leaves
Legumes are broad-leaf plants that have the potential to fix nitrogen from air in the soil
Forages can be grazed or harvested and stored for later feeding
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Ornamental and Turf Crops Ornamental Crops: flowers, shrubs, vines, and
other plants grown for beauty and appeal
Turf Crops: provide a pleasing look and protect the soil Usually grasses What are they protecting the soil from?
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TYPES OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES
Other crops These just don’t fit in any other group Beverages
Coffee, tea, use your imagination Herbs, spices, or medicine