the philippines (archipelago and it's people)
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The Philippine Archipelago
and it’s People
Geographical Foundations Philippines is an archipelago found in South east Asia.
The country comprises 7,107 islands.
The shape of the country is elongated and has scattered large and small island that form as it figure in the map.
It has five biggest islands: Luzon, Mindanao, Samar, Negros, and Palawan.
The country has irregular coastlines totaling to 17, 468 km.
Archipelagic Principle of the TerritorySection 1 of the Article 1 of the National
Territory states; The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago,
with all the islands and waters embraced therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial and aerial
domains, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves, and other submarine areas.
The waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless of their breadth and
dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the Philippines.
Mountains
and Plains
Mountains and Plains In Luzon, There are three large mountain ranges found:
Sierra Madre
Caraballo del Sur
Caraballo del Baler
Mountains and Plains There are also small ranges found in the Philippines such as: - Zambales Range - Diwata Mountain Range - Tagaytay Range - Central Range And many many more!!
Mountains and Plains The highest mountain peak in the Philippines is Mt. Apo located in Davao del Sur in Mindanao.
It has a high of almost 3,000 meters high which have a high source of Geothermal Energy-(is the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable.)
Mountains and Plains
There are also large and fertile plains that have been sources of staple food, fruits and vegetables
for the entire archipelago
Central Luzon Plain Cagayan Valley Plain
Volcanoes
Volcanoes The Philippines is known for it’s active volcanoes that are scattered through out the archipelago. Some of the
famous active Volcanoes are Mt. Mayon, Taal Volano, Mt. Pinatubo, Mt. Bulusan, and Mt. Kanlaon
Mt. Mayon
Taal Volcano
Mt, Pinatubo
Mt. Bulusan
Mt, kanlaon
Other Land Formations
Burol(hill)
Lambak (Valley)Talampas (Plateu)
Pulo (Island)
Tangway (Peninsula)
Water Forms
Water Forms (Rivers) The largest and longest river systems in the country are found in Luzon and Mindanao.
Some of the famous and large rivers here in our country are the Pampanga River, Agno River, Agusan River and the Abra River
Pampanga River Agno River Agusan River Abra River
Water Forms (Rivers) The Rio Grande Rivers: - Rio Grande de Mindanao: also known as the Mindanao River, is the second largest river system in the Philippines - Rio Grande de Cagayan: is the longest and largest river in the Philippine Archipelago.
Rio Grande de Mindanao
Rio Grande de Cagayan
Water Forms (Lakes) There are also some famous lakes found in the
Philippines. There are the Laguna de Bay, Taal Lake, and the Lake Lanao.
Sinarapan- Smallest commercial fish. (Pandaca pyg Mea)
Water Forms (Seas) The seas, which are important source of fish supply
and other marine resources.
North- Kipot ng Luzon and Celebes sea
East- Philippine Sea, and Pacific Ocean.
West- South China Sea
South- Sulu Sea
Other Water Forms
Golpo (Gulf)
Karagatan (Ocean)
Look (Bay)
Talon (Falls)
Climate
General Resources of the Country
The Soil and it’s Products (Yamang Lupa)
Water Resources (Yamang Tubig)
Mineral Resources (Yamang Mineral)
The Soil and It’s Product The Philippines have six qualification of soils.
Alluvial SandStone and
Shale
Lime Stone
Volcanic Andesite and Basalt
Mountain
Produces agricultural
products such as Abaka,
Coconut, and tabacco
Also good in products
but the harvest is
lower amounts compared to Alluvial
Soil.
Produces agricultural products.
Also best for grazing of animals due to it’s abundance of grass.
This soil are found in
the areas where past eruption of the volcano
accurs.
Generally used for
sugar cane Plantations
A kind of soils where trees are found.
Such as soil in the forest, and
Jungle.
Alluvial Soil
Shale and Sandstone Soil
Limestone Soil
Volcanic Soil
Andesite and basalt Stone
Mountain Soil
Water Resource
Water Resource The Philippines being an archipelago has 150,000,000 hectares of water with 17,460 m. of coastlines.
Because the Philippines has many Water forms, active fishing is one of the source of livelihood for many Filipinos.
There are two kinds of fishing industry in the Philippines: The Genetic and The ExtraActive.
Genetic Industry vs. Extractive IndustryWater Resource
Genetic Industry Extractive Industry Covers Fish reproduction, fish culture and fishponds. This coincides with the
advancement in fish research that is now utilized in fresh, brackish, and salt
water. Such as Tilapia, prawn, milkfish(bangus), eel and
catfish reproduction.
This covers direct fishing in shallow, high seas, and in
coral areas. The fish, shells, and other resource extracted in this
areas, take a long time before natural
replenishment occurs. And in some cases, threats of extinction
brought by illegal fishing.
Mineral Resource
Mineral Resource In terms of Mineral resource, the Philippines is rich in Metallic, non metallic, and fusel minerals.
Mining corporations extract the minerals from various uses in industry, commerce and personal ornaments.
Mineral fuels such as carbon and petroleum are used in fueling industries and transportation in the country.
In Luzon, after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo become a major spot for quarrying. Gravel and sand became too abundant for the use in constructions.
Mineral Resource The following are mined Metallic Mineral , Non-
Metallic Minerals, and Fusel Minerals
Metallic Non- metallic
Fusel
gold Iron Manganese lead Ornaments
Clay Cement pyrite
limestone marbles sulfur
gypsum
Carbon Petroleum
Origins of the Philippine
Archipelago Volcanism
Diastrophism
Gradation
Land bridge
Volcanism The eruption of volcanoes caused by the heat
released in the mantle of the Earth thus creating a movement of molten rocks into Earth’s Crust.
Diastrophism
is the process of movement on the Earth’s crust that resulted in the formations of mountains and
mountain ranges.
Gradation It is the formation of mountains and Volcanoes after which erosion takes place that led to the creation of
rivers, lakes, delta, and other land formations found in the different parts of the country.
Land Bridge It Explains that the Philippines was once
connected to the mainland Asia through bridges of land formed during the Pleistocene or Ice Age
25,000,000 years ago