the need for technological and scientific collaboration: arctic upper atmospheric research john d...
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The Need for Technological and Scientific Collaboration: Arctic Upper Atmospheric Research
John D KellySRI International
The Sun-Earth System
The Aurora as Seen from the Ground
Space Weather Effects
Technology / Tools
Incoherent Scatter Radars of the World
Sondrestrom Incoherent Scatter Radar FacilitySondrestrom, Greenland
The Sondrestrom Facility is operated by SRI International and funded by the National Science Foundation
Photo by Craig Heinselman
European Incoherent SCATter Facilities (EISCAT)
Tromsø 931 MHz Ultra High Frequency Radar
Kiruna Ultra High Frequency Receiver and surrounding buildings
Sodankylä Ultra High Frequency Receiver
SvalbardFixed 42 m and steerable 32 m UHF parabolic antennas
500 MHz Ultra High Frequency Radar
The EISCAT is funded and operated by the research councils of Norway, Sweden, Finland, Japan, France, the United Kingdom and Germany.
The Scandinavian facility consists of a transimitter/receiver station at Tromso, Norway, and receiver stations at Kiruna, Sweden and Sodankyla, Finland, and
AMISR A New Instrument for Imaging the Ionospheric Plasma
Application of phased array technology to scientific
instruments
AMISR Production Team
• SRI International– Project Management, Engineering, Panel integration,
Deploymnent & test
• VECO Alaska, Inc.– Structure design, construction
• Sanmina-SCI– Electronic manufacturing of AEUs & PCUs
• SSPA Vendor– Currently Comtech
AMISR Deployments
• Jicamarca Peru– October 2004– 8 panels
• Gakona, AK (HAARP)– January 2005– 8 panels
• Poker Flat, AK– November 2005– 32 panels
AMISR
Collaborators– MIT Millstone Radar(data distrubution )– Sanmina-Sci (subassembly manufacturing)– University of Calgary (research)– University of Alaska – Fairbanks (Poker Flat site support &
research)– Center for Remote Sensing (DAQ)– VECO Alaska Inc. (construction)
First AMISR Face – Poker Flat, Alaska
Resolute Bay Observatory (RBO)Resolute Bay, Canada
The RBO is operated by SRI International and funded by the National Science Foundation
Need for Collaboration
• Big Picture of Polar Cap Phenomenon
• Complex, Coupled System
• Multiple Locations
• Large, Complex, Expensive Instrumentation required
• Technology, Multiple Sensor (radar, optical, spaceborne)
Arctic Research
Arctic System Science• Air• Land • Sea• People• History• Animals• Plants• Climate• Snow & Ice• Water Systems• Coast• Environment• Pollution
Arctic Upper Atmosphere• Sun• Magnetic Field
– Earth– Solar
• Atmospheric Chemistry• Plasma Physics• Aurora• Modeling
Approach to Collaboration
• Form Consortium– High Latitude Observatories
• Sondrestrom• EISCAT • AMISR, Poker Flat & Resolute Bay
• Formal Structure– URSI (coordinate schedule for ground based facilities)– Science Initiatives
• CEDAR• GEM
Arctic Upper Atmospheric Observatories
Benefits of Collaboration
• Allows Studies of Arctic upper Atmosphere from Holistic point of View
• Promote Data Sharing
• Access to Increased Funding With Common Goals– Agencies fund groups with common goals vs individual goals– Promotes continuity in funded programs
Obstacles to Collaboration
• Competition
• Complexity of Instrument Dictates Focus / Consumes Resources
• Focus is on Using Local Instrument
• Lack of Overarching Driver
Thank You