particularly those
with
the activity
pected
the necessity in
panion
in
1943.
published
by
activities of
be
plored,
the
point
of
the
memories
of
these
directors
or
in
inadvertently omitted, and
the criticism offered.
Throughout the preparation
upon
the
scholarly
of her association with the program, the author has also
been
indebted
of
the
Office.
Thanks
are
also
due
the
as required
agencies
Center is located
General
the War Depart-
June 1775,
many types of
of all
all
service of
Ordnance Department
for pro-
Pur-
Quartermaster
Depot,
it
there
progressive
and equip
act
513,
act
approved
23
con-
1912
ment, individual equipment, and
the
the
not continue under
the economic strain
co-ordination,
of water
10
Report
of
Secretary
of
War.
the same
of
sepa-
1920
sought
to
were
the les-
more often
rent
operations
to
potentialities
than
12,000
200,000
men
stationed
activities
were
accomplished
through
a
June
1940,
however,
brought
a
more
15
OQMG
OO
19,
personnel
was
em-
ployed
in
the
Civilian
that was
to be
and
procured and distributed
of
This
centralized
co-ordina-
national
To accomplish these
sponsible
of specific items
established
the procurement of most
1942. As
war in
establishment
of
centers
not only
to
handle
the
commodity
distri-
guide
its
activities
throughout
thirty-six
years
in
1940),
21ff.
2
Attached
was an Execu-
for
Civilian
division
significant
that
a
for-
mal
affected by
competitive
planning
agencies
in
Division were also
extremely timorous about
pursued
a
re-
the great-
staff agencies of the
a
ready-made
set
of
inestimable
pro-
13
(1)
Chief
of
Depot
At
channel
of
functional
supervision
handling
of
a
group
of
supply
new construction for the Army and the main-
tenance and repair of buildings from The
Quartermaster General
ad-
set
up.
construction work
the
had
a
14
and to the training of
combat engineer
hundred
forces had
He objected
ac-
tivities
Army
life.
There
is
does
not
wish
to
and recreational
the
of the
common
one
operating
1942 by
SOS.
a
detailed for duty in
the Construction
Forces
(AGF),
and the
transfer
of
established
in
General
Headquarters
inasmuch
as
were
Hertz report
that
"the
training of
Jan
42,
sub:
TQMG, 21 Oct
27
TQMG
be
3d
Armored
Division.
The
thority. He
resulting confusion would
pelled
other
partment.
33
being. In-
ment made
Motor
turn
equipment
under
a
QMC
to
because the organ-
the
separate
motor
prob-
lems
for
the
not approve
so.
At
any
Jul
42,
ommended
centralization
of
of
a
mis-
operating
tive problems.
General Reorganization
the
Jul
42,
often
space
in
day
Six
under the
of common
purchasing
and
activities,
espe-
other
basic
to
build
up
autonomous
organizations"
within
the
OQMG.
4,
necessary
to
"meet
quirements data. It was several months, how-
ever, before the problem of extensive duplica-
tion of activities resulting from the failure
to
aware of
at once
of maintain-
The Quartermaster
adjustments.
46
Office
45
Memo,
TQMG
for
Dirs
of
Svs,
granted
by
specific
order.
47
the
Procurement
Service
Serv-
commodity branches formed the
ab-
sorbed
by
natural
that
Storage and
Distribution Division.
of
purchasing. The Storage and Distribution Service
also
furnishes
the desired distribution
of the items
the
Procurement
Distribution
Service
is
responsible
for
the
guarding,
direction
but
had
not
activities and in decentralizing procurement
operations.
He
fication for
and Procurement Services, since
requirements
be
division
as
Actual
procurement
be
depots
but
would
be
responsible
Staff
to
Acquaint
Mem-
Div, 17 Apr
(2)
ment
organization.
55
n.d.,
sub:
and some steps
the
QMC
were
determined
delay
Equipage
Chief
of
former
mended
that
over the translation
quate co-ordination
and
the
against
others
to
the
name
May
42,
no
sub,
enclosing
with
OQMG,
18
Jun
42.
mer
of
1942,
however,
included
the na-
divisions
co-operation
was
the
clarifica-
tion
reporting
1942
by
all echelons
tached for
administrative purposes
to the
functions. For example, the
assist in
organized serv-
appointed
to
Evolution
of
Functional-Commodity-
Type
purely
func-
another,
petroleum
prod-
ucts
for
which they
ing
petroleum
precedented
as
well
70
to
Development
friction
developed
it
also
the discharge of
the operating responsibilities
either assigned or
member of
attempts to
transfer the
standard-
Quarter-
those relat-
of its duties
the
Military
Planning
however, the order
also provided that
effectiveness
centralized
under
Storage and
Distribution Division
until the
lished
as
a
preparation
organization
of
the
OQMG.
years. From May
there were thirteen divisions carrying
out
the
versus
with
a
Div with
ter
field
activities
either
lations.
to troop units.
in the procurement and distribution
of Quarter-
depots,
but
some
as,
for
Motor
and war
functions
co-ordination of
of
such
camps,
and
stations
panded during
the emergency,
this could
program.
81
For
n. 81.
control of
pro-
1941
enforce-
ment
of
such
erly
dispensing
at
all
posts,
Service Program
mand.
89
The
plan
Department
Accounting for Fid
supply
with the
areas.
In
addition
to
these
direct
bility of the Corps was involved, the staff rela-
tionship between
cut.
For
the
Food
Service
Program,
staff division
to supervise
service
Quarter-
for
ex-
proce-
and
of
ment. He designated
were
not
of
a
a
par-
bene-
work by organ-
depot
commanders
en-
larged
Warehousemen, highly trained
in attain-
Dep
Div,
CO.
freed
Quartermaster
requi-
with
administration
of
the depot
commander assumed
Daniel-
10J
(1)
installation was
with
organizations."
104
Some
their
procurement
BQMD et a/.,
taining
curement
expediting
to
the
depots
to
these
field
but
it
also
helped
prevent
sonnel
at
were
also
other
control
QMC found it necessary to
work closely
time
government
test-
ing
undertook
tests
of
completed
experimental
petroleum in
Army-Navy Petroleum Board, since
Departments on all matters pertaining
to
petro-
refineries
throughout
the
petroleum products.
Branch of
duction Management
supply
and assumed its labor
de-
fense
in global
use
cidentally,
higher
costs.
The
implicit
in
supposedly
subtropical
any
period
are
scope.
In
the
years
a
the
was
a
tremen-
dous
obsolescent
at
the
general, both
ulations provided for determination
of
which
development of new items or changes
in
exist-
ing
ones.
The
branches,
were
to
work
in
sup-
branches as well
be
represented.
The
technical
committees
were
and to
to
be
Assistant
to
seeking
a
equipment is
Army
Regulations
considerable
Equipment, it is
part,
OQMG
a
which
search program,
their efforts
been decen-
and
was
grated
the
heard estimates which included requirements of
$524,650
for
deletions
mates made cuts
or 36%
funds
to
only
9%
event
of
a
procurement,
these
years
1934
through
1938
and, as
was
accomplished
during
the
year."
l3
after
ment
Budget
Advisory
research
OQMG. Prior
to
the
possibility
of
waging
campaigns
creation
and,
concurrently,
Japanese
changes in the
field of subsistence.
rela-
tive
importance
1939
the
follow-
shortages, actual
a
June
affected by scarcities
establish-
impaired
the
such revision of speci-
the policy
essential
efficiency."
should not be considered of secondary impor-
tance but should be
istics
were
15
(1)
41,
sub:
Substitution
11
Jun
41,
sub:
Semifinished
Materials.
17
OQMG
in order to
weighed against
"cost
and
and
impact on the design and development of items
for which the
shortages
in
a
had been produced
in
the
gear and
easy
corrode, and
war and there was
the
use
of
substi-
tutes.
It
was
easy
to
design
a
of a
though
much
types,
proved
factory canteens of both
for
this
item.
Delinquencies
were
due
in
materials and equip-
the
mate-
rials
situation
the
QMC
resorted
both
to
higher
priority
in
this
important
of the
Army
had
been
most part,
of galvanized iron in
master
direction
in
1941,
equipment only
placed under priority control
the
of
newspapers,
Oct
41,
&
steel
procurement
of
office
while the
been used
since the
alloy. In
such
items
as
oped
ginning in
curement
program.
Whereas
31
Aug
42-31
ade-
quate
a
hardware wherever practicable.
as
grommets,
placement of
the metal
theless under pressure
of
webbing
belts
32
OQMG, to Hon. Henry
coated
normal
climatic
OQMG,
25
Aug
42,
of
Pro-
duction
Div,
sub.
(3)
26
Dec
42,
sub:
Plastic
also directed
definite
surplus
been
eliminated
during
materi-
raincoats,
of
thetic or
even
liner.
48
per-
sonal
equipment
for
items in-
ments had been
amount
the
thetics,
as
Jute,
a
cotton
accumulated
of
the
loss
spec-
ifications
made
use
variety.
Also,
a
the
wool
in
even
be
claim for
use in
and
numerous
neckties
cords and in
some other items.
May 42,
Conserv
items,
a
number
of
years
Army
which
duck.
every
fabric
that
can
marked
so
that
it
replacement
of
the
10.2-ounce
waterproofed
indus-
buying all
single-
sources were
soon shut
The
and
chickens
made
the
40-60
feathers,
hide, used for
to
military needs. The
opportunity
to
a
number
of
other
tions
use
of
leather
used,
consisted
in
the
change
from
a
leather
to
a
A notable
field
and
abundant.
67
Mar-1 May 42.
(3)
Ltr,
garments.
Plastic
the
and,
in
a
rubber in raincoats and other waterproof
fabrics.
were
the amphibious
boot added
nylon
showed
it, and the material
only
the parachutes.
time
but
so
substantial
allocations
use
of
42,
OQMG, 7 Aug
6
Aug
43,
72
Materials
2
5
Aug
42,
propulsion, new
which contributed to
tion Branch
and executive
john, later to become
Division, author-
ized the
beginnings.
consequence
as
long
as
were
consequent-
by
personnel
F.
Doriot.
At
Planning Division over responsibility for re-
search
in
packing was never vested
Similarly, when petroleum procurement
integrated
com-
modity
Fuels and
their
prove existing items and
emergency.
and
Jeffersonville
the Philadelphia
1942
it
was
buttons. At the
the study of
loyalties, and their
on
without
some
of all their
was em-
phasized that
needs
were
life
a
frac-
be
established.
Still
gaged in controlled
under conditions
samples, and
recorders were attached
with its vast
climates,
should
fully
equipped
the techniques of the physiologist, the
physicist,
the
textile
Later the
chamber where desert and jungle conditions
could be simulated. The laboratory
became
the
principal
facility
of
the
Research
and
Develop-
to be done
by the
Army service
also
in
and
ment of
transferred in
the spring
Analysis
in
the
Research
tory see Ch. V,
by
the
fessor Edward
R. Schwartz.
Leather problems
at
routine of the office. Sometimes such an
organ-
con-
tracts
for
to
the
sometimes by
izations
in
with
consultant
service,
individual
product,
in
the
solution
of
after testing was
approval.
The
actual
the
program, the
through their
have
satis-
factory
military
characteristics
of
developed
War
I.
In
underwent gradual modifications in the interval
of
peace
as a
coat gave way
hand
arms
and
services.
25
At
the
beginning
ings
a
developed
coat
in
terial
shortages
the
silk
black
wool
of
the early work
on clothing was
was pushed first because of the urgent program
of defense
measures involving
the sending
woven woolens,
covered by
windproof gar-
tect
the
enclosed
air
OQMG, after
of
arctic
combat
uniform
40,
sub:
gar-
ments,
such
as
caps
and
liners
29
as to
The Research and Development
as
of
on
to
The
Quartermaster
battle jacket
uniform to
then plaguing distribution,
form. From the beginning
September
1943,
the
wool field
jacket developed
system. The
that
both
of
warmth, the
M-1943 jacket
in
France.
58
The
but this could only
44,
sub:
later
which could also be
so
fitted
dershirt, flannel shirt, and high-neck sweater,
and under the field jacket,
M-1943. The appli-
broke
down
in
practice
to rest
of the War
limited
assembly
dur-
ing
in
the
ETO,
quantity
a
The sweater
and the
field jacket,
In cold,
items
the battle dress
working suits,
combat gar-
Engineers, which
combina-
tions.
the of
although
snip-
No. 7
Asst for
was applied to the jungle suit but not with not-
able
success.
considered
ing troops
the special jungle
sensus of opinion
blending color for jungle
stocks
50
of simplifying
design in
would
re-
48
4
Dec
43,
sub:
Jungle
Uniform.
(2)
43.
50
through-
opinion
that
chemical warfare. Finally in
end of
jun-
one-piece
insect-proof
and
made
up
Oct
42,
sub:
Cotton
Nov
42,
to TQMG,
(2)
Div,
of
jungle
was first
a
fail-
As tightly
Jungle
Clothing
to
experimental
models.
Jungle
new
tested during the period from 1
July
to
1
No-
vember
1944
Infantry
ber
1944
dertook
a
clothing, equipment,
General
Staff
had
also
expressed
TQMG,
1941
was
the
first
to
consider
the
design
of
the
Riddell
football
nance Department
a
more
com-
fortable
headpiece.
The
lousing
gear
met
all
the
requirements
for it
supplying
ade-
quate
world wars
was similar.
The Army
footwear was
more
suit-
62
1,
July
1945),
pp.
10-11.
a small
leather
heels,
viously a
ing
World
1939.
Until
ability
until
finally
a
shoe
proved very satisfactory
during the closing
months of World
period,
the
light
service
the soldiers
technicians, in
to the use
which
utilized
a
rubber
tap
and
heel.
66
But
just
as
was forced,
new
shoe. The
latter was
scarcity
of
rubber,
more
com-
grain-out
leather.
worn by infantrymen
winter of
offered only
total
2,900
casualties
Nov
43,
(above)
and
field
combat
the
As
a
ETO submitted its first
The
seams and
use
Quartermaster
and proper
can
be
fairly
adequate
January.
But the
caused the
had been made
shortage and
the all-rubber
winter wear
the
con-
struction
method
widths, was the
the
war
in general. Shoepacs, in
them.
76
In
the
winter
of
1944-45
QMC
Tech
Observer,
G-4,
difficul-
ties.
consider-
able
distances
on
each
side
of
experimental
development
of
been revealed
parasitic
growth
jungle forces
obtained
from
leather
a
WPB
order
and insulate
too
little
sup-
port,
and gave too
not an
uncommon to
77
that they
E. Hartman,
44,
no
welt. By February
The boot had
had
been
QMCTC initiated
Be-
cause
of
summer
of
War II,
fronted
with
had
little
phia Depot. The OQMG was now embarking
on
a
by the
procured.
82
Between
1942
and
1945
the
development
of
Colonel
on
July
1943,
it
M. Steadman
however,
to
of the
of
WAAC
clothing
at
Fort
Des
responsibility
for
women's
clothing,
both
at
the
OQMG
and
velopment of
one person but
originally
developed
the
uniform
uniform made
form.
8
jacket belt and
Johnson,
PQMD,
16
May
42,
the
manufactur-
ers
WAAC
Army in
years
ANC.
as
waist,
Waacs.
cap,
chic under-
hit foxholes
like
a
tent.
wear
in
hospital uni-
Nov
42,
sub:
Stand-
way. Origi-
shirts, combat
either herring-
in
the
technicians
were
to
the Army
was unable
In
A
problem
manufactured over government-owned lasts.
McAfee,
SGO,
to
CG
to
Textile
and
such
khaki,
oped prior
military
clothing
and
accepted
Research and Development Branch
by adopting
a better
in
the
Army
as
a
result
the
of
the
Army
changes in mil-
stemmed from
applied
to
winter
combat
dier better protection
a
manner
as
to
close
up
in
developing
a
"Problems for
search
Journal,
November
1945,
pp.
414-15.
the QMC
try.
clothes and on
garments.
94
ments
had
garment.
To
restore
Associa-
a
Field con-
would never
water repellency
repellent treatments.
1942
closed,
a
program
to
der
a
contract
search Committe, the
the extent
94
(1)
31
Dec
42,
31
Jan
43.
(2)
work
see
name
products.
was
shrinkage played
in reducing
had done little
salvage
studies
which
woolen garments.
which
was
could
be
made
by
concentrating
able
to
prevent shrinkage,
industry.
a
proj-
the late
summer of
any
mill
with
even
method was to
improve the quality
103
side
out
dependent on
Still
another
problem
was
mold
and
continual
humid
however, was
sulting skin irritations had
contact with the soldier's skin. Under the
Na-
nati
to
100
29
Feb
44-30
Apr
45,
sub:
Wear
Jan
43,
sub:
Flameproofing.
102
(1)
Col
Kennedy,
Rpts,
1943
geon
General
tions accordingly
were
applied
to
footgear.
11
enough
body
ence between
in terms of heat stress to four times that
differ-
ence,
or
8
pounds
type
forces
authority for perfect protection and absolute suit-
ability for
increasingly diffi-
cult if
stand-
development
use
of
wool
numerous
coats
and jackets and two caps were made to serve the
purpose of
and
air and
other
longed testing, and
had been applied were
which permitted rain to
would
complished in the postwar
well as
by
Adoption
of
New
Items.
termaster
Corps
has
by
responsibilities
in
a
weapon
nor
so
technically
specialized
as
to
fall
French
musette
bag.
carried. Orig-
motorized
units
and
various
other
types
ment of equipment for specialized troops.
Neither the
pack restricted
web
belly
strap
was
detached
too large and was
by the frame
and the improper
changes in the basic
which
to
lay
out
a
personal effects accord-
ceived
because
time
gathered
type
vided
not be halted
pack
were therefore substituted.
pack and
mended the
preferred
to
issue
manufacturing
sufficient
7
(1)
Rpt,
44, sub:
Fid Pack,
TQMG,
to
of
enable
him
to
issue
a
new
carbine,
.30-caliber
Ml,
the leg.
In field
troops
necessitated
of ammuni-
perimental models of cotton
entirely
from
the duck
retained
as
the
fabric
but
its
color
was
changed
to
ASF,
21
Feb
45,
ASF,
7
Feb
45,
sub:
Basis
the QMC
was
given
Div,
29
Mar
43.
16
(1)
Rpt,
Subcom,
type
shelter
half
still
on
addition
of
a
second
triangular
piece.
While
1943
been completed.
ations near the enemy, since they made obvious
targets. When
versatility of the German
shelter tent was called
Section
of
the
of
equipping
desert
as a
shelter
halves
to
form
a
six-man
report
by
the
Field
Artillery
Board,
the
AGF
20
(1)
of the blade
was the
intrenching shovel, the pick mattock, and the
ax. Two months
later, however, the
an
intrenching
When
extended
it
was
used
ming
Co.
limited
standard.
37
This
M-1943
intrenching
in
addition
long. In extended
27
May
44,
to Hq ASF, 24
42
to CG
Jul
45,
45,
 
did the machete
tion,
being
allowed
to
pivot
and
leather sheath with
repellent
duck.
45
When
summer of
ture,
and
scaled
from
not
of
other
purposes
by
opments
Jungle
Equip.
(2)
Lt
Woodbury
to
Hist
Sec,
OQMG,
11
Sep
43,
47
(1)
QMC
Spec
JQD
188B,
19
Nov
42,
sub:
18-
serv-
ices
of
a
modifications.
Two
Quartermaster
installations
co-operated
in
came
a
separate
Motor
Herbert R.
accom-
plishment.
Officially
known
as
the
The QMC
and other
of its need
siderable
experimentation
with
V^-ton 4x4
one
machine
be author-
for
service
test-
ing.
purpose classification, the
rec-
of not
more than
a
four-wheel-steer
type
of
jeep,
and
eight
vided with this feature.
greater
and Cav
Vehs, 400.112.
and TQMG,
first
seventy
jeeps
to
the
co-
operated
changes were made
before the model
vision of
mended standardization of the
come
the
QMC
a
reputa-
perhaps,
to
Ord-
war cor-
projects
undertaken
automobile industry, which
of mili-
on
from
that
industry
if
the
in relation
Recon
and
1,
22
Jan
41.
65
the
procurement
were
written
ability of the manufacturers.
gov-
could
to manufacture
lowing years,
creating, in
was
then
Brig
39,
between
the
4-
and
7V2
_ton
groups.
69
serve to
•
Sup
in
each
to
meet-
it
was
planned
Motors, were
Vi-ton
and
2
Vi
-ton
field, the
struction was the
pelled
procurement
by
negotiation,
a
greater
degree
standardization and simplification of the differ-
ent kinds of petroleum products
used
The many
kinds of
fuel could
given
type
of
universal
as
fuel.
The
Chief
Ordnance
year-round
combat
grade was used.
Fuels
work of co-ordination
In
a
similar
ob-
OQMG.
74
were
undertaken.
handling petro-
can used as
combat zone,
the
OQMG
in
74
Procurement of Collapsible Liquid Fuel Units.
 
cured
its original form the
each
of
original design.
of
83
Inasmuch
as
these
changes
79
Risch,
Fuels
for
Global
Conflict,
pp.
90-91.
80
Maj
O.
OQMG, to Coflnf,
Made in 17 Units of QM Portable Gasoline Fid Range,
M-1937.
82
39,
39,
the
use
metal situation
provided the
created
a
hazard
to
health.
The
lead
inch thick. It
to
70
practice
filter
changing
appears
to
port
from
the
field
stated
six
gas
mask
canisters,
"it
was
still
necessary
to
three times per
parts of the fire unit.
Before
the
maneuvers in which operating personnel had
usually obtained white gasoline by one means
or another.
leaded
The fire units
therefore failed to
NATO,
5
Mar-2
Jun
43.
85
time the
cleaning from once
of the field range.
stances
arctic explorers
and mountaineers
campers were
QMC the Coleman
a
larger
stove
to
serve
design
of
a
in
the
ing legs and tripod
M-1941 model
to
is
it, make
of a
ladle.
The
by
the
cook,
which were the same
overcome
recommended its
two men. When
included
stainless steel
ted together
packed in the
to
bakery
companies
was
equip-
Subs
Br,
was
developed
by
the
Subsistence
Branch,
OQMG,
to
admit
bars
so
M-1942.
(3)
Insp
the
it
to
evacuate
a
it was
than the M-1942
in
1944
106
deficiencies and ad-
mobile
OQMG, 26 Aug
Jan
44,
Aug
44-31
Aug
45,
under
heading
procurement
mo-
essential
the Army.
Unfortunately, uncertainty
Prior
to
tive
of
three
months
whether
was
taken
tors, including frozen-food
tween
the
each major type
while
the
(2)
WD
Cir
69,
responsibility
the
Ordnance
pertaining to the QMC
(
year,
several
modifications,
deter-
leave
a
road
It
was
expected
that
a
The
cross
to test the
refrigerating unit according
The
need for
usefulness
in
delivering
perishable
various sized
development of
sub:
Semi-
Semitrailer,
Two-
31 Aug-30 Sep
Asst Chief of R&D Br to QMCTC Sec, OQMG,
31
Jan
45,
sub:
it
was
never
was
felt
ganization
high
mo-
op-
With the
semitrailers, had
been standardized
1943
be-
ing and textile repair units were doing a good
job, but it was observed
that they were
set up as
sterilization
too
means of
ind,
Army
a
basis
in
sup-
which
each
127
(1)
Sec,
31
Mar-30
Nov
44,
under
Units.
for
so
the
the
earlier
models
as
limited
standard.
133
beginning
to
come
from
the
factories.
Laundry
Equipment
suffered from the
5
General's Office and
the Laundry Branch,
the
use
was capable of holding
5
Mar-2
Jun
43.
139
Mil
sub: Rpt of
Travel to NATO,
(3)
414.4.
to
the
fullest
quarters,
neers for comment,
op-
portunity
of
to
pro-
duck had
see memo
ltr, AAF
to ASF,
ASF, 21
fab-
tent, was
E.
C.
Auchter,
1944 and
Exposure.
161
This
was
OQMG,
15
Feb
were ques-
tioned. When
produce the
again
prevented
QMCTC
rec-
the Army
gave rise
of
the
tent
is
through a piece
which
The
19
May
45,
on
Mar
45,
sub:
Sub-
TQMG, 16
over a
for other
frame, the
toward
standard-
ization.
Summary
Wars
for
truck
the
all
in the
procurement
of
to
be
used
throughout
the
raw ma-
of
summer of
models had
all proved
in the new refrigerated
came
to
initiated
QMC. Critical
improve
often
than
not
the
 
of
a
properly
day."
1
It
by
the
of
or-
ganization
problems of research
a subcommittee
proposed the
for
Additional
the
Air
Corps.
Although
plementing basic
during
World
distributed in
from the home
Subsistence
Section.
6
Insofar
referred
Re-
of Func-
43,
on
same.
were
adequate
and acceptability
utilized during
not been related to
occupied
the
laboratory,
more
Research and Development
concerning special problems
Department
of
Container
exercise. The
interest
emergency
between the
Corps was
for
a
the QMC
by
the
emergency, and life-
were
considered
OQMG, to
430.2.
(2)
Isker,
OIC
ration might
was stabilized to a
one to
A
two-ounce
D
ration"
of
the
Army
Air Corps and in one of the menus of the ten-
in-one
standardized
rigid Army
and, even
War
II
During the war types
turn.
vinced
that
"some
ment
to
the
36
better in edi-
cooked in
a
for general use
cans
ponents, one 12-ounce can
ration was shown to members
of
The
OQMG,
value of
Capt
Combat
Rat.
26
completely
perfected.
28
1939
the
laboratory
was
ready
to
other in
The B unit was
lab-
oratory.
Subsequently,
recurrently expressed this preference
32
As
a
result,
reduced in
between meals.
39,
sub:
it
prophesied,
favor
the
products
in suffi-
cient amounts
sometimes received by
the soldier in
also
was
replaced
by
a
since
March
1943.
They
C
corrective
action.
45
When
lead-
ing
filling
properties
of
this
46
K
stable to
request-
ed
the
development
of
a
ration
which
could
be
carried
ets,
chocolate,
a
meat
prep-
aration,
and
a
imposed limits
the K
ration was
field
tests
were
labeled
"breakfast
of
the
the pack-
changes in
detail would
the
trend
steak—
of
development
rations developed
Subsistence Research
Laboratory in
As
a
result
an
assault
Div,
OQMG,
30
Mar
45,
sub:
Rat,
giving
a captain of the Medical Corps recently
returned from
ers' comments on
ering the period 1943-46,
and
are
troops
one
rations.
57
originated
during
1941
and
1942
in
the
one
day,
men for one
selection of foods
was suggested by
pre-cooked
readily
prepared
cereals
items. By August
remained
campaign
suc-
and
cli-
mate,
and
breakdown for
for
the
AGF.
The
K, and
during World
that in
a
of the midday meal.
decided
that
distribution
to
materially aided by
packing the ration
to
CG
25
Jun
43,
on
subcom
meals.
ration and
the K
type lunch
started
developmental
work
the
noon
meal,
away
This
19
May
44,
no
sub.
(2)
the new meat
of
three
menus
10,
67
were
submitted
to
tions.
Theater
evaluation
of
interest of the
feed troops behind the
ration
such
items
as
transportation
perishables
vegetables
and
meats,
such
as
Army-style
of
sav-
ing
shipping
space.
73
The
existed for
boneless beef.
work.
The
at
remained much
vers. It
1940.
The
laboratory
ground meat.
This division,
it was
ground beef.
carcass
of the
most
familiar
meats
of
smoked meat products that would remain
palat-
the Spanish- American
been
at
unsatisfactory re-
sults. With
82
They
consumption.
in
the
in
a
new
specification,
86
products
it, the labora-
tory early in
88
Pack-
ing
hams
in
salt
Apr 41,
for
the
Army,
pp.
17-18.
85
Ltr,
Col
Barry,
CO
Jul 41,
of
were not
of
hams
troops
ex-
isted
was
sup-
compo-
nents,
prepared in
laboratory
fifty
kinds
89
See,
for
NATO,
26
Oct-
13
Dec
43.
90
Memo
for
Br, OQMG,
Armed
Forces
War
//, p.
320.
as beef
and gravy,
B
ration.
93
as
used
at
installations
tent to
which frozen
and used
strategic materials,
especially tin.
Such canned
formed the
Commercial
initiate special
heretofore
ent in
gener-
temperatures prevailed.
tion showed that specific
this
program,
it
took
no
further
action
until
SR&DL,
interested since
multistage dehydra-
progress
Such subsistence packages had
all
the
excessively
mate-
rials
which
was
strategic
from
the
to protect
ot
4,588,000
pounds
SOS, 8 Aug
the steel mill in a
zinc
phosphate
affording protection
against rust.
Supplementary rpt,
Advisory Com
Drums, and Cans,
Cowles, OQMG,
see
use
of
three
types
corrugated
Off, SF Gen
sion the
winter of
hensive set of
ment
in
the
QMC
was
issued
in
April
1942.
124
It
of
bound
tions
did not have sufficient
could
not
including
the
many advan-
tages. They
best con-
up
less
space
OQMG, the
boxes
packing
Summary
In
subsistence
research
as
in
perishables involved
ration design
to
the
eat
what
though nutritive values continued to receive
due
consideration,
C
ration
accomplished
in
use
tion
but
a
materials
that went into
to
sustain
com-
plicated
maintenance
multiplicity
tensively
to
equipping
those
mands
Even during
by
tially
equipped.
requirements personnel time to
mainte-
nance
and
proper
system
for
the
control
of
use
responsibility for
the supervision
raw materials, labor prob-
came
within
other hand,
eral Staff was responsible for determining
sup-
and separately with
eral Staff. This
Lutes,
23
Sep
46,
2
Until
of USW
in
the
by
1937
come
to
be
a
curement planning purposes in the twenty-year
interval of
by op-
erating branches
were
drafted
on
oped so
to
ments
so as
When
in
January
1941
the
for
spe-
requirements
set
signed for long-range
require-
ments
F. Bradford, Meth-
Methods
of
Forecast-
ing.
7
(1)
OQMG
continued
Assistant Chief of
of
1943,
petroleum
of the Stor-
operations were
the
ASP.
requirements
partment designated
Materiel,
to
Roy
balance
between
supply
stock on
hand had
to be
determined and
computing
or
or
14
This
is
a
require-
difficulties inherent in it
Branch, OQMG,
articles authorized
Allowances
Such
was pre-
the
actual
troop
strength
organization.
Unfor-
requirements,
several
troop
to
supply
on
another."
16
At
was
still
more
than
forecasters
obtained
to
know
and
quanti-
made it
T/BA—
four-
type
arm
T/O's
progress toward
war.
In
theory
at
least,
it
permitted
and the quantities
entered under three
equip-
ment
allow-
to
be
related
ordinary
vision
to
withstand,
cases.
21
Wherever
a
qualification
to
18
(1)
inductee
did
not
automatically
receive
these
shoes.
The
an average
initial factor
that could
to
forces of battle.
losses
of
initial
Army
reached
after
replacements
that
would
factor
issue
which it disappeared
sumption, and loss. For example,
if the
27
also divided into zone
re-
placement
or
whereas
theater
factors
the
was
the
con-
cept
of
from
the
serviceability.
The
in the
day
of
issue,
this country.
Replacements were
zone
years of the
Branch
established
a
replacement
shipments contained in records
sup-
ply
words,
realistic factors
rected
the
scope.
Field
survey
findings
many
the policy was
mine
the summer
but
service sent
responsible
for
the
ASF.
The
QMC
Consumption
and
Expenditure,
AG,
400
(21
Jun
43)
OB-S-SPOPP-M.
37
Theater,"
QMR,
XXIV
(November-December
1944),
28,
120.
(3)
replace-
of each
and
maintenance
largest
once
this
to
be
distributed
in
any
corporated
by
Headquarters,
to
initial
requirements.
41
The
sound,
lines lengthened
to
eventual
to
multi-
stock level. Instead of
tied
up
in
the carry-over
author-
established
for
Divi-
sion,
SOS,
and
their objections to the
existing method of com-
Army, and coor-
Expenditure
Programs
was
by
Con-
scope and did
indicate
when
the
Army's
industrial facilities,
ities, and
the Secretary
Gen-
transmitted
OPM. After
be
was completed
It proved
lend-lease requirements.
was
Secretary
relate the pro-
gram to availability
of critical materials
chiefs, at
SOS,
trans-
were determined
for
Reqmts
Divs, SOS
,7
tious
to
solve
this
a
priority
system
failed.
1942
the
metals, it
did not
allocation
the supply
and demand
assets and total
be cen-
tered only
assets
such
vagaries
as
best such figures could
of
Quartermaster
items."
62
58
of
Reqmts,
pp.
38-39.
60
to
44
Revision
1943
ASP
showed
inac-
realistic ap-
in this
ASF
operations
level
problem
of
scarce
hifted to the maintenance of
men and pipe-
as
unjustifiable
with civilian
the 1942
the year
and con-
tinuous production
supply.
Such
and discretionary
in nature.
were
revised
demand
study.
71
During
pre-
pared
so
that
requisitions by
its
use
pro-
issues to
operations
it
was
established
a
as
set
"to
bring
stock levels
practicable
cerning
the
of the system
Div,
OQMG,
20
Mar
44,
see
on the
data
were
insufficient
to
shipped
as
addi-
the use
of all
chine Tabulating
ficient and
flexible system
mated in the
co-ordination between the
quirements
The desirability
necessity was
tween forecasts and requisitions was demanded
by the
it
was
sent
to
were
accepted.
months for the
total
authorized
bulletin, SB
overseas require-
their more direct
Bradford,
Methods
of
Forecasting,
p.
86.
87
Travel
Activities at
and
salvage
lubricants,
the
estimating
of
important
re-
available
point in
Committee
close working
subsistence
organization.
computing its own
Com-
procurement.
92
Despite
a
working
ar-
branches
to
be
ping
time,
before the work
was completed. Subsequently,
ter
cluded
a
well
as
the
subsistence
sonnel of
at
posts,
camps,
and
stations,
and
in
order
to
the process was to determine the
"multiplier"
to
be
used
for
computa-
tion
number
of
days
in
30.5 days
made for the zone of interior
and overseas. In
made for
sinkings.
Elements
in
Subsistence
Forecasting
Strength
Data
In
computing
subsistence
requirements
a
personnel
being
fed
secured
at
to
reflect
correctly
the number
of categories
tended as
lished
each
use
in
the
con-
Requirements
Branch
on actual issue
consumption
42,
Reqmts
ac-
curacy
related
to
1943,
had
the Pacific,
in order
in
inventories
at
actual
stock
on
hand
were
used
any of the calculations during
the
war
because
for
in excess of 100 percent or more. Of the items
above
authorized
levels
the
levels, the average deficit
author-
ized
by
certain
subsistence
for
to
be
on
pipeline
to
quantities
of
In the
beginning such
programs con-
sideration was
given to
products
to
the
grad-
to
functional lines, responsibility
the remain-
summer of
in
a
each of the
the
development
of
the
interest
of
accuracy
and
Divi-
sion,
SOS,
"would
go
directly
to
The
responsible
for
Department liaison
neces-
Mar
43,
sub:
Proce-
dure,
such
re-
collected
was
re-
sponsible
Jun
43,
sub:
Screening
Reqmts
branch,
Dec
43,
the num-
and when
num-
replace
for
maintenance
items,
and
sibility
QMC had
engine oil
and drums;
accessories
furni-
for
the
from such Treas-
After
1933
for the enlisted
as
well
as
metal,
sorbed
by
current
procurement.
spring of 1942
equipment
available
to
the
Materials—
various
Quartermaster
commodities.
Corporation leases.
and
procedure
Early in
17
not
realized.
Clothing,
textiles,
general
supplies,
and
equipment
war
by
branches
or
divisions
organized
I,
was
not
until
June
1943
that
in
the
desig-
nation
Department
deemed
essential
tracts
supply
service
pp.
60-66.
tribution
program,
see
bor,
the
"minor
arms and
Procurement
mutual
mistakes
in
ceed
$100,000.
After
issue certificates
to hides,
listed
in
Subsistence
author-
ity
were eliminated
pur-
chased
camps,
ule
might compel
to be
schedule.
War
Department
con-
when
for
58
(1)
24 Mar
ment
the
budgetary savings
the contrac-
volume of
nothing
a
memorandum
making
prices were subject
mulation of
These were
conditions
demanded,
Milk
Control
Com-
mission
of
Pennsylvania,
318
U.S.
Reports
261.
(2)
Pacific
ceptance,"
which,
with
QMC Form
and delivery time were liberalized. The form
was
but also by
because
vised
the
"intention"
of
intent
inadequate
to
The Quartermaster General had
and
yet
passed
Congress.
and he proposed to send
out letters of intent
Muni-
tions
Forces,
1946,
pp.
18-19.
(2)
Report
of
prior
to
the
avail-
ability
used
to
established
in
1918,
but
the
peace.
In
1940
and
1941
the
(3)
and Ltr
and Equip.
on
requisi-
tions
of
program, to
British
and
other
centralize
develop
a
workable
webbing for all arms nd services, the
responsi-
sub:
Central-
ized
civilian advisor
on textile
extensive textile experience
services
to
study,
satisfactory to all concerned.
duck.
known production of grey
and
services.
provide
Purchasing
repre-
sented
ington.
ment
of
the
summer
of
1945,
the
Navy
immediately
transferred
its
procurement
activities
to
New
Phila-
co-
ordination
and
collaboration.
A
11
January
1945.
93
products,
and
a
factor of increasing importance.
It was the part
of congestion
the
placement
of
contracts.
Price
continued
to
facilities, materials, and
tractors fluctuated
ingly contradictory pressure
hand, they
goods, and,
on the
the
consideration
an
production
ness
con-
authorized
to
or equipment
or essential
Small
Busi-
9
1940-1942,
pp.
2-4,
22-33,
74-82.
96
56
Plants, Verbatim
of
up to 15
gram,
QMC procurements,
Corps
of the
of
the
efficient and co-operative
war
production
soon brought
many
The greater
and their more
sup-
plying
the
Harbor, contributing
means
plants were
cautioning the
supply services
curement
not,
other
manufacturers
to
other
areas
juris-
diction
in
connection
with
areas
continued
contract placement, and Quartermaster
tight labor areas
and pro-
of
Quar-
tised procurements to the lowest
bidder.
106
In
the
years
of
peace
before
1939
subordi-
negotia-
tion
of
contracts.
During
on
than
on
cost
pre-
ter et al.,
bids sub-
ticle, taking into
consideration fluctuations in
of industry were needed, the use
of
a
ceiling
tors on the
realize
from
these facilities
paid
to
exercise
careful
management
had
following
to
poorer
to
the
use
of
cers had
a
1943
in
devel-
de-
pots.
All
Office
of
111
Ltr,
ASF,
18
Jan
44,
sub:
Status
of
Pricing
respon
sibility
in
the
war
effort.
114
and
voluntary reductions of contract prices.
115
Improvement
of
contracts. At the same time,
the
per-
QMC,
after
the
transfer
1941,
the
use
of
this
elimi-
ways practicable
bidding
cost experience prevented
the item
policy
prospec-
113
(1)
Ibid.
(2)
and
Using
Cost
and
to a
close pricing
involved
in
"ceiling
method"
of
pricing
by
procurement of
contrac-
tor.
117
sions,
such
as
performance,
Sup-
117
Min
that
would
be
in
OQMG,
29
May
42,
sub:
Expediting
Deliveries
Co.
a
method
but at
centives
another
approach
to
this
problem.
The
lished
by
transmitted
been
dered by manufacturers, wholesalers,
class.
Army
and
the
July
1942
of
the
effective
date
to contracts of the
because
most
deliveries
on
proposed
Quartermaster
contracts
were
May
42,
sub:
Unsatisfactory
of
of
Purch
Policy
Advisory
Committee,
11-12
Feb
43,
remarks
even
more
basis,
arriving
at
decisions
through
as
most
The OQMG recognized
view of
the closer
on
the
basis
of
a
liminary and
early
in
1943
to
speed
endar
year
1943
amounting
to
the work
major
erable
gotiation Act. During the summer and
fall of
strong
One of the most
this
provision
particular
Dec
43
Sec,
of
Chairman
of
and
woolens
to
the
the
agents
the
which had to
be subjected to
that
had
Corps in consultation with
meant
basis of
repre-
sented.
146
Despite
fewer
personnel
QMC was
ties—the purchase
Lease Act
the
clothing and textiles.
necessary
for
Pricing
Activities,
in
OQMG,
to
Jun
49,
sub:
agencies
and
foreign
governments
ing and screening requisitions
for aid, the De-
however, it
to
gain
information
through
informal
meetings
with
representatives
of
the
As
ment,
approving
specific
by the defense
wherever
possible,
to
United
the supplies. In
the fo r
trol
S.
Div,
OUSW,
16
Oct
41,
sub:
Truck
by the
or more
noncommon
one
Div, OQMG, n.
1945, p.
inaugurated
considerable uncer-
commodities
involved—
food,
sanitary
supplies,
OCMH.
158
(1)
mended requirements for
such responsibility was delegated
of
the
Military
Planning
Division
July
shipped
about
6,310,000
long
are
not
available
because
paulins,
were procured
and shipped
July
1945
160
Supply
Corps:
Organization,
Supply,
OQMG,
granted
preference
ratings
or
sought
remedial
the
result
job
to
layout and
materials
supply.
From
termaster
suppliers
and
organizational
for example, directed and
Svs,
25
Apr
41,
sub:
of
41,
same
sub.
(3)
TQMG
to
often
brought
trouble.
Contractors
con-
served.
For
revised
to
Corps and
schedules.
gov-
ernment-furnished
tracts and
They
material shortages
in part
under-
necessary raw
contractors on
minor findings was continued
contractors, led
manufacture and de-
di-
rectly
by
leased
to
the
con-
tractor
over
as-
Chicago
De-
pot,
occasionally
oversea ship-
in
open
storage
depot,
rials into
military and
a
taken
in
the
the National
ment of
which
with
their
strategic
directive
neither the
quantity of
Nov
40.
(2)
for more favorable
to
complete
their
contracts
ing
and
equipment
furnished
by
for use
when neces-
organizational
equipment
were
be elim-
priorities
system
see
terials
conservation program
36
which
war production.
halt
to
future
could
not
essential
relation of the activities
completely
lacking.
PRP. It stemmed from
of the
was more
Known
been developed
Fortune,
June
1942,
p.
101.
41
See
or subcontractor.
In a
the
military
services
which
would
to
their
subcontractors.
the form
civilian-type end
got their allotments
of material from
B
list
list
the
de-
this problem
of
these
items
essential
to
the
sponsibility
between
the
Materials
Controller
in
agencies
were
of
weakness of
labor
to
better
in-
increasing.
simultaneously
on
the
43,
Issuance
of
'
voluntary contract.
A mandatory
seize
food was
prior-
of March
Office
of
connection
quotas
were
changed
from
time
refer-
ence
the amounts
orders on beef
available greater quantities of
beef to the armed
ASF, to
to
OQMG,
12
Jun
45,
(2)
CG
ASF,
10
Jul
45,
70
the use of set-aside
7,
March
1946),
pp.
125-44.
71
H.
prevailed
in
master items operated
Jul
41,
sub:
Activities
at
JQMD.
74
Memo
for
file,
where there
was need
requirements by
lead
seasonal
variations
of these
developments a
Master Production
Schedule was
gradually evolved
to con-
form to
in the
Corps, but
Program
ne-
cessitated
a
the emphasis
goods in
time. By
the summer
to
correspond
pots
to
such
schedules.
their
transfer
Corps
procured
since
only
a
motor transport program.
Hrs.
(2)
Prior-
ities
Br
Brs,
42,
Jul
41,
sub:
Proposed
Procurement
to
taken
to
assure
the
Corps
Under the Assignment
possible
to
assign
by
the
ernment
agreeing
to
other motor
and
95
were made to
award.
cuted
other work.
pro-
grams.
Not
only
did
women
won
so
that
delivery
touch
expense of
equipment and
end
transfer
of
gram according to
the request of
CO
PQMD,
28
Sep
40,
(4)
3d
ind,
(5)
to
be
given
for
immediate
out procedures
to put the same
on
to
prevent
peculiar
problems,
inspection
for
Div,
W.
Jones,
PQMD,
27
Feb
41,
no
TQMG,
23
Jun
42,
adequate
by
manufacturers of high-class
clothing. This trial
to
be
so
"100%
by
the
ASF
to
consulting
of
108
The
whole.
There
a tremendous duplication
of effort, unnecessary
because
its
procuring
to
in-
the
reduction
of
had no quality
inspection
manual
the ASF
Jeffersonville
cottons, woolens, and worsteds.
all
plants"
producing
on
order
to
correct
ex-
perienced
and
in
lot. Acceptance and rejec-
a
the
need
to
control
121
The
basis
how-
Service
an interpretation
Logic,
Sv, to TQMG, 16
upon the
market and
rejections
at
sani-
dled, except
Veterinary inspection was
viewpoints
within
dition of fruits, vegetables, dairy
and poultry
products, and
meats. In
It
was
scales of fees
keting
Service.
129
126
(1)
OQMG
Cir
Ltr
42,
19
Mar
41,
127
(1)
41,
sub:
market center
grading
by an
also
requested
which the post, camp,
achieved
of
hearings on the
of Agriculture. Apart
18
Oct
41,
of Subs
in
1943.
The
inspection
of
nonperishable
subsistence
involved
central procuring
assigned to it
purchased
spection
small
in-
limited.
attention
could
be
given
to
Chief
cap-
use
by
completion
by
laboratory
stationed
in
a
Tech &
Div,
an
supplies shipped or
It was
most important
troops
quickly.
Division
responsible
for
the
procurement
of
particular
its duties the storage and distribution of these
items. Problems
modity branches continued to
a
regional
distributing
depot
which
furnished
lubricants,
sent
to
sitions,
and
since
a
Supply,"
points were required
Aid
(predecessor
supplies
In addition,
duction on contingency
necessary to accept
rent
was concerned
United
States
for each
over
OQMG, Stat Rpts
vision,
for
supplying
all
posts,
lines. It
that adequate storage facilities were vital to an
even, organized flow
a
barkation
was
necessary
to
goods
directed
to
was largely
dependent on
Co-ordination
of
Activities
of
service.
13
out
altered in March
supplies
to
depots
and
to
congestion
that
consigned
to
Army
Pearl
Harbor
ments
sponsibilities for inland, terminal,
Army
transport
service.
He
operated
a
(ODT), such
tion the War
traffic control
the
Trans-
Within
the
duration of
the war
water, rail,
War
Department
on
diverted to
nation and
lists, and tally-ins
and
the
ther advantage
ment,
facts were recorded
a
half
necessary
for
each
serviceman.
1H
As
long
as
in
the
relatively
France in the summer
viously, on
the
dan-
this depot see
PQMD to TQMG,
Richard McCormick, The Physical Plant,
1917-42
Hist Sec,
larger depots
Quartermaster
needed
had been
of
1,400,000
men.
It
eighteen
months
responsible for planning the
of
the
to
role
to
play
in
hours
impor-
tant
and their
elimination was
and
unlimited
ever, and consequently their
nities or the
When the problems of
solved,
made
and
depots
administered
31
the
supply
such items
creasingly recognized by the QMC as
the war
storage space
taining
of
depots
east
of
the
expansion program
to provide adequate
36
The
only
satisfactory
solution
to
canned
in
all
parts
ties on its own
munity.
37
The
to
implement
this
ation.
38
By
April
Apr
41,
which the
that
covered
only
the
group
ware-
house
advantage
to
all
the
supply
areas in
November 1942
benefit
from
the
plan
mally consigned to
it. Canned fruits
supplies stored under this plan.
As much
vege-
not permit normal competition between
com-
mercial
antitrust laws. Temporarily,
ceilings.
undertook
a
survey
charges. At
out
with
price regulations.
This system
for establishing
mercial warehouses. On behalf
Plan
was
also
charged
to
knowledge of
the re-
designated
the
to
it
establish
a
table
of
on density
of 1944
The price
JCQMD,
6
May
44,
sub:
lished in
veniently situated
points
such
supplies
for developing
reserve stocks
insured
only
by
the
adoption
of
important of these were
It
the plans
into
operation.
52
Similar
requisitions
Aug
41,
large
volume.
From
the
representatives of
for them.
shortage of cold-storage
in
Nor-
mandy
all the
supplies required
warehouses
were in
of perish-
representatives of
Quartermaster
1940 the huge
be procured
cold-storage
facilities
By then it was
The failure to construct
the Army with
Hq,
15
Apr
44,
1941-48,
pp.
123ff.
61
Ibid.,
pp.
124-26.
62
Stauffer,
QM
Depot
a
method
to
the
use
of
commercial
facilities
did
the
use
a
considerable
amount
as
consolidated
as
possible.
63
Weekly
depot
space
reports
statements
different basis. Such reports were inadequate for
wartime, when
Quartermaster
General
in
and
divisions
of
the
space
assignments
were
outstanding weakness of the
depot
in
order
to
consolidate
which
a
at
the
same
time
a
was
reduced,
would
be
concentrated
in
dependent upon an effective stock locator
sys-
tem
handled
by
its
packed.
There
were
as
be placed. The
position selected the specific
bay in which the
clerk
which
therefore, the
any one position. The
peak
level
however,
disadvan-
tem
to
clothing
76
Improvements
in
space
control
shortages
of
storage
space
and
enabled
ment—fork-lift
lems
velopment
half
a
of
strength
because,
by
distributing
lets, consisting of
other solid items packed in containers strong
enough
to
been
78
Maj
Reid
used
to
convey
supplies
master storage and
equipment
requirements
and
consolidating
those
of
Army
Supply
Program,
sibility
inspection,
and
interest of
equip-
requirements
and
the War
warehouse
the
Sup
Svs,
Equip.
(2)
SOS
Cir
to
Priorities
Div,
60
inches—
were
sufficient
to
handle
efficiently
ployees were reluctant
than
twice
age
more
methods,
would
in 1941
of equipment
prob-
was
to
standardize,
as
far
as
practicable,
of equipment. For
Correlating
the
type
that
a
as a
costs
Apart
pro-
curement
of
replacement
parts.
services
in
the
beginning
placed
large
orders
for
replacement
parts
producing
to
problems
facing
the
Division
collaborated
in
the
determination
of
require-
ments.
Although
the war,
by the
the
assistance
in
the
winter
palletized unit loads to
equipment
and
unloaded
best-
equipped
1944
of
a
needs ofunitized
loading and
storage by
improved
in
England,
but
did
suited
to
however,
suggested
co-ordinated
instructions
Operations Branch.
order to check
items.
116
These
nailed wood,
of
1942
and
1943
was
devoted
to
sizes and shapes
the using
other
Quartermaster
supplies
also
at
manufacturers
claimed
in-
creased
re-
placed
the
treatment than the
day
as
Cargo
space
items. Field ranges
ample, were packed
in four crates
contain-
ers,
Quartermaster
supplies
be
increased
the Corps
war, the
Quartermaster
sup-
Oliver
to
TQMG,
25
May
43,
The
objec-
provide
a
uniform
procedures.
As
a
World War
stock
control
and
1
(1)
World
abroad. The increase
in the strength
accounting, auditing, and supply customary
in
a
small
peacetime
army
Staff
all
supply
arms
the
was to
expediting
time
inadequate,
requisitions
were
extracted
to
estab-
lished
early
in
the
40,
(March-April
to
TQMG,
1
1
Jan
41,
10
Jun
40,
sub:
Admin
of
for
the
a
large
printed
within
a
few
hours,
of
of desired
consolidated
of
standardized
records kept
submit
reports
re-
data
reflecting
actual
or
overseas.
for
the
country's
produc-
produced.
The
need
for
tions.
Emphasis
was
to func-
the proper
plete
statistics
each distribut-
ing point,
and the
new
stock
con-
trol
system
at
recorded these
inspecting and
approving many
outgoing supplies
one
depot
use
but
that the figures for
items actually
station
stock.
At
the
levels
but
ments.
The
the data essential
system. They were the
amount of stock required
stock levels.
shortages, excesses, and
able
to
levels.
37
over
of
the
dis-
were
based
on
the
Stations,
passim.
36
Memo,
Gen
57
Carroll
Belknap
the OQMG,
Army under the
The use
service.
stock
system of
of any item
calculation
supplies
by
the
level authorized for
seldom,
if
90
days,
taking
into
to
insure
terval
point represented
be reduced.
of
levels.
The
and
Distribution
Francisco
success
with
obsolete stores
at stations,
depots
were
distribution
hampered, however,
"too
re-
stock
status
cards
failed
to
reflect
be
51
(1)
Memo,
Problems in
Relation to Supply,
OQMG, 4
as a
a 45-day
poses
Woolen and
these
liberated areas
for
pris-
Europe ended,
there were
issue
as
it
64
and
then
by
the
de-
velopments
which
led
to
desired
co-
ordination
by
and
surpluses.
65
to be put into
tions.
63
(1)
OQMG
Daily
Activity
Nov
44.
(2)
Ltr,
Gen
requirements.
(3)
See
below,
pp.
It was
and co-ordinating
all directives
tive to the control
of stocks, appraise perform-
ex-
perience
chief
of
Accounting Sections of the Storage Branch. In
the beginning there was an
informal under-
standing that
at posts, camps,
lems relating
Opns,
ASF,
to
TQMG,
6
Feb
45,
the
Stock
Con-
procedural
directives
placed
in
charge
Branch
be
absorbed
into
the
Stock
Control
Branch;
provide "more
and
reorganized
of the
serv-
ices
tion of all stock
Army was
engaged in
longed
study.
based on erroneous
experiment.
85
erated
even
as
this
experiment
of
the
Sep-
tember
1943.
86
and thus promote
efficiency of operations.
8
Jul
43,
sub:
Depot
Opns
Rpt
67,
323.3.
86
failure
demands
of
total
Any
dispropor-
tionately
station
regi-
worn property.
new,
combat
the
zone
of
action
could
be
taken.
national
utilized in the
Corps
was
particu-
supplies.
of
redistribution.
87
In
excesses was
dustry, which had
ficient supplies
od
which
need
author-
ized
that redistribution
continue
mak-
ing
unnecessary
keeping
properties
at
due to
claimed
that
"to
be
used
Prop
Svs et al.,
organ-
izations.
93
Since
there
a dangerous
ever, he also had
interior supply
from
manufactur-
LeRoy Lutes,
obsolete
for
upon
to
build
up
rather
hampered
from
one
become
of the
supplies.
101
directives
in in-
tion by
is-
sue
definite
instructions
to
the depot space
CQMD et
Excess
Stocks.
(2)
1st
ASF, 10
inactivatio'n
of
others
except
under
special
Technical
107
inspect
and
depots.
The
in standard
made
it
imperative
had
vested
stances where
Surplus Prop.
which
storage
Needs of WD.
the
OQMG
for
Quartermaster
depots
and
post
quartermasters
making
progress
other
services,
Headquarters,
ASF,
directed
the
declared
by
mercial items,
a
depot
master General.
of
nonstandard
and
obsolete
within these categories.
by
all
de-
pots
to
Thereafter
such
der consideration by
the Issues Forecast
curacy.
stocks. The War
be
re-
Disposal
of
Surplus
Standard
Items
31
Dec
43,
400.703.
of items
objections
made
was
Moreover, the
Army was
necessary
Once property was
property held
prop-
lete surplus property having
and
Dis-
posal
of
Obsolete
and
Nonstandard
Prop
and
Standard
17 Apr
1944.
158
of
Staff,
Section,
and
published
than
a
consequence,
to
be
done
to
in
the
letters, office
orders, intraoffice
technical
data;
a
of the
central
probably
broken
down
into
They therefore
a
often
a
laborious
task
because
they
Quartermaster Corps,
Pro-
Quar-
termaster
Corps
the
use
of
brass,
63
use
of
200
co-operative
QMC
under,
244,
245
supplies
obtained
from
other
330, 338, 339
efforts
administrative organization for, 280
342
organizational
35,
45,
84
113,
115,
116,
165,
317
24,
26,
33,
34
229
specifications for,
Division
preparation
of
WFA issuance
Division, 248
Purchase, Storage
and Traffic
of Engineers,
19,
19n,
20,
40,
41,
266
Space
control
343
342-47
quirements,
344
function
of,
343
Comptroller.
purposes
of,
364
perishable,
340
Supply
bureaus,
5,
6
Supply
Talbott,
Tent, squad
fire-resistant finish for, 167
weight of,
299
and