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Page 1: The Neuron Dendrites Cell body (perikaryon, soma)
Page 2: The Neuron Dendrites Cell body (perikaryon, soma)
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The NeuronDendritesCell body (perikaryon, soma)

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Axon

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Support cells (neuroglia)- more abundant than neurons- more mitotic capability

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Axon hillock

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Gaps between Schwann cells called nodes of Ranvier

axolemma

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Myelinated axons: sheath of Schwann and myelin sheathone Schwann cell myelinates a single axonmultiple Schwann cells needed to cover entire length of an axon

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Oligodendrocytes myelinate CNS axons (if myelinated)

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Central Nervous System1. brain2. spinal cord

- ganglia associated

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3. axons project to and from the body (CNS PNS)4. cell bodies in CNS except some in ganglia

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Transmission1. innervation

- cell body as integrator2. action potentials (impulses)

- axon hillock3. myelin sheath

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Synapses- presynaptic terminal- postsynaptic terminal- neurotransmitters- ligand-gated ions channels on postsynaptic membrane

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Gap junction (nexus)- is an electrical synapse

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Nervous System

Organization of neurons1. circuits for stimulus-response2. exchange of information

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Neuron signaling1. afferent vs. efferent2. interneurons3. circuits

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Anencephaly

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Anencephaly

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Spina bifida occulta with meningocoele

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Spina bifida with failure of neuropore closure

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Cortical dysplasia

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Cortical dysplasia

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