the opening markets project audrey kreske family and consumer sciences north carolina state...
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The Opening Markets project
Audrey KreskeFamily and Consumer Sciences North Carolina State [email protected] *Funded by Carolina Farm Stewardship
Association*
Jaquith Strawberry Farm
Rural Washington county, Oregon
35 acre strawberry producer – 4rth generation
Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak15 sick4 hospitalized2 suffered kidney failure1 died
Jaquith Berries
Sold to nearly 20 buyers and to the public at the farm or roadside stands, farmers markets and retail outletsHand written lists of buyers – sometimes only first namesBerries changed hands often – Buyers to Farmers Markets to
Consumers
Lab tests confirmed that deer feces found in fields was the sourceDeer – natural reservoir for E. coli O157:H7Pickers should have noticed deer feces
Recalls of 4,800 flats announced by Ron Spada Farms of Portland and Growers Outlet
http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/GAPGHPAuditVerificationProgram
http://gapsmallfarmsnc.wordpress.com/
http://www.ncagr.gov/markets/NCgradesvc/
The ProcessUSDA GAP certification
Good agricultural practices Parts 1 and 2Good handling practices Parts 3 and 4
Grading (80% to pass)Points 5, 10, 15, no partial pointsN/A
$92/hour Conducting the audit, travel time and preparatory timeUnannounced 2nd visit (separate cost)
In operation less than 30 days
Submit food safety manual for review
GAP certification
Opening Markets project
12 farms across NC with <30 acres
One hour visitsSurvey and onsite evaluation
Self diariesFlip cam
Providing food safety manual templates and other documents
Determining economic impact
Participating farms
Growing method
LaborFull/part-time
Seasons in operation
Commodity diversityLivestock
Current marketsDirect to market,
wholesale
Water source
Bathrooms
Liability insurance
Farm characteristicsGrowing method
7 out of 12 certified organic
House bathroom7 out of 12
Dog on property5 out of 12
Fencing3 out of 12 with no
fencing
Irrigation water4 out of 12 well water
only
Livestock on property5 out of 12
Employees9 out of 12
Risk reduction on the farmWater source (production and wash water)
Application method (microsprinkler/drip)Testing/treatment
Animals Domestic and wildlifeLivestockUsed for weed/pest control
Worker health and hygieneTraffic patterns
Risk reduction on the farm
Manure/compostingDefinitions (raw manure/green)Composting method
Active/passiveApplication time
90/120 daysCrop rotation
Bathroom and hand washingHouse bathroom
Risk reduction on the farm
Equipment/containersCleaning/sanitizingPackaging
Reuse
Facilities/storageCleaning/sanitizingPest control
TraceabilityMock recalls
QualitySprouts
Barriers identified
① Language of the document
② Misinformation
③ Time
④ Documentation
⑤ Buyer expectations
⑥ Site specific risk recognition/audit requirements
Next steps
GAP guidance document
Economic impact of GAPs
Summer 2012 certification
ConclusionsConclusions
Several routes of contamination….Several routes of contamination….
No kill step when produce is consumed rawNo kill step when produce is consumed raw
Outbreaks have shown that microorganisms Outbreaks have shown that microorganisms survive and cause infectionsurvive and cause infection
Good Agricultural Practices can be attained Good Agricultural Practices can be attained
Ultimately reducing risks on the farm regardless of Ultimately reducing risks on the farm regardless of GAP implementation is importantGAP implementation is important
Thank You
Audrey Kreske, [email protected]
http://gapsmallfarmsnc.wordpress.com/
www.foodsafetyinfosheets.comwww.foodsafetyinfosheets.com
www.barfblog.comwww.barfblog.com
Questions??
*Funded by Carolina Farm Stewardship Association*