the present perfect the past perfect - speechify
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Present Perfect&The Past Perfect
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Review
4-1 Past participle
4-2 Forms of the present perfect
4-3 Meanings of the present perfect
4-4 Simple past vs. present perfect
4-5 Using since and for
4-6 Present perfect progressive
4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfect
4-8 Using already, yet, still, and anymore
4-9 Past perfect
Content
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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max.
Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her
grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____ very good care her dog.
He __ a great dog.
Review and Preview
PRESENT AND PAST VERBS love
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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max.
Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her
grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____ very good care her dog.
He __ a great dog.
loves
Review and Preview
PRESENT AND PAST VERBS be
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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max.
Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her
grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____ very good care her dog.
He __ a great dog.
loves
Review and Preview
PRESENT AND PAST VERBS give
is
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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max.
Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her
grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____ very good care her dog.
He __ a great dog.
loves
Review and Preview
PRESENT AND PAST VERBS find
gave
is
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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max.
Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her
grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____ very good care her dog.
He __ a great dog.
loves
Review and Preview
PRESENT AND PAST VERBS take
gave
found
is
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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max.
Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her
grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____ very good care her dog.
He __ a great dog.
loves
be
Review and Preview
PRESENT AND PAST VERBS
gave
found
takes
is
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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max.
Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her
grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____ very good care her dog.
He __ a great dog.
loves
Review and Preview
PRESENT AND PAST VERBS
gave
found
takes
is
is
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
She has forgotten his name.
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
REGULAR
VERBS
IRREGULAR
VERBS
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
finish
stop
wait
see
make
put
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
REGULAR
VERBS
IRREGULAR
VERBS
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
finish
stop
wait
see
make
put
finished
stopped
waited
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
REGULAR
VERBS
IRREGULAR
VERBS
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
finish
stop
wait
see
make
put
finished
stopped
waited
finished
stopped
waited
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
REGULAR
VERBS
IRREGULAR
VERBS
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
finish
stop
wait
see
make
put
finished
stopped
waited
saw
made
put
finished
stopped
waited
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
REGULAR
VERBS
IRREGULAR
VERBS
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
finish
stop
wait
see
make
put
finished
stopped
waited
saw
made
put
finished
stopped
waited
seen
made
put
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
REGULAR
VERBS
IRREGULAR
VERBS
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
finish
stop
wait
see
make
put
finished
stopped
waited
saw
made
put
finished
stopped
waited
seen
made
put
past perfect tense
present perfect tense
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4-1 LET’S PRACTICE
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
stop
go
take
write
stopped
went
took
wrote
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4-1 LET’S PRACTICE
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
stop
go
take
write
stopped
went
took
wrote
stopped
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4-1 LET’S PRACTICE
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
stop
go
take
write
stopped
went
took
wrote
stoppedgone
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4-1 LET’S PRACTICE
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
stop
go
take
write
stopped
went
took
wrote
stoppedgone
taken
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4-1 LET’S PRACTICE
SIMPLE
FORM
SIMPLE
PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
stop
go
take
write
stopped
went
took
wrote
stoppedgone
taken
written
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
He has finished all his work.
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) I have worked very hard this year.
(b) The students have worked hard.
(c) Alex has worked very hard.
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) I have worked very hard this year.
(b) The students have worked hard.
(c) Alex has worked very hard.
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) I have worked very hard this year.
(b) The students have worked hard.
(c) Alex has worked very hard.
STATEMENT: have/has + past participle
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
CONTRACTION : pronoun + have = ’ve
pronoun + has =k’s
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I’ve/You’ve/We’ve/They’ve gone home.
(e) She’s/He’s gone home.
(f) It’s been hot all week.
CONTRACTION : pronoun + have = ’ve
pronoun + has =k’s
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I’ve/You’ve/We’ve/They’ve gone home.
(e) She’s/He’s gone home.
(f) It’s been hot all week.
CONTRACTION : pronoun + have = ’ve
pronoun + has =k’s
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I’ve/You’ve/We’ve/They’ve gone home.
(e) She’s/He’s gone home.
(f) It’s been hot all week.
CONTRACTION : pronoun + have = ’ve
pronoun + has =k’s
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(g) I have not gone home yet.
(h) Fatima has not gone home.
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NEGATIVE: have/has + not + past participle
4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(g) I have not gone home yet.
(h) Fatima has not gone home.
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NEGATIVE: have/has + not + past participle
NEGATIVE CONTRACTION:
have + not = haven’t
has + not = hasn’t
4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(g) I haven’t gone home yet.
(h) Fatima hasn’t gone home.
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(i) Have you read
the report?
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(j) Has Marcy gone home?
(k) How long have you worked there?
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(j) Has Marcy gone home?
(k) How long have you worked there?
QUESTION :
have/has + subject + past participle
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(l)
Have you read all
of this article?
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(l)
Have you read all
of this article?
No, I haven’t. I
have only read a
few pages.
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(l)
SHORT ANSWER:
have/haven’t
Have you read all
of this article?
No, I haven’t. I
have only read a
few pages.
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(m)Has Kyung
finished her
homework?
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(m)Yes, she has. She
did it after school.
Has Kyung
finished her
homework?
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4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(m)
SHORT ANSWER:
has/hasn’t
Yes, she has. She
did it after school.
Has Kyung
finished her
homework?
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___________________ a snake?
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT you
touch
ever
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___________________ a snake?
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
Have you ever touched
you
touch
ever
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________________
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT touch
never
No,
a snake.
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________________
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
I’ve never touched
touch
never
No,
a snake.
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_________________ a shark?
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
Justin
see
ever
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_________________ a shark?
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
Has Justin ever seen
Justin
see
ever
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Yes, he ___. He saw one near Cape Town,
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
South Africa.
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Yes, he ___. He saw one near Cape Town,
4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
has
South Africa.
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
Tyler has taken his first steps.
Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
MEANING #1: SOMETHING HAPPENED
BEFORE NOW AT AN UNSPECIFIED TIME
PRESENT PERFECT
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
(b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
(c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
(b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
(c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
(b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
(c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
occurred before now or
sometime in the past
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
(b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
(c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
(b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
(c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
no
w
X
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
(b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
(c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
no
w
before now
X
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(a) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
(b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
(c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
no
w
tim
e?
X
before now
X
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) Mary has painted portraits many times.
(e) Her students have painted portraits twice.
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) Mary has painted portraits many times.
(e) Her students have painted portraits twice.
activity repeated
before now, unspecified past times
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
MEANING #1
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4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) Mary has painted portraits many times.
(e) Her students have painted portraits twice.
MEANING #1
![Page 69: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) Mary has painted portraits many times.
(e) Her students have painted portraits twice.
no
w
X
MEANING #1
![Page 70: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(d) Mary has painted portraits many times.
(e) Her students have painted portraits twice.
no
w
X
before now
XXX
MEANING #1
![Page 71: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
MEANING #2: A SITUATION BEGAN
IN THE PAST AND CONTINUES TO THE
PRESENT.
![Page 72: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
MEANING #2
![Page 73: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(f) We’ve been working since 8 o’clock.
(g) I have played the violin for six years.
I learned to play six years ago, and I still
play it.
MEANING #2
![Page 74: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
(f) We’ve been working since 8 o’clock.
(g) I have played the violin for six years.
I learned to play six years ago, and I still
play it.
present perfect +since
for
past present
MEANING #2
![Page 75: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
MEANING #2:
xx
x
8:0
0 no
w
(f) We’ve been working since 8 o’clock.
![Page 76: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
MEANING #1: Something happened before
now at an unspecified time.
MEANING #2: A situation began in the
past and continues to the present.
Kyung has already taken the test.
OR ?
![Page 77: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
MEANING #1: Something happened before
now at an unspecified time.
MEANING #2: A situation began in the
past and continues to the present.
Kyung has already taken the test.
![Page 78: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
MEANING #1: Something happened
before now at an unspecified time
MEANING #2: A situation began in the
past and continues to the present
I’ve been studying since 8 AM.
OR ?
![Page 79: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
MEANING #1: Something happened
before now at an unspecified time
MEANING #2: A situation began in the
past and continues to the present
I’ve been studying since 8 AM.
![Page 80: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
MEANING #1: Something happened
before now at an unspecified time
MEANING #2: A situation began in the
past and continues to the present
Rosa has been to Italy three times.
OR ?
![Page 81: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
MEANING #1: Something happened
before now at an unspecified time
MEANING #2: A situation began in the
past and continues to the present
Rosa has been to Italy three times.
![Page 82: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
I had an angel fish when I was a child.
I have had many otherfish since then.
![Page 83: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(a) They completed the game at 4:00.
![Page 84: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(a) They completed the game at 4:00.
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) They have already completed the game.
![Page 85: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(a) They completed the game at 4:00.
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) They have already completed the game.
specific time
unspecified time
![Page 86: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old.
![Page 87: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old.
PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I have been in Nigeria three times.
![Page 88: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old.
PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I have been in Nigeria three times.
specific time
unspecified time
![Page 89: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
![Page 90: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
PRESENT PERFECT
(f) Eli has been camping for 9 days.
![Page 91: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
PRESENT PERFECT
(f) Eli has been camping since last Monday.
![Page 92: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
PRESENT PERFECT
(f) Eli has been camping since last Monday.
for activity began & ended in past
![Page 93: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
PRESENT PERFECT
(f) Eli has been camping since last Monday.
for activity began & ended in past
for / since activity began & continues
![Page 94: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?We have been in Tokyo
many times.
OR
![Page 95: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME
We have been in Tokyo
many times.
OR
UNSPECIFIEDPRESENT
PERFECT
![Page 96: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?Barry has never been to Tokyo.
OR
![Page 97: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME
Barry has never been to Tokyo.
OR
UNSPECIFIEDPRESENT
PERFECT
![Page 98: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?Gina went to Tokyo
last month.
OR
![Page 99: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME
Gina went to Tokyo
last month.
OR
SPECIFIED SIMPLE PAST
![Page 100: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
I have been here since 6:00 AM.
![Page 101: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
![Page 102: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
![Page 103: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
![Page 104: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
![Page 105: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
![Page 106: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
![Page 107: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
![Page 108: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(a) I have worked here
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
since 2006.
since May 9, 2007.
since yesterday.
since last week.
Since Specific point in time
![Page 109: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
![Page 110: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(c) INCORRECT: I am studying English since 2007.
![Page 111: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(c) INCORRECT: I am studying English since 2007.
present perfect + since
![Page 112: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(c) INCORRECT: I am studying English since 2007.
present perfect + since
present progressive NOT used
![Page 113: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
![Page 114: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(d) INCORRECT: I study English since 2007.
![Page 115: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(d) INCORRECT: I study English since 2007.
present perfect + since
![Page 116: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(d) INCORRECT: I study English since 2007.
present perfect + since
simple present NOT used
![Page 117: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(e) INCORRECT: I studied English since 2007.
present perfect + since
![Page 118: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(e) INCORRECT: I studied English since 2007.
present perfect + since
simple past NOT used
![Page 119: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007.
CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007.
(e) INCORRECT: I studied English since 2007.
present perfect + since
simple past NOT used
INCORRECT: I was study English since 2007.
![Page 120: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(f) I have known her since I was fifteen.
MAIN CLAUSE
(present perfect)
SINCE-CLAUSE
(simple past)
![Page 121: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(f) I have known her since I was fifteen.
MAIN CLAUSE
(present perfect)
SINCE-CLAUSE
(simple past)
(g) Jim has played many sports since he tried soccer.
![Page 122: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(f) I have known her since I was fifteen.
MAIN CLAUSE
(present perfect)
SINCE-CLAUSE
(simple past)
(g) Jim has played many sports since he tried soccer.
Since time clause
![Page 123: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
![Page 124: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
![Page 125: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
![Page 126: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
![Page 127: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
![Page 128: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
![Page 129: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
![Page 130: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(h) I have worked here
for fifty minutes.
for five hours.
for ten days.
for about six weeks.
for almost two months.
for many years.
for a long time.
For length of time
![Page 131: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(i) I have worked here for twelve years.
I got a job here twelve years ago, and I still have it.
![Page 132: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(i) I have worked here for twelve years.
I got a job here twelve years ago, and I still have it.
(j) I played sports for fifteen years. I am too busy now.
![Page 133: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(i) I have worked here for twelve years.
I got a job here twelve years ago, and I still have it.
(j) I played sports for fifteen years. I am too busy now.
present perfect + for + length of time
![Page 134: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(i) I have worked here for twelve years.
I got a job here twelve years ago, and I still have it.
(j) I played sports for fifteen years. I am too busy now.
present perfect + for + length of time
past present
![Page 135: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(i) I have worked here for twelve years.
I got a job here twelve years ago, and I still have it.
(j) I played sports for fifteen years. I am too busy now.
present perfect + for + length of time
past present
simple past
![Page 136: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
(i) I have worked here for twelve years.
I got a job here twelve years ago, and I still have it.
(j) I played sports for fifteen years. I am too busy now.
present perfect + for + length of time
past present
simple past
past present
![Page 137: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Mary has been playing the piano
since ___________.
3 hours
she was six
![Page 138: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Mary has been playing the piano
since ___________.
3 hours
she was six
she was six
![Page 139: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Mary has been playing the piano
since ___________.
3 hours
she was six
she was six
Mary has been playing the piano
for ___________.
![Page 140: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Mary has been playing the piano
since ___________.
3 hours
she was six
she was six
Mary has been playing the piano
for ___________. three hours
![Page 141: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Alejandro has studied English
since ________________.
he started school
15 years
![Page 142: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Alejandro has studied English
since ________________.
he started school
15 years
he started school
![Page 143: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Alejandro has studied English
since ________________.
he started school
15 years
he started school
Alejandro has studied English
for __________________.
![Page 144: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
Alejandro has studied English
since ________________.
he started school
15 years
he started school
Alejandro has studied English
for __________________. fifteen years
![Page 145: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
I have driven a taxi _____ 2006.
for
since
![Page 146: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
I have driven a taxi _____ 2006.
for
since
since
![Page 147: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
I have driven a taxi _____ 2006.
for
since
since
My uncle has driven a taxi ____ thirty years.
![Page 148: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
I have driven a taxi _____ 2006.
for
since
since
My uncle has driven a taxi ____ thirty years.for
![Page 149: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Dee has been workingfor ten hours.
![Page 150: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(a) Dee has been working since
6 o’clock.
(b) She has been working for
ten hours.
![Page 151: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(a) Dee has been working since
6 o’clock.
(b) She has been working for
ten hours.
STATEMENT:
have/has + been + -ing
![Page 152: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(c) How long has she been working?
![Page 153: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(c) How long has she been working?
QUESTION FORM:
have/has + subject + been + -ing
![Page 154: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(d) Mary is playing the piano right now.
![Page 155: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(d) Mary is playing the piano right now.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
in progress right now
duration of time not mentioned
![Page 156: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(d) Mary is playing the piano right now.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
in progress right now
duration of time not mentioned
Mary has been playing the piano right now.
![Page 157: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(e) Mary has been playing since noon.
![Page 158: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(e) Mary has been playing since noon.
(f) Mary has been playing for an hour.
![Page 159: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(e) Mary has been playing since noon.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
began in past
in progress right now
time expressed
(f) Mary has been playing for an hour.
![Page 160: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(e) Mary has been playing since noon.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
began in past
in progress right now
time expressed
Mary is playing the piano since noon.
(f) Mary has been playing for an hour.
![Page 161: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(g) CORRECT: It belongs to Amy.
![Page 162: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(g) CORRECT: It belongs to Amy.
(h) INCORRECT: It is belonging to Amy.
![Page 163: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(g) CORRECT: It belongs to Amy.
(h) INCORRECT: It is belonging to Amy.
(i) CORRECT: She has owned it
for one month.
![Page 164: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(g) CORRECT: It belongs to Amy.
(h) INCORRECT: It is belonging to Amy.
(i) CORRECT: She has owned it
for one month.
(j) INCORRECT: She has been owning
it for one month.
![Page 165: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(g) CORRECT: It belongs to Amy.
(h) INCORRECT: It is belonging to Amy.
(i) CORRECT: She has owned it
for one month.
(j) INCORRECT: She has been owning
it for one month.
non-action verbs progressive tenses
![Page 166: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
My sister _________ the phone.
usePRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
![Page 167: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
My sister _________ the phone.
use
is using
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
![Page 168: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
My sister _________ the phone.
use
is using
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
She _____________ it for three
hours. I need to make a call.
![Page 169: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
My sister _________ the phone.
use
is using
has been using
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
She _____________ it for three
hours. I need to make a call.
![Page 170: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
dance
![Page 171: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/171.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
dance
are dancing
![Page 172: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/172.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Her parents __________.
They ________________
together for over thirty years.
dance
are dancing
![Page 173: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Her parents __________.
They ________________
together for over thirty years.
dance
are dancing
have been dancing
![Page 174: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
go
![Page 175: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/175.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
go
going
![Page 176: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/176.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Where are you _______for
the summer holiday?
I am ______ to the beach.
I ______________ to the beach
go
going
![Page 177: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Where are you _______for
the summer holiday?
I am ______ to the beach.
I ______________ to the beach
go
going
going
![Page 178: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/178.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Where are you _______for
the summer holiday?
I am ______ to the beach.
I ______________ to the beach
go
going
going
every summer since I was a child.
![Page 179: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/179.jpg)
4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Where are you _______for
the summer holiday?
I am ______ to the beach.
I ______________ to the beach
go
going
going
have been going
every summer since I was a child.
![Page 180: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/180.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
These guys are hiking.They have been hiking for several days.
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4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(a) My cousin is hiking with his friends.
They have been hiking for several days.
![Page 182: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/182.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(a) My cousin is hiking with his friends.
They have been hiking for several days.
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) My cousin has hiked many mountains.
![Page 183: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/183.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(a) My cousin is hiking with his friends.
They have been hiking for several days.
repeated activities
unspecified times in the past
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) My cousin has hiked many mountains.
duration of present activities,
action verbs
![Page 184: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/184.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
(c) INCORRECT: My cousin has been hiking
many mountains.
(b) My cousin has hiked many mountains.
![Page 185: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/185.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
(d) The guys have known each other for
ten years.
![Page 186: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/186.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
(e) INCORRECT: The guys have been knowing
each other for ten years.
(d) The guys have known each other for
ten years.
![Page 187: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/187.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
(e) INCORRECT: The guys have been knowing
each other for ten years.
(d) The guys have known each other for
ten years.
duration of present activities,
non-action verbs
![Page 188: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/188.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
![Page 189: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/189.jpg)
(f) I have been studying medicine for one year.
OR
(g) I have studied medicine for one year.
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
![Page 190: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/190.jpg)
(f) I have been studying medicine for one year.
OR
(g) I have studied medicine for one year.
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
same meaning
![Page 191: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/191.jpg)
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
![Page 192: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/192.jpg)
(h) Rolf has been running every day since he
was a child.
OR
Rolf has run every day since he was a child.
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
![Page 193: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/193.jpg)
(h) Rolf has been running every day since he
was a child.
OR
Rolf has run every day since he was a child.
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
usual, habitual activities
either tense okay
![Page 194: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/194.jpg)
(i) I’ve been studying Spanish ever since I
visited Mexico.
OR
I’ve studied Spanish ever since I visited
Mexico.
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
usual, habitual activities
either tense okay
![Page 195: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/195.jpg)
(i) I’ve been studying Spanish ever since I
visited Mexico.
OR
I’ve studied Spanish ever since I visited
Mexico.
4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
usual, habitual activities
either tense okay
![Page 196: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/196.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
How long ___ your family ______ here?
We __________ here for ten years.
live
![Page 197: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/197.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
How long ___ your family ______ here?
We __________ here for ten years.
live
has
![Page 198: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/198.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
How long ___ your family ______ here?
We __________ here for ten years.
live
livedhas
![Page 199: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/199.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
How long ___ your family ______ here?
We __________ here for ten years.
live
lived
have lived
has
![Page 200: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/200.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
How long ___ your family _________ here?
We _____________ here for ten years.
live
![Page 201: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/201.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
How long ___ your family _________ here?
We _____________ here for ten years.
live
has
![Page 202: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/202.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
How long ___ your family _________ here?
We _____________ here for ten years.
live
been livinghas
![Page 203: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/203.jpg)
4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
How long ___ your family _________ here?
We _____________ here for ten years.
live
been living
have been living
has
![Page 204: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/204.jpg)
4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
I already fed the dog.
![Page 205: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/205.jpg)
4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ALREADY
(a) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago.
I already fed the dog.
![Page 206: The Present Perfect The Past Perfect - Speechify](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012102/6169fee211a7b741a34da9e9/html5/thumbnails/206.jpg)
4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ALREADY
(a) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago.
I already fed the dog.
happened before now
Position: midsentence
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
YET
(b) I usually feed the dog, but I haven’t
fed him yet.
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
YET
(b) I usually feed the dog, but I haven’t
fed him yet.
did not happen before now
Position: end of sentence
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
STILL
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(c) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago. He is
still hungry. He still wants to eat.
(d) I liked classical movies when I was
in college. I still like them.
(e) It hasn’t rained all week. It still isn’t
raining.
4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
STILL
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(c) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago. He is
still hungry. He still wants to eat.
(d) I liked classical movies when I was
in college. I still like them.
(e) It hasn’t rained all week. It still isn’t
raining.
4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
STILL
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(c) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago. He is
still hungry. He still wants to eat.
(d) I liked classical movies when I was
in college. I still like them.
(e) It hasn’t rained all week. It still isn’t
raining.
4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
STILL
situation continues to exist
Position: midsentence
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(c) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago. He is
still hungry. He still wants to eat.
(d) I liked classical movies when I was
in college. I still like them.
(e) It hasn’t rained all week. It still isn’t
raining.
4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
STILL
situation continues to exist
Position: midsentence
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ANYMORE
(f) I used to be a teacher, but I retired.
I don’t work anymore.
does not continue
Position: end of sentence
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ANYMORE
(f) I used to be a teacher, but I retired.
I don’t work anymore.
does not continue
Position: end of sentence
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ALREADY
(a) I already fed the dog.
affirmative
sentences
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ALREADY
(a) I already fed the dog.
affirmative
sentences
YET(b) I haven’t fed him yet.
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ALREADY
(a) I already fed the dog.
affirmative
sentences
YET(b) I haven’t fed him yet. negative
sentencesANYMORE(f) I don’t work anymore.
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4-8 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, AND ANYMORE
ALREADY
(a) I already fed the dog.
affirmative
sentences
YET(b) I haven’t fed him yet. negative
sentencesANYMORE(f) I don’t work anymore.
(c) He is still hungry.
(e) It still isn’t raining.
STILL affirmative
or negative
sentences
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4-8 LET’S PRACTICE
already
yet
still
anymore
She doesn’t have any money.
She _______ spent it all.
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4-8 LET’S PRACTICE
already
yet
still
anymore
She doesn’t have any money.
She _______ spent it all.already
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4-8 LET’S PRACTICE
already
yet
still
anymore
I did some homework, but I
______ have more to do.
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4-8 LET’S PRACTICE
already
yet
still
anymore
I did some homework, but I
______ have more to do.still
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4-8 LET’S PRACTICE
already
yet
still
anymore
We used to be friends, but we had an argument.
We don’t like each other ________.
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4-8 LET’S PRACTICE
already
yet
still
anymore
We used to be friends, but we had an argument.
We don’t like each other ________.anymore
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
When they arrived at the store, it had already closed.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(a) When they arrived at the store, it had
already closed.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(a) When they arrived at the store, it had
already closed.
two events in the past
1st event - Past Perfect
2nd event – Simple Past
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(b) The store had already closed when
they arrived.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(b) The store had already closed when
they arrived.
FORM: had + past participle
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(c) It’d closed.
She’d gone home.
He’d gone home.
They’d gone home.
We’d gone home.
You’d gone home.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(c) It’d closed.
She’d gone home.
He’d gone home.
They’d gone home.
We’d gone home.
You’d gone home.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(c) It’d closed.
She’d gone home.
He’d gone home.
They’d gone home.
We’d gone home.
You’d gone home.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(c) It’d closed.
She’d gone home.
He’d gone home.
They’d gone home.
We’d gone home.
You’d gone home.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(c) It’d closed.
She’d gone home.
He’d gone home.
They’d gone home.
We’d gone home.
You’d gone home.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
(c) It’d closed.
She’d gone home.
He’d gone home.
They’d gone home.
We’d gone home.
You’d gone home.
CONTRACTION:
I / you / she / he / it / we / they + ’d
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
XXbefo
renow
now
(d) I’m not cooking now.
I’ve already ordered
pizza.
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
XXbefo
renow
now
(d) I’m not cooking now.
I’ve already ordered
pizza.
occurred before now,
at an unspecified time
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
XX XXbefo
renow
now
(d) I’m not cooking now.
I’ve already ordered
pizza.
befo
renoon
noon
(e) I was not cooking at noon.
I had already ordered
pizza.
occurred before now,
at an unspecified time
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
XX XXbefo
renow
now
(d) I’m not cooking now.
I’ve already ordered
pizza.
befo
renoon
noon
(e) I was not cooking at noon.
I had already ordered
pizza.
occurred before now,
at an unspecified time
occurred before another
time in the past
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PAST PROGRESSIVE
(f) I was waiting when
the pizza arrived.
piz
za
arr
ive
d
began
waitin
gXX
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PAST PROGRESSIVE
(f) I was waiting when
the pizza arrived.
in progress at a particular
time in the past
piz
za
arr
ive
d
began
waitin
gXX
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PAST PROGRESSIVE PAST PERFECT
XX
(f) I was waiting when
the pizza arrived.
piz
za
arr
ived
(g) The pizza had arrived
when he came home.
in progress at a particular
time in the past
piz
za
arr
ive
d
began
waitin
gXX
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
PAST PROGRESSIVE PAST PERFECT
XX
(f) I was waiting when
the pizza arrived.
piz
za
arr
ived
(g) The pizza had arrived
when he came home.
in progress at a particular
time in the past
completed before a
particular time in the past
he c
am
eh
om
e
piz
za
arr
ive
d
began
waitin
gXX
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2nd
I had already gone to bed
when it started snowing.
a. it started snowing ____
b. I went to bed ____
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2nd
I had already gone to bed
when it started snowing.
a. it started snowing ____
b. I went to bed ____
2nd
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2nd
I had already gone to bed
when it started snowing.
a. it started snowing ____
b. I went to bed ____1st
2nd
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2ndI tried to go shopping, but the
store had closed.
a. store closed ____
b. tried to go shopping ____
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2ndI tried to go shopping, but the
store had closed.
a. store closed ____
b. tried to go shopping ____
1st
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2ndI tried to go shopping, but the
store had closed.
a. store closed ____
b. tried to go shopping ____
1st
2nd
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2nd
A friend called to suggest a good movie.
She had seen it last Friday.
a. the friend saw the movie ____
b. the friend called ____
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2nd
A friend called to suggest a good movie.
She had seen it last Friday.
a. the friend saw the movie ____
b. the friend called ____
1st
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4-9 PAST PERFECT
1st
2nd
A friend called to suggest a good movie.
She had seen it last Friday.
a. the friend saw the movie ____
b. the friend called ____
1st
2nd
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