The Protestant ReformationI got 95 theses but the Pope ain’t one…

Reform?To reform is to restructure or

reorganize with the hope of improving.

The Protestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation is

the name given to the religious reform movement that divided the Western European churches into Catholic and Protestant groups.

Started by Martin Luther in early 16th century (1500s), but based on developments that set stage for religious change.

Christian Humanism

New classical learning that was part of Italian Renaissance Humanism started to spread to thoughts about religion

Christian Humanists believed in the ability of humans to reason and improve themselves If people read the classics, they would be more pious Inner piety will help to improve Church and society In order to bring about social change, must first change

individual

Our old friend ErasmusWanted to reform Church (not split with

it) and society

“The Philosophy of Christ”Christianity should show people how to live

good lived on a daily basis instead of provide a system of beliefs for people to practice exactly

External forms of religion from Middle Ages (pilgrimages, fasts, etc.) not important

Why Reform?Renaissance Popes 1450-1520 failed to

meet Church’s needsSupposed to be spiritual leaders, but often

more concerned with politics and worldly matters instead

Julius II (aka “warrior pope”) led armies against enemies

Many church officials concerned with $ and used job to advance careers and wealth

Shady Salvation…Relics -- a religious object carefully preserved with the

purpose of showing servitude before the Church and God. Believed having relics reduced one’s time in purgatory. Prince Frederick, Luther’s Prince, had collected over 5 thousand

relics said to reduce his time in purgatory 1, 443 years.

Indulgence – Given by the Catholic Church and is granted as temporary forgiveness of sin. Indulgences were purchased at this time.

Relic

Additional VocabSalvation – saving of the soul from sin and evil.

Penitence – The condition of being sorry for one’s wrongful acts/sins.

Purgatory – Stage after death and of temporary punishment.

Question:What causes people to rebel?

Next Question – The Big One!Under what circumstances do you think that

you would rebel or take part in a revolution?