the new māori and māori health

The New Mori and Mori HealthProfessor Chris CunninghamResearch Centre for Mori Health & DevelopmentMassey University @ Wellington

Overview Defining Mori is a non-trivial exerciseHauora, health, cultural identity M-factorThe New Mori framework

Defining Mori Race/ethnicityI define youYou define youTreaty relationshipDescent from a signatoryCulturalLook, think and operate as Mori

Standards for Ethnicity

He Kainga OrangaMori respondentsSame questionnaire scheduleSame interviewersSame environment18% ethnic migration

Treaty of Waitangithe only thing that matters is that the Treaty exists

Relationship NOT partnershipParties NOT partnersDescent

EthnicityPhenomenon of ethnicityCategorisation for measurement purposes

InequalitiesACCEPTABLE

Male/female life expectancyOlder/younger people outcomesUNACCEPTABLE

IncomeEducationGeographyIdentitySexualCulturalEthnic

Te Hoe Nuku Roa Best OutcomesEstablished 1993Some 500 households, 1500 individual MoriSurvey at 3 yearly intervals80-90% retention rate

Mori identity indicators/qualitiesTe reo MoriMaraeWhakapapaPolitical identityMori ethnicityCultural identityIwiWhnau ValueParticipationKnowledgeExpressionPreferenceKnowledge/practiceKnowledge/practiceContribution

Mori indicators and itemsTe reo Mori

Te Reo Mori is an important language for me

Mori indicators and itemsMarae

I have a high level of comfort participating in activities at marae

Mori indicators and itemsWhakapapa

I can recite more than three generations of my Mori whakapapa

Mori indicators and itemsPolitical identity

The Mori electoral roll should continue as one way of recognising Mori rights

Mori development should be parallel to the development of NZ generally

Mori indicators and itemsMori ethnic identity

I prefer to identify only as Maori

I prefer to include Mori as one of my ethnic groups

Mori indicators and itemsCulture

It is important for Mori children to feel confident about Mori culture

Mori and Pakeha are very alike

Mori indicators and itemsIwi

I responded positively to the Tuhono initiative

I know my iwi but they dont know me very well

Mori indicators and itemsWhnau

I interact with my whnau as frequently as possible

I prefer to associate mostly with Mori people

Item Response TheoryCan reduce these items from 8 to 2-4Can predict responses to other questions

Indigenousbeing born in a placeolder indigenous group versus younger indigenous groupFlora and fauna and people treated differentlyWorldview

Indigenous WorldviewAll creation is spirit

Western versus Eastern versus Indigenous Integral association with nature/land

Hauora and healthMODELSWhare Tapa Wha (M Durie)Wheke (RR Pere)Nga Pou Mana (RCSP)Waiora (S Palmer)

HealthHauora

Diverse Mori Realities

Tibble Continuum

The New Maori

SummaryDefining Mori is a non-trivial exerciseThe Treaty exists / relationship / partiesHauora is not the Mori word for healthEthnicity is part of your identity it is NOT your identityPerfecting ethnicity question is a holy grailMori identity : continuous measurable traitNew Mori includes an increasingly pluralistic group