The Physical Landscape of Britain and Northern

Ireland: Technical Development

Claudio Piccinini and Mike Smith, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Kingston UniversityJanet Hooke and Katherine Hesketh, Department of Geography, University of Liverpool

WEB MAP APPLICATIONFRONT-END

http://www.landscapebritain.org.uk/

GEOMORPHOLOGY

THEMATIC (e.g. the BRITICE project )

SPATIALLY RESTRICTED (e.g. GeoEast)

BROAD-BRUSH(e.g. National Character Areas)

SOURCES

THIS PROJECTprovide the interested professional, researcher and the general public with access to information, data and knowledge on the geomorphology of the British landscape

journal articles

PhD dissertationsbooks

government reports

DATABASE

1 DATABASE

DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION

WHICH DATABASE?SCHEMA

1 DATABASE

- 9 level1 terms- 164 level2 terms- 10 level2 terms have level3 terms

1 DATABASE

1 DATABASE

- 83 level3 terms

SQLServer

1 DATABASE

SPATIAL DATABASES

Oracle Spatial

PostGreSQL/PostGIS

SQLLite

IBM DB2

MySQL

Interoperability

MySQL Vs. PostgreSQL/PostGIS

Spatial functions

General functions

Usability

Upload spatial data to database tables

Visualize and edit spatial data stored in database tables

store, manage and analyse spatial data

full-text search indexes

transactions and foreign keys

stored procedures in different languages

statistical analyses

performance of spatial operations

Administration Popularity

1 DATABASE

Mysql PostgreSQL/PostGISINTEROPERABILITYFree GIS Data and ETL Loaders OGR2OGR, shp2mysql.pl shp2pgsql, OGR2OGR, osm2pgsql, GeoKettle, Spatial Data

Integrator

Commercial GIS Data Loaders FME FME, Manifold, ArcGIS Server ArcSDE

Free Desktop Viewers and Editors GvSIG OpenJump, QuantumGIS, GvSig, uDig

Commercial Desktop Viewers and Editors FME FME, Manifold, free SpatialKit extension for ArcGIS 9.3-10.x, CadCorp, Autocad FDO, MapInfo 10+

Output other than text and binary formats (WKT, WKB) useful for mapping applications

KML, SVG, GML, GEOJSON, GeoHash

SPATIAL FUNCTIONSNumber of spatial functions Limited. Before MySQL 5.0.16, these features are available for

MyISAM tables onlymore than 350

Spatial index R-Tree (only for MyISAM tables) R-Tree index implemented on top of GiST idex

Testing spatial relationships between geometries Before MySQL 5.6.1 tests use the feature bounding rectangle X

Spatial operators that produce geometries (e.g. buffer, difference, intersection, union)

X

Additional Metadata Views geometry_column table, geography_column view

Change reference system to another on the fly X

Edit geometries (add, remove, move points); transform geometries( scale shift, rotate)

X

Linear Referencing functions XSpatial Aggregates XGeodetic support using the geography data type (only WGS 84 long-lat and

output in meters)

3D Support PostGIS2.xRaster support PostGIS2.xNetwork routing using PgRouting

GENERAL FUNCTIONSStatistical analysis and graphs connect to R using the PL/R language

Create stored procedures using different languages X

Full-text-search indexes only for MyISAM tables XForeign keys and transactions only InnoDB tables XQuery optimization It considers only the query and how it could be optimized it considers also the database structure and uses a genetic

algorithm to find the most effective way of executing a query

Triggers are activated by SQL statements only. However they are not activated by cascading updates and deletes even when caused by a SQL statement.

can execute any user-defined function from any of its procedural languages

USABILITYLimits to insert big geometries By default the ‘'max_allowed_packet' parameter is set to 16M for

the mysql client program and 1mb for the server. To insert bigger geometries you will need to increase the parameter value.On shared servers MySQL it may not be possible to increase the value

Performance using spatial functionalities Some tests shows it can be slower than PostGIS

Storage engines 9 different storage engines, the most popular InnoDB and MyISAM. The MyISAM engine is often the only database engine offered by webhosting providers.Both support geospatial types but only MyISAM supports geospatial indexing (see the following 2 tables)You are not restricted to using the same storage engine for an entire schema and can specify the storage engine for any table.

A single storage engine

Asynchronous API for use by client applications X

Popularity X Easy to administer X

SPATIAL TABLES

Location stores the bounding boxes

Place UK gazetteer 1:50,000 about 260,000 point

set "GEOM"=ST_Transform(ST_GeometryFromText('SRID=4277;POINT('|| "LONG" ||' '|| "LAT" || ')'),4326);

Proj4 library : OSGB36 to WGS84

Features Natural reserves, National Trust properties, Sites of special scientific interest ……

1 DATABASE

WHY?To ease the data management

Security

*Administratormanage the database structure

*Data managerAdd/update/delete data using the front-end

*UserQuery the data using the web map application

2. Front-End

REFERENCES LIST

INSERT/UPDATE REFERENCES

INSERT/UPDATE

ABSTRACTS

INSERT/UPDATELEVELS

BOUNDING BOXESIMAGES

{"type": "FeatureCollection","features": [<!--(section name=sec loop=$rs)-->{ "type": "Feature", "properties":{"id":<!--($rs[sec].id|json_encode)--><!--(foreach from=$rs[sec] key=prop item=val)--><!--(if $prop != 'geom' && $prop != 'id')-->,<!--($prop|json_encode)-->:<!--($val|json_encode)--><!--(/if)--><!--(/foreach)-->},"geometry": <!--($rs[sec].geom)-->}<!--(if not $smarty.section.sec.last)-->,<!--(/if)--><!--(/section)-->]}

{ "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ { "type": "Feature", "properties": {"id":"285178" ,"NAME":"The Combe" }, "geometry": {"type":"Point","coordinates":[-2.381338277553394,51.210511371454508]} } ] }

TEMPLATE

GeoJson

if ($n>0){for ($i = 1; $i < $n; $i++) {

$others .=" OR \"NAME\"='".$places[$i]."'"; }}

$sql = "select \"PLACE_ID\" as id, \"NAME\", ST_AsGeoJSON(\"GEOM\") as geom from \"public\".\"PLACE\"where \"NAME\"='".$first."'".$others;

$rsdata = $this->db->Execute($sql)->GetRows();$rs = array();$this->assign('rs', $rsdata);$this->display($data_template);

3. Web Mapping Application

3. Web Mapping Application

QUERY

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

Mobile application

3D Visualizationhttp://www.openwebglobe.org

http://www.sencha.com/products/touch/

The Physical Landscape of Britain and Northern

Ireland: Technical Development

http://www.landscapebritain.org.uk/