the project gutenberg ebook of ten books on architecture (1)

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7/17/2019 The Project Gutenberg eBook of Ten Books on Architecture (1) http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-project-gutenberg-ebook-of-ten-books-on-architecture-1 1/14 The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ten Books on Architecture, by Vitruvius This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever !ou may co"y it, give it away or re#use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg $icense included with this eBook or online at wwwgutenbergorg Title% Ten Books on Architecture Author% Vitruvius &elease 'ate% 'ecember (), *++ -EBook .*+*(/0 $anguage% English 1haracter set encoding% 234#556/#) 777 3TA&T 48 T923 P&4:E1T G;TE<BE&G EB44= TE< B44=3 4< A&192TE1T;&E 777 Produced by 1huck Greif, >elissa Er#&a?abi, Ted Garvin and the 4nline 'istributed Proofreading Team at htt"%@@www"gd"net VITRUVIUS THE TEN BOOKS ON ARCHITECTURE TRANSLATED BY MORRIS HICKY MORGAN, PH.D., LL.D. LATE PROFESSOR OF CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY WITH ILLUSTRATIONS AND ORIGINAL DESIGNS PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF HERBERT LANGFORD WARREN, A.M. NELSON ROBINSON JR. PROFESSOR OF ARCHITECTURE IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE

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Page 1: The Project Gutenberg eBook of Ten Books on Architecture (1)

7/17/2019 The Project Gutenberg eBook of Ten Books on Architecture (1)

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ten Books on Architecture, by Vitruvius

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and withalmost no restrictions whatsoever !ou may co"y it, give it away orre#use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg $icense includedwith this eBook or online at www gutenberg org

Title% Ten Books on Architecture

Author% Vitruvius

&elease 'ate% 'ecember (), *++ -EBook .*+*(/0

$anguage% English

1haracter set encoding% 234#556/#)

777 3TA&T 48 T923 P&4:E1T G;TE<BE&G EB44= TE< B44=3 4< A&192TE1T;&E 777

Produced by 1huck Greif, >elissa Er#&a?abi, Ted Garvin andthe 4nline 'istributed Proofreading Team athtt"%@@www "gd" net

VITRUVIUS

THE TEN BOOKS ON ARCHITECTURE

TRANSLATED BYMORRIS HICKY MORGAN, PH.D., LL.D.LATE PROFESSOR OF CLASSICAL PHILOLOGYIN HARVARD UNIVERSITY

WITH ILLUSTRATIONS AND ORIGINAL DESIGNSPREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF

HERBERT LANGFORD WARREN, A.M.

NELSON ROBINSON JR. PROFESSOR OF ARCHITECTURE

IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY

CAMBRIDGE

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HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS

LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORDOXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS1914

COPYRIGHT, HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS

CONTENTS

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

INDEX

PREFACE

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P'!* #)((+ I )0 # '! %&' $!')%'*% 5("$)%" #* % P! -'** ! H. L. W)!!'#, 3& &)* -!''(+ $"/'# 5 %&)**"*%)# ' )# !"%" "*07 % P! -'** ! G. L. K"%%!' $', 3& &)* !') 3"%& 0' 0 *% - %&' 2! -7 % %&'S+# " * - %&' H)!/)! U#"/'!*"%+ P!'**, 3& &)/' 0) ' 2 **"5(' %&' 2 5(" )%" # - %&' 3 !67 )# %%&' 0'05'!* - %&' V"*"%"#$ C 00"%%'' - %&' D'2)!%0'#% - %&' C()**" * )# %&' ()**0)%'* -P! -'** ! M !$)#, 3& &)/' $'#'! *(+ * 22("' %&' #' '**)!+ - # * - ! %&' "(( *%!)%" #*.

ALBERT A. HOWARD.

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CONTENTS

BOOK I

P!'-) ' >T&' E )%" # - %&' A! &"%' % @T&' F # )0'#%)( P!"# "2('* - A! &"%' % !' 1>T&' D'2)!%0'#%* - A! &"%' % !' 1T&' S"%' - ) C"%+ 1T&' C"%+ W)((* ?1T&' D"!' %" #* - %&' S%!''%*7 3"%& R'0)!6* # %&' W"# * ?4T&' S"%'* - ! P 5(" B "( "#$* >1

BOOK III#%! %" # >@T&' O!"$"# - %&' D3'(("#$ H *' >;O# %&' P!"0 ! ")( S 5*%)# ' ) ! "#$ % %&' P&+*" "*%* 4?B!" 6 4?S)# 44L"0' 4@P 88 ()#) 4S% #' 49M'%& * - 5 "( "#$ W)((* @1T"05'! @;H"$&()# )# L 3()# F"! 4

BOOK IIII#%! %" # 9O# S+00'%!+: "# T'02('* )# "# %&' H 0)# B + ?C()**"-" )%" # - T'02('* @T&' P! 2 !%" #* - I#%'! ( 0#")%" #* )# - C ( 0#* ;T&' F # )%" #* )# S 5*%! % !'* - T'02('* ;P! 2 !%" #* - %&' B)*', C)2"%)(*, )# E#%)5()% !' "# %&' I #" O! '! 9=

BOOK IVI#%! %" # 1=1T&' O!"$"#* - %&' T&!'' O! '!*, )# %&' P! 2 !%" #* - %&' C !"#%&")# C)2"%)(1=?T&' O!#)0'#%* - %&' O! '!* 1=P! 2 !%" #* - D !" T'02('* 1=9T&' C'(() )# P! #) * 114H 3 %&' T'02(' *& ( -) ' 11T&' D !3)+* - T'02('* 11T * )# T'02('* 1?=C"! ()! T'02('* )# O%&'! V)!"'%"'* 1??A(%)!* 1?@

BOOK VI#%! %" # 1?9T&' F ! 0 )# B)*"(" ) 1>1T&' T!')* !+, P!"* #, )# S'#)%' H *' 1>

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T&' T&')%!': "%* S"%', F # )%" #*, )# A *%" * 1>H)!0 #" * 1>9S # "#$ V'**'(* "# %&' T&')%!' 14>P()# - %&' T&')%!' 14G!''6 T&')%!'* 1@1A *%" * - %&' S"%' - ) T&')%!' 1@>C ( ##) '* )# W)(6* 1@4

B)%&* 1@T&' P)()'*%!) 1@9H)!5 !*, B!')63)%'!*, )# S&"2+)! * 1 ?

BOOK VII#%! %" # 1O# C("0)%' )* '%'!0"#"#$ %&' S%+(' - %&' H *' 1 =S+00'%!+, )# M "-" )%" #* "# "% % * "% %&' S"%' 1 4P! 2 !%" #* - %&' P!"# "2)( R 0* 1T&' P! 2'! E 2 * !'* - %&' D"--'!'#% R 0* 1;=H 3 %&' R 0* *& ( 5' * "%' % %&' S%)%" # - %&' O3#'! 1;1

T&' F)!0& *' 1;>T&' G!''6 H *' 1;@O# F # )%" #* )# S 5*%! % !'* 1;9

BOOK VIII#%! %" # 19@F( !* ?=?T&' S()6"#$ - L"0' - ! S% ?=4V) (%"#$* )# S% W !6 ?=@O# S% W !6 "# D)02 P() '*, )# # %&' D' !)%" # - D"#"#$ R 0* ?=;T&' D' ) '# ' - F!'* P)"#%"#$ ?1=

M)!5(' - ! *' "# S% ?1> N)% !)( C ( !* ?14C"##)5)! )# " 6*"(/'! ?1@C"##)5)! continued < ?1A!%"-" ")( C ( !*. B() 6 ?1B( '. B !#% O &!' ?1;W&"%' L') , V'! "$!"*, )# A!%"-" ")( S)# )!) & ?19P !2(' ?19S 5*%"% %'* - ! P !2(', Y'(( 3 O &!', M)() &"%' G!''#, )# I# "$ ??=

BOOK VIIII#%! %" # ??@H 3 % -"# W)%'! ??R)"#3)%'! ??9V)!" * P! 2'!%"'* - D"--'!'#% W)%'!* ?>?T'*%* - G W)%'! ?4?L'/'(("#$ )# L'/'(("#$ I#*%! 0'#%* ?4?A ' %*, W'((*, )# C"*%'!#* ?44

BOOK IXI#%! %" # ?@1

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T&' ") )# %&' P()#'%* ?@T&' P&)*'* - %&' M # ? ?T&' C !*' - %&' S # %&! $& %&' T3'(/' S"$#* ? 4T&' N !%&'!# C #*%'(()%" #* ? @T&' S %&'!# C #*%'(()%" #* ?A*%! ( $+ )# W')%&'! P! $# *%" * ? 9T&' A#)('00) )# "%* A22(" )%" #* ? =

S # ")(* )# W)%'! C( 6* ? > BOOK X

I#%! %" # ?;1M) &"#'* )# I02('0'#%* ?;>H "*%"#$ M) &"#'* ?;@T&' E('0'#%* - M %" # ?9=E#$"#'* - ! !)"*"#$ W)%'! ?9>W)%'! W&''(* )# W)%'! M"((* ?94T&' W)%'! S !'3 ?9@T&' P 02 - C%'*"5" * ?9

T&' W)%'! O!$)# ?99T&' H 0'%'! >=1C)%)2 (%* ! S !2" #'* >=>B)(("*%)' >=@T&' S%!"#$"#$ )# T #"#$ - C)%)2 (%* >=;S"'$' M) &"#'* >=9T&' T !% "*' >11H'$'% ! * T !% "*' >1?M')* !'* - D'-'# ' >1@

N %' # S )0"((" I02)!'* >?=I# ' >?1

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

C'!%)"# - %&' "0)$'* 0)+ 5' /"'3' '#()!$' 5+ (" 6"#$ "!' %(+ # %&' "0)$'. N %' -%!)#* !"5'!.<

C)!+)%" '* -! 0 T!')* !+ - C#" ")#*, D'(2&"C)!+)%" '* - E!' &%&' 0, A%&'#*C)!+)%" "# V"(() A(5)#", R 0'C)!+)%" '*P'!*")#* 9C #*%! %" # - C"%+ W)((* ?>T 3'! - %&' W"# *, A%&'#* ?D")$!)0 - %&' W"# * ?9D")$!)0 - D"!' %" #* - S%!''%* >=V"%! /" * B!" 6 B # 44T!)/'!%"#' )!!"'*, R 0)# C)02)$#) 49E )02(' - O2 * I# '!% 0, C"! ()! T'02(', T"/ (" @1O2 * R'%" ()% 0, T&'!0)' - H) !")# * V"((), T"/ (" @?E )02(' - O2 * R'%" ()% 0, D !3)+ - S% ) P ' "(', H) !")# * V"(() @>

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VITRUVIUS

P)$' >

BOOK I

PREFACE

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"* ( *' )(( %&' 2!"# "2('* - %&' )!%. @

CHAPTER I

THE EDUCATION OF THE ARCHITECT

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