the origin of spaces - project outline - 2014-2017 (french)
TRANSCRIPT
Origin of Spaces - innovative practices for sustainable multidisciplinary clusters - research
! "#$!! %&'(')!! %*!! +,-.$+
')"&%/0."'%)
.%11-2%&-"'%)!3$&"0$0+$
"#$!%&'(')!%*!+,-.$+!!""#$%&'(%)*%+,'-)(*.(&%/0-.&%12))*32+*4(52.%6&+(-&-'&%&.(+&%/577,+&.('%,12'8'(9:&'%&-+2;,&.'%5..264*.('%3*','%<%=5)3*2%!>';*?.&$@%A5'32..&%!B2+(-?*)$@%A2./+&'%!C.?)&(&++&$@%B-)*%!D+2*(5&$%E%=2+/&*-F%!G+*.1&$H%%
2%'"$!-!%0"'1+!/$!"'$&+41'$05
A&'%;*+(&.*5+&'%/-%;+2I&(%(+*6*5)4)&.(%<%)*%1+,*(52.%/0-.&%32J(&%<%2-(5)'%/&'(5.,&%*-F%5.'(5(-(52.'%)21*)&'@%*-F%12))&1(565(,'@%&(%<%(2-(%*-(+&%*1(&-+%;+56,%2-%;-3)51%12.1&+.,%;*+%)&%3&'25.%/&%1+,&+%/&%.2-6&*-F%K5&+'4A5&-F%&(%/&%+,5.6&.(&+%'2.%(&++5(25+&H
$&-+60+!7!
D&%;+2I&(%.,%&.%LMNO@%5.5(5,%;*+%)0C''215*(52.%/&'%P*+Q5.5&.'@%&'(%!"#$%&#'%$'(&)&*+',)-'.)'/"04:5''52.%>-+2;,&..&%!>RC#ST#%U$%V-5%)0*%*?+,,%&.%;+&:59+&%)&14(-+&%*6&1%-.&%.2(&%&F&:;)*5+&%/&%WXYNMMH%%
')"&%/0."'%)
0)!%0"'1!/$!"&-3-'1!0"'1$
D&((&%32J(&%<%2-(5)'%:&((+*%<%/5'4;2'5(52.%/&%)0&.'&:3)&%/&%1&'%*1(&-+'%,12.2:5V-&'%-.%2-(5)%/&%(+*6*5)%-(5)&@%+&?+2-;*.(%/&'%+&''2-+1&'%&(%/&'%:,(Z2/&'%2;,+*(52..&))&'%&.%:*(59+&%/&%(+*.'5(52.%,12)2?5V-&%&(%/&%1224;,+*(52.%,12.2:5V-&H%
8!"#$6-"'90$+!/$!"&-)+'"'%)
:!"&-)+'"'%)!$.%1%('90$!
:!(%03$&)-).$!,-&"-(;$
:!.%<%&=')(!601"'/'+.',1')-'&$
:!$)"&$,&$)$0&'-"!+%.'-1!
:!,-&"$)-&'-"+!1%.-05
-,,&%.#$+!.&;-"'3$+
P577,+&.(&'%*;;+21Z&'%1+,*(56&'%'&+2.(%&F;)2+,&'%;2-+%;+,'&.(&+%/&'%:2/9)&'%5..26*.('@%*;;)54V-,&'%*-F%/2:*5.&'%'-56*.('@%/*.'%)&'V-&)'%1Z*V-&%*1(&-+%'05))-'(+&%[%%
$)>$05
/$+!$+,-.$+!'))%3-)"+
>.%+,;2.'&%*-F%.2-6&))&'%:-(*4(52.'%'215,(*)&'%&(%,12.2:5V-&'@%/&'%&';*1&'%5..26*.('%&(%:-)(54/5'15;)5.*5+&'%,:&+?&.(H%
.1;+!/$!.%6,&;#$)+'%)
C%(&+:&@%)&%;+2I&(%""#%/2..&+*%/&'%1),'%/&%12:;+,Z&.'52.%/-%72.1(52..&:&.(%/&%1&'%,124'8'(9:&'%&(%/&'%2-(5)'%;2-+%)&'%/,6&)2;;&+H%
"?@!%ABCBD!EF!+GHI@J!EKLA@!KD!IH?B@A!M@J!GEJJBNBOBPQJR
-,,&$)/&$!1$+!0)+4/$+4-0"&$+
B&./*.(%\%*.'@%)&'%;*+(&.*5+&'%/0%""#%62.(%,1Z*.?&+@%'&%+&.12.4(+&+@%12))*32+&+%&(%*;;+&./+&%)&'%-.'4/&'4*-(+&'%;2-+%:5&-F%'*5'5+%)&'%-'*?&'%/&%1&'%(5&+'4)5&-FH%
%2>$."'*+
!!"#$%&'()*'"+$",&&-.'$/(&0".,&0&1(23*")3'"+*)"/*''(/&('*)
!"4*//'*"*0"'.)*$3"5*)"*)-$,*)",&++$6&'$/(7)"8"+9.,:*++*"+&,$+*"*/"(0/*'0$/(&0$+*
!";&++*,/*'"+*)"6&00*)"-'$</(23*)"+(.*)"8"+9.1*'=*0,*"59.,&)>)/?1*)"(00&%$0/)
!"#$,(+(/*'"+*"5.%*+&--*1*0/"5*"0&3%*$3@"+(*3@":>6'(5*)
2$)$*'.'-&$+
-."$0&+!$.%)%6'90$+S!,021'.+!T!,&'3$+!/0!"$&&'"%'&$
A&'%5.'(5(-(52.'%)21*)&'@%)&'%12)4)&1(565(,'%&(%(2-(%*-(+&%*1(&-+%;+56,%2-%;-3)51%5.(,+&'',%;*+%)&%/,6&)2;;&:&.(%/&%K5&+'4A5&-FH
!"A,,.5*'"8"30"'.)*$3"5*",&1-./*0,*)".-'&3%."-&3'"+$",'.$/(&0"*/"+*"5.%*+&--*1*0/"5930"B(*')<+(*3@
!"C.*@-+&(/*'"5*)"6&00*)"-'$</(23*)"-&3'"5.%*+&--*'"5*)"+(*3@"*@()/$0/)"&3"*0",'.*'"5*"0&3%*$3@
%%
'6,-."!U!
/$3$1%,,$&
!"A,,.5*'"8"5*)"1./:&5*)"/*)/.*)"*/"$--+(,$6+*)"*0"1$/(?'*"5*"'*)-&0)$6(+(/.)")&,($+*"*/"*0%('&00*1*0/$+*
!";&0)&+(5*'"+*"1&5?+*".,&0&1(23*"5930"B(*')<+(*3@"
2$)$*'.'-&$+
1$+!0+-($&+!/$+!$.%+V+"$6$+
K2-(&%;&+'2..&%5:;)5V-,&%/*.'%)&'%2+?*.5'*(52.'%-'*?9+&'%/&%1&'%,12'8'(9:&'
!"D.1&,'$/()*'"*/"5.,+&()&00*'"5*)")$%&(')
!"#$%&'()*(+#",-)"()*+(.+/,("
%%
'6,-."!U!
.%<%&=@A
!"E,:$0=*'"*/"$--'*05'*
!"D.%*+&--*'"+*"'.)*$3"-'&<7*))(&00*+"
2$)$*'.'-&$+
1$+!,$&+%))$+!$5";&'$0&$+
K2-(&%;&+'2..&%&(%2+?*.5'*(52.%V-5%'05.(,+&''&%<%)0,:&+?&.1&%/&%1&'%.2-6&))&'%/8.*:5V-&'
!"F6/*0('"5*)"'*))&3',*)"5*)"$,/*3')"23("7&0/",*)".,&)>)/?1*)
!"G*",&00*,/*'"8"30*",&1130$3/."$,/(%*""
%%
'6,-."!U!
&$).%)"&$&
!"A,,.5*'"8"5*"0&3%*++*)"1./:&5*)"*/"$--'&,:*)"5*"/'$%$(+
,&%(&-66$
.%4.%)+"&0."'%)
P-+*.(%1&'%(+25'%*..,&'%/&%;+24I&(@%/&%.2:3+&-F%,6,.&:&.('@%+&.12.(+&'%&(%'&''52.'%/&%72+4:*(52.%'2.(%2+?*.5','%&.%6-%/&%)*%12412.'(+-1(52.%/&%)*%32J(&%<%2-(5)H
NH%T.&%;+&:59+&%*..,&%/&%+&1Z&+41Z&@%/&%12))&1(&'%/05.72+:*(52.'%&.(+&%)&'%;*+(&.*5+&'%;2-+%12.4'(+-5+&%-.%'21)&%12::-.%/&%12:4;,(&.1&'%&(%/&%'*625+47*5+&H
LH%T.&%/&-F59:&%;Z*'&%;2-+%)&%/,6&)2;;&:&.(%/&%)*%32J(&%<%2-(5)'%;,/*?2?5V-&H
\H%A*%/&+.59+&%;Z*'&%;2-+%;*''&+%/&'%(&'('%39(*@%/02;(5:5'&+%'*%72.1(52.*)5(,@%&(%/&%;+,'&.(&+%)&%+,'-)(*(H%
.$!,&%>$"!+0&!W!-)+!+$!/;.1')$!$)!"&%'+!(&-)/$+!,#-+$+!U%
,-&"$)-'&$+
1'$0!U/-&<')!;.%+V+"X6$S!2%&/$-05S!*&-).$
"#$6-"'90$!U!"&-)+'"'%)!$.%1%('90$
%%
(+9'%6*+5,%/0*1(565(,'%[%&.(+&;+5'&'%/0,12.2:5&%6&+(&%&(%1+,*(56&@%&';*1&'%/&%124Q2+]5.?@%5.1-3*4(&-+'%/0&.(+&;+5'&'@%,6,.&:&.('%1-)(-+&)'@%*+(5'(5V-&'%&(%'215*-F@%1-)(-+&%-+3*5.&@%I*+/5.'%;*+(*?,'@%1)-3%.*-(5V-&@%-.%+&'(*-+*.(%&(%-.&%,;51&+5&%352)2?5V-&'^%B)-'%/&%NLM%&.(+&;+5'&'%%&(%OM%*'4'215*(52.'%(+*6*5))&.(%&(%5..26&.(%&.'&:3)&H%%%%
_.5(5,%/&;-5'%LMM`%;*+%/&'%&.4(+&;+&.&-+'%=2+/&)*5'%/-%?+2-;&%>62)-(52.@%)&%;+2I&(%P*+Q5.%>124'8'(9:&%*%;&+:5'%)*%+,.26*4(52.%/0&.(+&;a('%/&'%*.15&..&'%1*'&+.&'%b5&)@%-.%Z,+5(*?&%Z5'(24+5V-&%/&%=2+/&*-FH%
C-I2-+/0Z-5@%P*+Q5.%*11-&5))&%*-%'&5.%/&%'&'%\%Z&1(*+&'@%-.%;*.&)%
,-&"$)-'&$+
1'$0!U#-.$&'-!-&"$-=S!Y-<,2'12-%S!$+,-()$
"#$6-"'90$!U!,-&"$)-&'-"+!1%.-05
%%
NM%2+?*.5'*(52.'%/&%124Q2+]&+'%&(%-.&%:-)(5(-/&%/02+?*.5'*(52.'%&(%/&%?+2-;&'%/0*+(5'(&'%'08%+&4(+2-6&.(@%*?5''*.(%/*.'%/&'%/2:*5.&'%/0*1(52.%6*+5,'%[%,12.2:5&%1+,*(56&%&(%;+2/-1(52.%1-)(-+&))&@%,/-1*(52.%&(%/,6&)42;;&:&.(%+-+*)@%+,?,.,+*(52.%-+3*5.&@%12Q2+]5.?@%&(1H%%%%
c*1&+5*%C+(&*]%&'(%-.&%*''215*4(52.%1-)(-+&))&%72./,&%&.%NWWdH
eQ*;%&'(%-.%;+2I&(%/,3-(,%&.%LMMf%/*.'%)&%1*/+&%/0-.%;)*.%/&%+,*:,.*?&:&.(%-+3*5.%/0&';*1&'%+-+*-F%;,+5;Z,+5V-&'%/&%=5)3*2H%eQ*;%+&;+,'&.(&%d%`MM%: %/&%)21*-F%5./-'(+5&)'%/&'(5.,'%*-%/,6&)2;;&:&.(%,12.2:5V-&%/0*1(565(,'%*+(5'4(5V-&'H%
,-&"$)-'&$+
1'$0!U15!*-."%&VS!1'+2%))$S!,%&"0(-1
"#$6-"'90$!U!.%<%&=')(!601"'/'+.',1')-'&$
%%
B*+(&.*5+&%/0Ag@%D2Q2+])5'32*%%+&?+2-;&%/&;-5'%LMNM%-.&%12:4:-.*-(,%/&%124Q2+]&+'%/&%(2-(%Z2+5h2.%&(%%;+2:&-(%%)&'%5.5(5*4(56&'%/&%I&-.&'%&.(+&;+&.&-+'@%/&%'(*+(4-;&+'@%/&%;&+'2..&'%i?,&'@%/0,(-/5*.('^%&(%)&'%*5/&%/*.'%)&%/,6&)2;;&:&.(%/&%)&-+%*1(565(,H%%%%
_.5(5,%;*+%)&%;+2:2(&-+%&(%5.6&'4(5''&-+%S*5.#5/&@%)&%(5&+'4)5&-F%AgG*1(2+8%*%,(,%1+,,%&.%LMMdH%
C-%'&5.%/0-.%12:;)&F&%5./-'4(+5&)%/&%L\%MMM%:L@%/*.'%-.&%*.15&..&%7*3+5V-&%/&%(&F(5)&%/&'%*..,&'%NfOM@%%LMM%&.(+&;+5'&'%!"&$'-%1-"#,+%!2')3%*'#&'4#5'6%';)-'%/&%\LMM%;&+'2..&'%1Z*V-&%I2-+H%
,-&"$)-'&$+
1'$0!U.-,"0&$!-&"+S!1%)/&$+S!-)(1$"$&&$
"#$6-"'90$!U!$)"&$,&$)$0&'-"!+%.'-1
%%
D*;(-+&%(+*6*5))&%*6&1%-.&%:-)4(5(-/&%/0*1(&-+'@%;&(5(&'%&(%:284&..&'%&.(+&;+5'&'@%*-(2+5(,'%)21*)&'@%'(+-1(-+&'%1-)(-+&))&'@%,(*3)5''&:&.('%'12)*5+&'@%?+2-;&'%12::-.*-(*5+&'%/&%(2-'%i?&'@%&(1H%
C-%(+*6&+'%/&%'&'%;+2I&('@%&))&%/,6&)2;;&%/&'%:,(Z2/&'%1+,*4(56&'%;2-+%?,.,+&+%/&'%5/,&'@%/&%)05..26*(52.%&(%+,'2-/+&%/&'%;+234)9:&'H%%%
%
D*;(-+&%C+(%*./%D+&*(56&%;+2I&1(%&'(%-.&%&.(+&;+5'&%'215*)&%1+,,&%&.%LMMX@%V-5%*?5(%/*.'%)&'%/24:*5.&'%/&%)0,/-1*(52.%&(%/&%)*%72+:*(52.H%
>))&%+&?+2-;&%/&'%;+*(515&.'%/&%)*%;&.',&%1+,*(56&@%/&'%;+27&'4'52..&)'%&F;,+5:&.(,'%/*.'%)*%+&1Z&+1Z&%'215*)&@%)*%72+:*(52.%&(%)&%:*.*?&:&.(%/&%;+2I&('%,/-1*(57'H%
,-&"$)-'&$+
1'$0!U1$<'+#-6!.'"V!.%0).'1S!1%)/&$+S!-)(1$"$&&$
"#$6-"'90$!U!$)"&$,&$)$0&'-"!+%.'-1
%%
j+*./&%=+&(*?.&%&(%+&;+,'&.(&%)0-.%/&'%'&1(&-+'%1+,*(57'%)&'%;)-'%1+25''*.('%/&%)*%1*;5(*)&%*.?)*5'&H%
D0&'(%-.%)5&-%1)&7%V-5%1&.(+*)5'&%/&'%/8.*:5V-&'%+51Z&'%&(%/56&+'4%!'%$'7#8')'86%&$8(+'.%!'98%-!:.8%#5'12::&%6&1(&-+%/&%/,6&)2;;&4:&.(%/&%'2.%(&++5(25+&H%%%%
%
A2./2.%=2+2-?Z%27%A&Q5'Z*:%&'(%-.&%*-(2+5(,%;-3)5V-&@%/2(,&%/0-.&%3&))&%/&.'5(,%&.(+&;+&4.&-+5*)&%&(%/0-.&%(+9'%72+(&%:5F5(,%'215*)&H
D&%V-*+(5&+%/&%A2./+&'%+*''&:43)&%)&%;2-+1&.(*?&%)&%;)-'%,)&6,%/&%(+9'%;&(5(&'%&.(+&;+5'&'%&.%
,-&"$)-'&$+
1'$0!U&%>.!-11'-).$S!,01-S!.&%-"'$
"#$6-"'90$!U!(%03$&)-).$!,-&"-(;$%%
A*%65))&%/&%B-)*%R"kD%C))5*.1&%'&%;*+(*?&.(%*5.'5%)*%?2-6&+.*.1&%/&'%N`%d\W%: %/&%3i(5:&.('H%
R"kD%*11-&5))&%-.&%:-)(5(-/&%/0*1(565(,'%&.%'&'%)5&-F%/2.(%)*%;+2/-1(52.%*+(5'(5V-&%&(%1-)(-+&))&@%/&'%+,'5/&.1&'%/0*+(5'(&'@%/&'%5.5(5*(56&'%,12)2?5V-&'@%&(1H%%%%%%
%
%R"kD%C))5*.1&%&'(%-.%?+2-;&4:&.(%/&%NNM%2+?*.5'*(52.'%/&%)*%'215,(,%1565)&@%l-6+*.(%/*.'%)&'%/2:*5.&'%/&%)*%1-)(-+&%&(%/&%)*%65&%'215*)&%)21*)&H%
;'.)'(&'6%!')&&+%!'<=2'.%!'68>47,+&.(&'%*''215*(52.'%V-5%2141-;*5&.(%)&'%)5&-F%23(5&..&.(%.?)#$"-8!)$8"&'">(*8%..%'6%'.)'38..%2';+2;+5,(*5+&%/&'%)5&-F@%;2-+%'08%5.'(*))&+H%