The Open EcosystemIssues and challenges for Institutional Repositories

H Anil KumarLibrarian, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad

Jyoti Nivas College , February 18, 2014

OUTLINE

• The Open Ecosystem• Trends in Education• IRs: Importance, Issues and Challenges• IR@VSL

The Open Ecosystem

www.opensocietyfoundations.org/

www.opengovpartnership.org

http://www.openscholarship.org

okfn.org/opendata/

https://index.okfn.org/

http://www.openscholar.org.uk/open-peer-review/

http://www.peerageofscience.org/

• The proportion of the UK’s total annual research output that was available through open access in 2012 was about 40%, compared to a worldwide average of 20%.

• The latest data from the UK Open Access Implementation Group shows that 35% of the UK’s total research outputs are freely provided through Green, through an existing network of more than 200 active institutional and disciplinary repositories

• Inevitable • All agree that it is needed but….funding!• Unsustainable subs

Serials expenditures have been rising at approximatelytriple the rate of the consumer price index over this time

Current business model in the scholarly publishing

• Currently, public funds are used three times in the research process– to pay the academics who conduct the research– to pay the salaries of the academics who conduct the peer review process– to pay for access to this research through institutional journal subscriptions

• UK HE libraries – More than £150m subscriptions annually – Yet cannot afford to access all the research that is needed

• Are we being charged more or less than another – No idea– The power to negotiate is driven down

• There is mounting concern that the financial benefits from the Government’s substantial investment in research are being diverted to an excessive degree into the pockets of publishers’ shareholders.

http://www.opendoar.org/

http://roar.eprints.org/

Hole in the wall

Self-Organized Learning Environments (SOLEs)

Technology Advantages

• Learn at your own pace and interest• Supplement learning in the classroom• Less dependency on formal support• Variety and wide range of choices• Explore new ways of learning

Learning and education• Formal methods– Classroom training– Laboratory training– On the job or apprenticeship

• Non-formal methods– Self-study and Reading– Watching, seeing and trying

• Sources– Institutes / schools / industries / employers– Libraries and laboratories– Internet

Why go beyond formal methods?• The 95 Percent Solution: School is not where most Americans learn most

of their science by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking

• Recent findings challenge the longstanding belief that the place for science knowledge acquisition is the classroom.

• International comparisons of trends in science knowledge over lifetimes suggests that much if not most science knowledge is acquired outside of school.

American Scientist: v. 98 (Nov-Dec), 2010

A Magazine Is an iPad That Does Not Work.m4v.mp4

• The prison industry needs to plan its future growth – how many cells are they going to need? How many prisoners are there going to be, 15 years from now? And they found they could predict it very easily, using a pretty simple algorithm, based on asking what percentage of 10 and 11-year-olds couldn't read. And certainly couldn't read for pleasure.

• Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child's love of reading: stop them reading what they enjoy, or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind up with a generation convinced that reading is uncool and worse, unpleasant.

• China in 2007, at the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy convention in Chinese history.

• It's simple, he told me. The Chinese were brilliant at making things if other people

brought them the plans. But they did not innovate and they did not invent. They did not imagine. So they sent a delegation to the US, to Apple, to Microsoft, to Google, and they asked the people there who were inventing the future about themselves.

• And they found that all of them had read science fiction when they were boys or girls.

Libraries and IRs

• Archiving Need• Current emphasis on research (doctoral,

publishing, etc)• Cost of accessing other research• Improve quality of our research• Access a credible network of Indian

researchers and their research

Why is it important?

• Showcasing academics• Overall improvement of academic culture• Facilitates Collaboration• Transparency of outcomes• Better ranking of institutions• Facilitates evaluation of collections• Demand for ‘India Context’ research• Changing metrics of impact or use of research

Issues and challenges• Technology• Preservation• Impact on scholarship• Content: Data vs Analysis• Institutional and National Policies• Discoverability and search• Integration with other resources• Copyright• Metrics of usage

Vikram Sarabhai LibraryIR in 2010

After 3 years…

Technical DetailsEarlier Currently

Dspace 1.5.1 (later to 1.8.1)

Operating System: FedoraJava: 1.5.Maven: 2.0.8Ant: 1.6.2Apache Tomcat: 6.0PostgreSQL: 8.1

DSpace : 3.2

Operating System: CentOSJava : 1.7.0_45Maven : 3.1.1Ant : 1.9.2Apache Tomcat : 7.0.47PostgreSQL : 9.3

• Migration issues– Existing backup of database– Customized files (layout, email etc)– Metadata– Cron job

Full Text Resources Bibliography Only

Thesis and Dissertation (291) Books (480)

Working Papers (2028) Book Chapters (875)

Annual Reports (48) Journal /Magazine articles (2629)

News Paper Clippings (195) Monographs (388)

Conference Proceedings (130) Research Projects (855)

Video Archives (1) Cases and notes (2262)

Student Projects (0) Newspaper Articles [749]

Repository Contents

Discovery Search

Metadata customization

Video Archives

Future Plan

• Up gradation to New Version (4.0)

• Video Archives• Harvesting data from

other IIMs• Student Projects• Analyze research trends• Capture ongoing research

Overall library trends to keep in mind…

• Space is of prime importance.• Open movement is here!

– Content – Data – Technology – Education – Talent

• Technology trend - cloud and mobile would affect the interface.• Library Services – collection owning / building to collection access.• Library talent will move from so called traditional work to actually Traditional

WORK – ‘Help Discover’.• Focus on domain expertise as the reference queries would be multidisciplinary.• Entrepreneurship will also become important in all domains of education.• Research in the context India is becoming very important and therefore IR will

become extremely useful.• In this context need for data that is India specific would increase.• Move from support to partnering roles!

THANKS

anilkumar@iimahd.ernet.in