THE PROGRESSIVE ERA

To Regulate or not to Regulate? That is the question…

I. Pressures for ReformA. Conservative View:

B. Progressive View

C. Do you feel it is constitutional to place restrictions on minimum wage, hours worked (over forty hours per week is overtime), and other regulations?

D. _____________ and ______________labor were on the rise. Is there a problem with this?

E. The rich were becoming richer and fewer in number while the ___________ were becoming ________________ as their numbers __________________

Laisez Faire…Government Hands off…there should be no regulation

For the welfare of the people…there should be Government Regulation

Women Child

poorpoorer increased

II. _____________________ - tended to be middle class reformers who scraped up the ____________ on dirty politics and business. They used _________________, magazine ________________, and ______________ to spread their word.

A. Lincoln Steffens wrote “ _______________ of the _________________” and exposed true political corruption in St. Louis. He Blamed the citizens of the cities and not politicians or big business. Why?

B. Ida Tarbell wrote articles for ________________ Magazine and wrote the History of the __________________ _____________ Company to bring down _____________________

C. Frank Norris wrote The Octopus which discussed the fight between farmers and the monopolistic, unfair business practices of the ____________________.

D. ____________________ ____________________ wrote The Jungle which exposed the dreadful conditions of the _____________ _______________ industry.

1. This led to the Meat Inspection Act and the ____________ ___________ and _______________ administration2. Upton Sinclair said he was aiming for peoples hearts (trying to spread ____________________), but he hit their __________________

MuckrakersMuck Newspapers

articles books

Shame Cities

McClure’sStandard Oil

Rockefeller

Railroads

Upton SinclairMeat Packing

Pure FoodDrug

Socialism Stomachs

E. Thomas Nast drew political _____________________ to bring down Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall, a corrupt political machine in New York City.

F. Jacob Riis wrote a book called “________ ________ ______________ __ ___________ __________.” This book wrote about and included pictures of the slum conditions in the _____________.

G. _____________ _______________ created _______________ ______________ to help poor immigrants. It acted as a:

***Jane Addams became an expert on poor conditions in the cities and managed to get laws that abolished ______________ labor. She felt this would help cities. Why?

Cartoons

How The Other Half Lives

cities

Jane Addams Hull House

Child

Kids in school could improve society and help stop gang related crimes

Settlement House, Day Care Center, Library, Abused Women Center, etc

H. African Americans also fought for reform: This is one group the Progressives did not fight for…they had to fight for themselves in the late 1800’s…Both of the following men wanted African American civil rights, they just had very different ways of achieving their goals:

1. Booker T. Washington W.E.B. DuBois

Background:

Thoughts on how to gain equal rights:

Greatest Accomplishment:

2. Marcus Garvy created a back to _________________ movement. He actually fought against ________________. (Start of ____________ Renaissance.

Born a slave in the South.

Born in Boston and Will become the fristBlack graduate of Harvard.

Take what Whites Will give you. TakeBasic jobs and build anEconomic foundation

Go to college and gain Political positions. DemandImmediate change. DemandEqual rights now

Founded the Tuskegee Institute, A trade school

Founded the NAACP, in order To help African Americans getTo college

AfricaIntegration Harlem

III. Progressivism

A. Municipal (____________) Reforms

1. The fight at this very local level was against political machines and their bosses. A prime example of this was __________ __________ and ________________ Hall2. Many Progressive Mayors one elections and attempted to push through reform that created efficient government services.

B. State Level Reforms

1. Initiative:

2. Referendum:

3. Recall:

4. Australian Ballot – This allowed for ________________ ballot and hurt the attempts of political machines to control elections.

City Level

Boss TweedTammany

Citizens create laws by signing a petition

Citizens pass laws by voting on them…SchoolBudgets are like a referendum. Some InitiativesBecome Referendums

Citizens sign a petition to create an election where they canVote out “bad” politicians.

A Private

All these Reforms Placed Citizens inCharge of government

C. “Teddy” Roosevelt, The Square Deal, and Federal Reform

1. T.R. wanted to give every man a Square Deal. This means that he wanted to help the _______________class.

2. T.R. was best known for being a _____________ Buster. He hated unfair business practices and managed to bring down people like ________________.

3. T.R. was also known for being a ___________________. He set aside 190 million acres for 149 _________________ __________________

4. 16th Amendment:

5. 17th Amendment:

6. 18th Amendment:

7. 19th Amendment:

Lower / Middle

Trust

Rockefeller

ConservationistNational Parks (Yellow Stone)

Income Tax

Direct election of Senators

Prohibition (only Amendment to be overturned by another Amendment)

Women’s Suffrage (right to vote)

D. End of T.R.’s policies

1. Taft was not as pushy or energetic as T.R. Many people accused him of backing _________ ______________. After Taft fired Gifford Pinchot, T.R.’s right hand man in Forest Conservation, T.R. ran for re- election under the __________ ____________ Party (Progressive Party).

2. Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote leaving the door wide open for ___________________ ___________________

3. Wilson was very Progressive himself.a. Lowered ______________

b. Passed the Clayton Anti Trust Act:

c. Passed the Federal Trade Commission:

d. Passed the Federal Reserve Act:

e. Pushed for the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th Amendments4. Woodrow Wilson ends up fighting World War I and ends up over regulateing.

businesses and people get sick of it…wanting it to end. The 3 Presidents that followed Wilson will return America back to a ___________________ _____________________ economy

Regulates the money supply

Regulated Railroads beyond ICC

Made it easier to bust trusts

Laissez Faire

Tariffs – brought in cheaper foreign products forcing domestic prices down

Woodrow Wilson

Bull Moose

Big Business